Effect of crumb rubber gradation on a rubberized cold recycled mixture for road pavements (original) (raw)
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The use of crumb rubber for replacing fine aggregate in cold mixture asphalt
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2019
In order to consider the environmental impact, this study investigated the effect of crumb rubber on the mechanical performance of cold mixture asphalt. Crumb rubber was obtained from the process of recycling waste tires, which this waste material becomes a major environmental problem due to the rapid increase in the number of motor vehicles in Indonesia. Cold mixture asphalt is an environmental friendly option on flexible pavement, which reduces energy consumption because it does not need heat during the process as in hot mixture asphalt. In this study, laboratory tests were conducted for Dense Graded Emulsion Mixture Type IV. The first stage in this study was to perform laboratory experiments on compacted mixture to determine the optimum residual bitumen content. In the next stage, a series of tests on crumb rubber mixtures were conducted in the optimum residual bitumen content condition to investigate the effect of crumb rubber as a partial replacement of fine aggregate. Fine agg...
Influences of crumb rubber size and type on reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) mixtures
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Over the years, recycling has become one of the most attractive pavement rehabilitation alternatives, and different recycling methods are now available to address specific pavement distresses and structural needs. The objective of this study was to investigate and evaluate the engineering properties of crumb rubber size and type influences on reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) mixtures. The experimental design for this study included the use of three rubber sizes and two rubber types (ambient or cryogenic) in the mixture containing 25% RAP mixtures. In this study, the results of the experiments indicated that the addition of crumb rubber was helpful in increasing the voids in mineral aggregate (VMA) in Superpave mix design and improving rutting resistance of mixture regardless of rubber size and type. On the other hand, indirect tensile strength (ITS) values show no significant difference for mixtures made with three type rubber sizes. However, the increase of rubber size, regardless of rubber type, reduced the resilient modulus values but extended the fatigue life of the modified mixtures.
Effect of Crumb Rubber as Fine Aggregate Replacement in Cold Mixture Asphalt
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The number of waste tires has been increasing as an impact of rapidly growing number of vehicles and becomes a global environmental concern. The environmental impact can be reduced by converting the waste tires to crumb rubber and reusing it as a replacement of fine aggregates in asphalt mixture. Dense graded cold mixtures asphalt design was developed for rubberized mixtures with up to 100% (by weight) crumb rubber replacement. Series of laboratory testing were performed for evaluating the Marshall stability and volumetric properties of rubberized cold mixture asphalt. The findings of this laboratory study indicated that Marshall stability and volumetric properties of these mixtures were affected by crumb rubber percentage. Although the use of crumb rubber in cold mixture asphalt could decrease the mechanical and volumetric properties of mixtures, but still has a great potential as a partial fine aggregate replacement in cold mixture asphalt. Rubberized cold mixture asphalt could be...
Transportation Research Record, 2006
The recycling of reclaimed asphalt pavements containing crumb rubber modified binder (CRM RAP) is an important issue to investigate because some of these types of pavements are more than 10-15 years old in some areas in the USA. In this study, a laboratory investigation was conducted on the possibility of recycling laboratory-prepared CRM RAP in Superpave mixtures by following a normal recycling practice. Six mixtures (three recycled mixtures containing laboratory-prepared CRM RAP and three control virgin mixtures) were designed and tested. Three types of aggregates and two types of CRM binders were used for the mixtures. The CRM RAP used in the study was artificially aged in the laboratory using an accelerated aging process. The percentage of the RAP incorporated into the recycled mixtures was 15%. Evaluation of all mixtures included the following testing procedures: indirect tensile strength (ITS), Asphalt Pavement Analyzer (APA), resilient modulus and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The results from this study showed that 1) it is possible to incorporate 15% CRM RAP into HMA using normal recycling practices; 2) there is no significant difference in the properties (e.g., indirect tensile strength, rutting resistance, resilient modulus, and binder molecular size distribution) between the three virgin and the three recycled mixtures.
This research gives a scientific contribution in order to have high durability of flexible pavement using different crumb rubber, also contributes to the benefit of crumb rubber as an additive material to improve the quality of the structure of pavement layers. Scrap tires are a component of strong waste management issues. Many tires are removed each year and many nations face the same issue with the management of scrap tires. Incorporating crumb rubber as part of asphalt concrete construction will help solve the environmental pollution problem in the world. Crumb rubber (CR) Components of the pavement was suggested as waste products. Previous studies have attempted to find alternative materials that act as additives or altered assets in pavement building. The methods used in this research are Marshall Test, Permeability, ITS, and UCS. The blended structure will lead in the finest and distinct asphalt concrete mixture with the mixture of bicycle cycle, motorcycle, motorcycle, and vehicle and truck waste tire. From the result, it can be seen that the effect of change in the temperature of the Asphalt Concrete-the mixture is highly influential on the stability value of asphalt itself. Where if the temperature of the Asphalt Concrete-Wearing mixture course exceeds or is below the standard temperature, asphalt stability will be impaired. The mixed design will result in the best and different combination for asphalt concrete with the combination of the waste tire of a bicycle, motorcycle, car, and truck.
Effects of Using Crumb Rubber in Asphalt Mixtures on Mechanical Properties (Dry Method
Presently the large volume of waste tire rubber becomes a serious problem that impact to the environment. Many alternatives were proposed from many researchers for solving this problem. Utilization of crumb rubber in pavement construction is one of the smart solution in sustainable development by recycling waste material and also extend the period of time services of the road. The aim of this study to investigate the adverse effect of utilizing crumb rubber on the mechanicals properties of hot mix asphalt by using dry method. Crumb rubber is the recycled rubber obtained by mechanical shearing or grinding of tires into small coarse crumb rubber. The dry method includes mixing the crumb rubber particles with aggregates prior to addition to asphalt and the crumb rubber does not fully react with the asphalt. The investigation was conducted by preparing 17 specimen include (1, 2 and 3%) crumb rubber content and (No.6, and 8) crumb rubber size. The study results shown the modulus of elasticity has been decreased by (7%) and compression strength has been decreased by (32%) when using crumb rubber size (3.35mm) and (3%) content in asphalt mixture.
Behavior of a Hot-MIX Asphalt Made with Recycled Concrete Aggregate and Crumb Rubber
Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering
An experimental program was devised to evaluate the effect on the resistance of a hot mix asphalt, due to the total replacement of a natural aggregate (limestone — LS) by a recycled concrete aggregate (RCA). Two asphalt binders were used: conventional AC 50-70 (penetration grade) and AC 50-70 modified with crumb rubber (CRM). The mechanical properties investigated were the stability and flow ratio (Marshall test), indirect tensile strength, resistance to abrasion (Cantabro test), resilient modulus, resistance to permanent deformation, to fatigue and to moisture damage (modified Lottman test). When the LS is completely replaced by RCA, the resistance under monotonic loading, moisture damage and permanent deformation improved, the mass loss in the Cantabro test and the resilient modulus shows appropriate values, however, the fatigue resistance decreases. Besides, mixtures with RCA using CRM binder showed lower fatigue life under stress controlled tests, but much better rutting resista...
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018
The development of road pavement to fulfilled the need of modern life is not only focused on heavy duty road, but also a light duty road for the convenience of road users according to its function. For example the use of pavement on the jogging track, rail crossing, playground and so on. Due to the need of an alternative and the innovation of a comfortable pavement layer, but sufficiently strong in holding the load on the layer. The alternative innovation that can be used for the respective requirement is the utilization of waste old tires as substitute material in pavement construction. In this case the use of crumb rubber made from old tire rubber as an 100% fine aggregate substitute on the asphalt mixtures is investigated. To improve the strength and durability of the mixtures, the addition of polymer modified bitumen was incorporated. The two types of asphalt mixture selected in this study by using a continuous gradation of asphalt concrete and a gap gradation of hot roll asphalt. Testing to be implemented in this research is volumetric characteristics, Marshall characteristics, resistance to abrasion and impact and permeability. Replacement of fine aggregate with crumb rubber on asphalt concrete mixture with 60/70 penetration grade bitumen and polymer modified asphalt SBS E-55 in this research are expected to be an alternative in improving the quality of pavement and overcoming the environmental problems by reuse the waste materials.
Mechanical behavior of cold recycled asphalt mixtures
The Brazilian reduced paved road density, the increasingly demand for highways, and the lack of investment in preventive maintenance practices accelerate the occurrence of pavement distresses. This imparts for poor riding quality highways, resulting in higher fuel consumption, greater emission of pollutant gases, and increasing operational costs. In this scenario, cold recycling practices may be a cost-effective and environmental friendly alternative for pavement rehabilitation. The cold recycled asphalt mixtures (CRAMs) produced by cold recycling techniques, are comprised by reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), bitumen stabilized agents (asphalt emulsion or foamed asphalt), and active fillers (cement or hydrated lime). Despite the economical and sustainable benefits, the CRAMs exhibit a complex mechanical behavior since numerous variables can influence its stiffness. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the CRAM' stiffness dependency regarding temperature, load frequency, stress-state and moisture content variation. Four types of CRAMs were collected from the field during experimental test section construction and were evaluated by means of laboratory tests. For temperature evaluation, the CRAMs linear viscoelastic properties were investigated by means of dynamic modulus and the results were used as input data for computational simulation. It was observed that the CRAMs viscoelastic properties influence the pavement mechanical response. For moisture evaluation, triaxial resilient modulus tests were conducted at different curing conditions. In conjunction with the filter paper test and X-ray micro computed tomography, a correspondence was observed between matric suction and resilient modulus. Besides, the CRAMs stress-state dependency was evaluated by means of pavement simulation and compared with in situ measurements. It was observed that the non-linear elastic behavior of CRAMs substantially influences the pavement mechanical behavior.
Scientific Reports
The reuse of waste materials and residual aggregates as well as the reduction of emissions has become vitally important for the environment, the economy and logistics of the asphalt paving industry. This study characterizes the performance and production properties of asphalt mixtures with waste crumb-rubber modifier from scrap tires, a warm mix asphalt surfactant additive and residual poor-quality volcanic aggregates as the single mineral component. The combination of these three cleaner technologies provides a promising solution to produce more sustainable materials by reusing two different types of waste and decreasing the manufacturing temperature at the same time. The compactability, stiffness modulus and fatigue performance characteristics were assessed in the laboratory for different low production temperatures and compared to conventional mixtures. The results indicate that these rubberized warm asphalt mixtures with residual vesicular and scoriaceous aggregates comply with ...