Testing the bi-dimensional effects of attitudes on behavioural intentions and subsequent behaviour (original) (raw)
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The Importance of Attitudes in the Prediction of College Students' Intentions to Drink
Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 1996
theory of reasoned action was used to test the relative importance of attitudes and subjective norms in predicting undergraduate students' intentions to perform 3 different types of social drinking actions: avoiding drinking, drinking enough to get a slight buzz, and drinking enough to get drunk. A multiple regression paradigm was used to determine the relative effectiveness of attitudes and subjective norms in predicting intentions to perform each of the 3 drinking behaviors. Although attitudes were consistently found to be better predictors of intentions than were subjective norms, the strength of the attitude-intention relation varied widely across the 3 actions. In particular, the attitude-intention correlation was strongest for "drinking enough to get drunk." Findings also suggest that subjective norms, previous behavior, and perceived behavioral control are not important variables for predicting this behavior.
The development of a model to predict drinking behavior from attitudes in university students
The Journal of Primary Prevention, 1994
The major purposes of the study were: a) to examine the relationship between attitudes and self-reported levels of drinking; and b) to develop a stable prediction equation that included attitudes as a predictor of drinking behavior. A Likert-type survey was developed to measure college student's attitudes toward alcohol. The survey was administered to a sample of college students (n = 1049). The coefficient alpha reliability estimate was found to be .91.
Journal of Marketing Management, 2014
This study models young people's moderate drinking decision-making using the Model of Goal-Directed Behaviour (MGB), thus presenting insights into young people's desires and intentions to drink responsibly. Testing the applicability of the MGB to quantitatively analyse responsible drinking, the explanatory sphere of the MGB is extended. An online survey resulted in 1522 completed questionnaires from respondents aged between 18 and 25 years. Collected data were analysed with structural equation modelling (SEM) using SPSS AMOS21 (IBM, New York, NY, USA) software. The key finding of this study is that an individual's desire to drink moderately is the most important predictor of young people's responsible drinking intentions. Our use of MGB provides further evidence that there is a strong distinction between consumer desires and intentions.
British journal of health psychology, 2006
A sample of 398 undergraduate students completed questionnaires assessing the main constructs of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) in relation to binge drinking, as well as past binge drinking behaviour. Of these, 273 were followed up at 1 week. Regression analyses revealed attitude, self-efficacy, and perceived control (negative relationship) to be predictive of binge drinking intentions. Intention and self-efficacy were, in turn, predictive of binge drinking at 1-week follow-up. Past behaviour was found to explain additional variance in intention and behaviour. In addition, past behaviour was found to moderate the attitude-intention and intention-behaviour relationships, such that weaker relationships were observed with increasing frequency of past behaviour. The results are discussed in relation to the need to develop and test alternative measures of habit. The implications of the findings for interventions to encourage more appropriate drinking behaviour are outlined.
Variables that moderate the attitude-behavior relation: Results of a longitudinal survey
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1979
The following factors were hypothesized to moderate the attitude-behavior relation: (a) the behavioral sequence that must be successfully completed prior to the occurrence of the behavior, (b) the time interval between the measurement of attitudes and behavior, (c) attitude change, (d) the respondent's educational level, and (e) the degree of correspondence between attitudinal and behavioral variables. The behaviors investigated were having a child and using oral contraceptives. A stratified random sample of 244 married women in a midwestern urban area was studied during a three-wave, 2-year longitudinal study. Selection of attitudinal and belief measures was guided by the Fishbein model of behavioral intentions. Consistent with the hypotheses, the relations between behavior and both intention and the model's attitudinal and normative components were substantially attenuated by (a) events in the behavioral sequence not under the volitional control of the actor, (b) an increase in the time interval between the measurement of attitudes and behavior from 1 to 2 years, and (c) changes in the model's attitudinal and normative components during the first year. The respondent's educational level did not affect attitudebehavior consistency. Finally, the attitude-behavior correlation increased significantly as the degree of correspondence between the two variables increased. Wicker (1969) concluded his comprehen-and behavioral measures. By assessing both sive review of the attitude-behavior relation variables at corresponding levels of specificity, with the suggestion, "It is considerably more that is, measuring attitude toward the act for likely that attitudes will be unrelated or only the prediction of a specific behavior or measlightly related to overt behaviors than that suring a global attitude toward an object for attitudes will be closely related to actions" the prediction of a multiple-act behavioral (p. 76). Rather than signaling a decrease in criterion, a reasonable degree of predictive research on this topic, pessimistic reviews by accuracy can be obtained (Ajzen & Fishbein,
Alcohol and Alcoholism, 2001
The present study explores the correlates of adhering to the recent low-risk single-occasion drinking (LRSOD) guidelines. This was achieved by exploring key beliefs and attitudes underlying adherence to these guidelines within the framework of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB). Female students (n = 173) provided information about their LRSOD and beliefs and attitudes pertaining to LRSOD. Analyses of the resultant data showed the TPB to be significantly predictive of LRSOD, accounting for 27% of the variance, with normative beliefs, behavioural beliefs, and attitude emerging as significant predictors in the regression analysis. The implications of the study findings are discussed in terms of the current utility of the LRSOD limits for reducing alcohol-related harm.
Discrepancies of positive and negative consumption expectations in high risk drinking experiences
Australasian Marketing Journal (AMJ), 2011
To date, customer satisfaction and service quality studies have only focused on disconfirmation of expectations in terms of product/service attributes. This study applies the disconfirmation of expectations paradigm to explain what makes the consumption of sin products (high risk alcohol consumption) a satisfactory or unsatisfactory experience. In doing so, it illustrates that disconfirmation of expectations should focus on consumption outcomes as they motivate customers to consume products and services. Furthermore, both positive and negative outcome expectancies should be included. The alcohol expectancy literature offers operational definitions of positive and negative outcome expectancies. However, alcohol expectancy studies do not use the disconfirmation paradigm to explain high risk drinking behaviours. This is a serious omission as disconfirmation of expectations have been shown to be a better predictor of customer satisfaction and behavioural intentions than customer expectations This study concludes with data gained from a university setting testing the hypotheses proposed, showing distinct differences between positive and negative disconfirmation of outcome expectations.
Predicting dyscontrolled drinking with implicit and explicit measures of alcohol attitude
2014
Background: A defining feature of alcohol addiction is dyscontrol -drinking despite intentions to restrain use. Given that dyscontrolled drinking involves an automatic (nonvolitional) element and that implicit measures are designed to assess automatic processes, it follows that implicit measures may be particularly useful for predicting dyscontrolled alcohol use. Although there is accumulating evidence for the benefit of using implicit measures to predict nonvolitional behaviors, relatively little research has examined such predictive validity for alcohol dyscontrol. The current study was designed to examine whether an implicit measure of alcohol attitude would predict variance of dyscontrol above that explained by typical drinking behavior and an explicit measure of alcohol attitude. Methods: A sample of 62 undergraduate students completed implicit and explicit measures of alcoholpositive (relative to alcohol-negative) valence associations and retrospective self-report measures of typical drinking behavior and difficulty in controlling alcohol consumption. Results: Both the implicit and explicit measures predicted alcohol dyscontrol. The implicit measure continued to predict dyscontrol when controlling for the explicit measure and typical drinking behavior. Conclusions: These findings indicate that assessing the automaticity of alcohol-positive associations may be beneficial for predicting clinically relevant behaviors such as post-treatment outcome.