Investigation on the behaviour of ternary blended concrete with scba and sf (original) (raw)
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Materials
Cement production is environmentally unsustainable due to the high anthropogenic carbon emissions produced. Supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), derived from the by-products of different industries, have been deemed an effective way to reduce carbon emissions. The reduction in carbon emissions is achieved by lowering the clinker factor of cement, through a partial replacement with an SCM. Sugarcane Bagasse Ash (SCBA) is produced as an agricultural waste from the sugarcane industry and has gained a lot of attention for being a feasible and readily available pozzolanic material, underutilised as an SCM. This study evaluates alkali-activated sugarcane bagasse ash’s mechanical and durability performance, at varied contents, in binary blended cement concrete and ternary blended cement concrete containing silica fume (SF). Potassium Hydroxide (KOH), used as the alkali activator, is intended to enhance the reactivity of the ash, with the possibility of a high-volume SCBA content. T...
The addition of untreated sugarcane bagasse ash (UtSCBA) was studied in ternary concretes. Microstructure characteristics of ternary concretes containing UtSCBA and fly ash were analyzed. Mechanical properties of those ternary concretes were obtained and discussed. a b s t r a c t The effects of the addition of a Mexican sugarcane bagasse ash to binary concrete prepared with blended Portland cement (CPC) and fly ash (FA) were studied. The sugarcane bagasse ash was used practically as received (UtSCBA), with the only post-treatment application sieving through a No. 75 mm (ASTM) mesh for four minutes. The characterization of the materials used for the concrete preparation was carried out using RXFE, XRD and SEM/EDS, and the BET methods. Besides the control mixture, three ternary concrete mixtures were prepared: the control mixture (C) with 100% CPC; a mixture with 80% CPC, 20% FA and 0% UtSCBA (T0); a mixture with 70% CPC, 20% FA and 10% UtSCBA (T1); and a mixture with 60% CPC, 20% FA and 20% UtSCBA (T2). The properties of the concretes in fresh and hardened states were studied. In the fresh state, slump, volumetric weight, air content and temperature were estimated, while in the hardened state microstructure, mineral phases, compressive strength, moduli of elasticity and Poisson ratios were investigated. The results indicate that UtSCBA can be considered as a pozzolan even though the LOI content is higher than the maximum allowed in the Standard. UtSCBA particles are heterogeneous (in shape and size) with a specific surface area similar to that of the CPC. Because it has a larger volume of total pores, the use of UtSCBA leads to a reduction of workability and volumetric weight; however, the air content and the temperature in the fresh state are not affected. The results of XRD and SEM/ EDS suggest that at early ages both a physical effect of dilution of the CPC and the high carbon content in the SCBA negatively affect the compressive strength of the concretes. However, the pozzolanic reaction of the SCBA is beneficial at later ages. The combination of 10% UtSCBA plus 20% FA did not affect either the development of the strength of the concrete or its modulus of elasticity. On the other hand, the addition of 20% UtSCBA decreased the strength of the concrete at early ages, but after 90 days it was similar to the strength of the control mixture.
International Journal of Engineering Research and, 2016
Bagasse ash is the ash obtained from fibrous matter that remains after sugarcane are crushed to extract their juice. In this thesis work Portland cement is partially replaced with silica fume and sugar cane bagasse ash in M40 grade cement concrete.. Initially, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% of silica fume is blended with Portland cement and optimum % of silica fume is determined by conducting several fresh and hardened concrete tests. A 10 % of silica fume blended with cement gives optimum results at 28 days curing for binary blended concrete. The compressive strength obtained for optimum binary mix is 50.86 N/mm 2 while that of the control mix is 50.22 N/mm 2. Next ternary blended concrete mixes is prepared using OPC, 10% silica fume and 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% percentages of bagasse ash. Optimum percentage of bagasse ash is obtained as 10% and the compressive strength obtained is 52.23 N/mm 2 .
Reduction of carbon dioxide emission in to environment has become major challenge to the present scientists. One ton of cement consumption produces one ton of carbon dioxide which damage the climate. Replacement of cement with the industrial and natural bi-products (pozzolanic materials) such as Fly Ash (FA), Micro Silica(MS), Ground Granulated Blast furnace Slag (GGBS), Metakaolin (MK), Rice Husk Ash (RHA) etc., is the only substitute in reducing the consumption of cement and for producing High Strength Concrete (HSC) in the concrete construction industry. Due to the exposure of civil engineering structures to elevated temperatures as in the case of buildings, bridges, tunnels, off shore and nuclear reactors which causes lot of damage to the structures, human and economic losses and these situations necessitate the use of appropriate fire resistant materials and development of designs for construction industry. The investigations were made on the mechanical properties of concrete viz., residual compressive strength of Ternary Blended Concrete (TBC) prepared by replacing the Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) with10%, 20%, 30% of fly ash and 10% of micro silica at different temperatures from 100 o C to 800 o C in addition to ambient temperatures and to arrive at the optimum proportions of various constituents which give higher compressive strength.
Construction and Building Materials, 2012
In the present work an experimental program was carried out to investigate the influence of residual sugar cane bagasse and rice husk ashes (SCBA and RHA, respectively) in the properties of concretes. SCBA and RHA were produced using vibratory grinding in dry open circuit and conventional and high-performance concretes were produced with 0% and 20% of both ashes as cement replacement (by mass). Ternary mixtures containing cement, SCBA and RHA (0.6-0.2-0.2) were also produced in order to study the benefits of the simultaneous use of both ultrafine ashes on concrete properties. Experiments were performed to investigate the rheology (yield stress and plastic viscosity), compressive strength (at 7, 28, 90, and 180 days), Young's modulus (at 28 days) and rapid chloride-ion penetrability. The pore size distribution and adiabatic temperature rise of the reference and ternary mixtures were also evaluated. The joint influence of both ashes allowed reaching positive effects in rheology and kept constant or increased the compressive strength when compared to the reference mixtures. Moreover, the ternary concretes presented lower electric charges and the replacement of cement by 40% SCBA and RHA decreased significantly the maximum adiabatic temperature rise of conventional concrete.
IRJET, 2023
The use of renewable or waste materials for construction work has increasingly become an important area of research over the years with various results showing that sustainability, proper waste disposal, better fresh and harden concrete properties as well as cost effectiveness can all be improved. Sugarcane bagasse is a dry pulpy fibrous waste material that remains after crushing sugarcane to extract their juice. Sugarcane bagasse ash (SBA) is obtained from biomass burning and has been observed to have great potential as supplementary cementitious materials due to it being high in silica which has been found to have pozzolanic properties. Several research works have been done on the strength properties of partially replacing cement with SBA in concrete and sandcrete blocks. However, this study seeks to examine the fire properties of concrete produced with sugarcane bagasse ash. 100×100×100mm cubes specimens were produced for this study. The cubes were placed in the oven and heated from room temperature with no visible change until both the control and 5% SBA cement replacement specimens showed a long thin hairy crack at 600 ℃, which indicates a sign of failure. Both samples failed completely at 930 ℃ showing multiple hairy cracks on the samples, but unlike the 5% SBA specimen, the control sample was falling off or breaking due the effect of fire. The fire resistance test of 10% SBA cement replacement only showed sign of failure at 700 ℃ where double hairy cracks was noticed on the sample but the sample failed at 980 ℃. This shows that the 10% SBA cube sample has better fire resistivity compared to the control specimen but it could only attain a compressive strength of 15.17N/mm2 at 56days curing. It was therefore concluded that both 5% and 10% substitution of cement with SBA improves the fire properties of concrete however the compressive strength of 10% SBA cement replacement indicates it can be used where M15 concrete grade is required
Electronic Journal of Structural Engineering, 2023
The field of structural engineering has in recent times begun to widen its scope from the traditional analysis and design, into the development of new structural materials. This is because the use of non-renewable materials in forming and framing structural projects are raising serious environmental concerns bothering on sustainability of materials, especially cement, to produce structural concrete. Cement has been found to be a major contributor to greenhouse gases which affect the environment negatively. Waste from both the industrial and agricultural industries are gradually becoming sources of material to partly replace cement in concrete because of their pozzolanic properties. The agro-based pozzolanic materials include Rice husk Ash (RHA), Saw dust ash (SDA), Palm oil fuel ash (POFA) amongst others. To further widen the scope and resource base of pozzolanic materials for concreting, ternary blends consisting of agro-based pozzolans are being researched into. These research efforts however appear to be uncoordinated, and thus there is a need to juxtapose these efforts together to see the extent of work done on such ternary blends and present their relevant structural properties. This is with a view to helping identify gaps in such research as a means of preventing wastage of research energies. This paper presents a review of structural properties of some agro-based ternary blends used in structural concrete. It is concluded that more research effort is needed, especially in the development of practical and acceptable guidelines that will aid their application in concrete, for sustainable production of structural concrete.
IRJET, 2021
The current study presents the effect of pozzolanic material in concrete and its influence on the improvement of concrete strength characteristics. Bagasse is a fibrous waste product of the sugar refining industry made from sugar cane. Aluminium ion and silica are the major components of bagasse ash. Sugar Cane Bagasse Ash (SCBA) is used to partially replace the cement in concrete, in the range of 0%, 10% and 20%. Strength characteristics such as compressive strength, spilt tensile strength and flexural strength are evaluated and durability test is conducted. The results obtained are compared with conventional concrete. As the SCBA is increased from 0 to 10% the 28 days compressive strength values of M15, M30 and M50 mixes increase by 5.74%, 7.32% and 7.07% respectively. The split tensile strength values of M15, M30 and M50 mixes increase by 22.6%, 18.43% and 8.41% respectively. And the flexural strength values of M15, M30 and M50 mixes increase by 5.48%, 22.4% and 18.07% respectively. Hence the replacement of cement by SCBA up to 10% can be considered without compromising the strength properties. Durability study proves that the reduction in the compressive strength and loss of weight increases with increase in SCBA.
Materials
Cement and concrete are among the major contributors to CO2 emissions in modern society. Researchers have been investigating the possibility of replacing cement with industrial waste in concrete production to reduce its environmental impact. Therefore, the focus of this paper is on the effective use of wheat straw ash (WSA) together with silica fume (SF) as a cement substitute to produce high-performance and sustainable concrete. Different binary and ternary mixes containing WSA and SF were investigated for their mechanical and microstructural properties and global warming potential (GWP). The current results indicated that the binary and ternary mixes containing, respectively, 20% WSA (WSA20) and 33% WSA together with 7% SF (WSA33SF7) exhibited higher strengths than that of control mix and other binary and ternary mixes. The comparative lower apparent porosity and water absorption values of WSA20 and WSA33SF7 among all mixes also validated the findings of their higher strength resu...
Innovative Infrastructure Solutions, 2020
An experimental study has been executed to examine long-term strength and durability characteristics of concrete mixes incorporating three types of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), namely rice husk ash (RHA); metakaolin (MK); and silica fume (SF) as substitution to cement content. These SCMs were mixed in binary-and/or ternary-blended form in the cement-bound composites having percentages of replacement in range between 5 and 10%. Seven different types of mixes were prepared and assessed for workability, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and water absorption. For evaluating short-and long-term strengths, the concrete specimens were tested at curing age of 3, 7, 28, 56 and 180 days, whereas 28, 56 and 180 days of curing age were chosen to assess the water absorption value. Results revealed that considered SCMs decrease the strength of matrix up to 28 days of curing but aids in restoring it in later ages. For all mixes, experimental results indicate that the substitution of RHA and MK, or RHA and SF while altering cement content increases the composite potential in resisting higher loads in compression as well in tension, while on other side, degrades the water absorption capacity. A multivariable nonlinear regression model having higher order of accuracy has also been proposed for estimating compression strength, tension strengths and the water absorption capacity along with analysing cost and economic benefits of utilising SCM concrete.