Prevalence of Brucellosis in Sheep and Cattle Populations in a Rural Area of Western Anatolia, Turkey (original) (raw)
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Seroprevalence of Brucellosis in Human, Sheep, and Cattle Populations in Kırıkkale (Turkey)
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, 2007
The seroprevalence of Brucellosis in human, sheep, and cattle populations was investigated in rural regions of Kirikkale in Turkey. Serum samples were obtained from 1436 humans, and 3.2% (46) of the population was found to be positive by Rose Bengal Plate test (RBPT) and 3.0% (43) gave positive results with the standard tube agglutination test (STAT). Immunoglobulin class analysis of RBPT-positive sera using the ELISA test gave positive results for 33 people (75%) with Brucella ELISA IgG and for 11 people (25%) with Brucella ELISA IgM. The evaluation of 804 serum samples, which were obtained from 301 cattle and 503 sheep, showed 6.47% (52) seropositivity with RBPT. Additionally, all animals were found to be positive with STAT. The seropositivity was 1% and 8 %, respectively, in serum samples obtained from 301 cattle and 503 sheep with the complement fixation test (CFT), which was used as the confirmatory test.
Investigation of Brucella Seroprevalence in Human and Livestocks in Igdır, Turkey
Eastern Journal Of Medicine, 2016
Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease of worldwide and still remains endemic in some developing countries, especially in Turkey. Milk is the main food product serving as a vector for Brucella. In this study we aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of human and animal brucellosis. The study group consisted of 358 subjects who had high risk occupations of animal breeder and farmer. The test results were interpreted and titers equal or in excess of 1/40 were considered significant. 189 farm animals were incorporated to our research. Among these animals, 104 of them were sheep and goat and 85 of them were cattle. The Brucellosis Milk Ring Test was used to test raw milk samples collected the selected herds in the study area. The seroprevalence of human brucellosis was 6.7%. Seroprevalence of animal brucellosis was found as 22.75% in livestocks. This study is important for being the first study in recent years that demonstrates the Brucella seropositivity rates in Igdır Province. This high seropositivity in our region may depend on the high rates of animal brucellosis; those of which were inadequate under control by veterinary and by vaccination and people who consume the milk by without boiling.
Acta Veterinaria Brno, 2008
The prevalence of brucellosis was investigated in cattle, farmers and veterinarians in the Kars district of Turkey between 2004 - 2006. In order to achieve this, a total of 407 serum samples of cattle from 27 herds having history of abortions were examined for Brucella antibodies by RBPT and SAT. In addition, the sera collected from 246 farmers (130 males and 116 females) and 28 veterinarians in the same district were analysed serologically by RBPT, SAT and ELISA. Of the cattle sera analysed, 134 (32.92%) and 141 (34.64%) were determined as positive by RBPT and SAT, respectively. Thirty-two (13%), 35 (14.22%) and 44 (17.88%) of the farmers' sera were found positive for brucellosis by RBPT, SAT and ELISA, respectively. There was no significant difference between sexes for Brucella seropositivity. Of the 28 sera from veterinarians, 13 (46.42%) were positive by the three serological tests. The high prevalence of brucellosis both in cattle and humans suggests that brucellosis is com...
OALib, 2015
Aim: Brucellosis, as a zoonotic disease, is characterized by reduced fertility in animals. This study has aimed to assess the prevalence of brucellosis in sheep and cows rearing in Kermanshah Province. Methodology and Results: The study was conducted in the regions of Kermanshah whereas people had seropositive results for brucellosis. Serum samples of sheep and cow flocks were screened using tow conventional methods. The sheep was the most ruminant infected with brucella. The most seropositive cases were found in the year 2011. Conclusion, Significance and Impact of Study: Control and eradication programs among animals should be regarded as a priority measures in prevention of human brucellosis. The zoonotic aspects of brucellosis must be considered. When the disease exists in animals, especially in ovine and caprine, it is a concern for human public health. In order to control this zoonotic disease, close cooperation of health and veterinary organizations is necessary.
Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Brucellosis in Sheep in North Kordofan State
A cross-sectional study was carried out from April to July/2012 to estimate the prevalence of brucellosis in sheep and to investigate potential risk factors associated with the disease in North Kordofan state. A total of 318 serum samples were collected from sheep. 2.5% (8/318; 95% CI from 0.78 to 4.22) and 22.0% (70/318; 95% CI from 17.5 to 26.6) prevalences were parallel estimated by Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and Serum Agglutination Test (STA). All the RBPT and SAT positive serum samples were serially tested by a Competitive Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The investigated potential individual risk factors included: localities, breeds, age groups, body condition, sexes and parity while herd size, mixed herd, housing, feeding and drinking equipments, having aborter animals in the herd, disposal of the foetal membranes after abortion, practicing milking hygiene and presence of insects and dogs in the herd were the management risk factors. Univariate analysis using chi- square, with a confidence interval of 95% at a p-value of ≤0.05 was employed to identify potential risk factors associated with RBPT- and SAT-positivity statuses for brucellosis infection in sheep. With exception of age (Chi2 = 5.69, p-value = 0.017) in SAT-positive status, none of the other individual or management risk factors had an effect on the occurrence of brucellosis in sheep in North Kordofan State, neither for RBPT- nor for SAT-seropositive statuses. Multivariate analysis using logistic regression was not used because all risk factors had no effect on the spreading of the disease in the univariate analysis using chi square at p-value of ≤0.05. It is concluded that brucellosis in sheep is probably not a significant public health problem in North Kordofan State. However, more studies investigating potential risk factors that could enhance the spread and transmission of brucellosis in sheep in the Sudan are recommended, besides, eradication plans should take place when still the disease is at this low prevalence as the needed effort and cost to manage the disease would be small.
. Seroprevalence of Brucellosis in Sheep and Humans in District
| Brucellosis is a bacterial disease and is caused by genus Brucella. It is highly prevalent zoonotic disease in developing countries including Pakistan. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of brucellosis in sheep and humans of district Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. For this purpose, one hundred blood samples from each humans and sheep (50 each from both sexes) were randomly collected at three different tehsils (Lachi, Seni Gumbat and Kohat) of district Kohat. The serum samples were tested for presence of anti-Brucella antibodies by Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and Serum Agglutination Test (SAT). Moreover, a total of 50 milk samples were also collected from various sheep herds for subsequent conduction of milk ring test (MRT). The estimated prevalence of ovine brucellosis was 12.12%, 09% and 08.82% in Lachi, Seni Gumbat and Kohat, respectively, with an overall prevalence of 10% in the district. Whereas, SAT and RBPT demonstrated the prevalence as 7% and 6%, respectively, in humans. The results of current study validated that brucellosis was widespread in district Kohat with a relatively higher prevalence being recorded in ewes and occupationally exposed women than their male counterparts. Furthermore, the prevalence of brucellosis was significantly higher in sheep and humans of Lachi and Seni Gumbat tehsils as compared to Kohat. Results of the current study may support the health care organizers to formulate suitable control plans against Brucellosis.
Veterinary World, 2022
Background and Aim: Brucellosis is an infectious disease in humans and livestock. The disease is endemic in many regions of Iran, for example, Hamedan Province. Knowledge of infection rate and associated risk factors is essential to control and prevent the disease. The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of brucellosis and associated risk factors in cattle, sheep, and goats in Famenin, Hamedan Province, West of Iran. Materials and Methods: Blood samples of 1758 animals (1470 sheep, 190 goats, and 98 cattle) were obtained in different rural regions of Famenin. The samples were evaluated to detect of Brucella-antibodies using rose Bengal plate test (RBPT), Wright standard tube agglutination test (SAT), and 2-Mercapto-Ethanol (2-ME) techniques. The risk factors associated with brucellosis such as age, gender, history of vaccination against brucellosis, and abortion history in animals were evaluated. In the sampling process, the critical gaps related to the distribution of brucellosis in the herds and regions are identified for designing the strategies to prevent and control the disease. Results: About 6.88% and 89.31% of animals had a history of abortion and vaccination against brucellosis, respectively. Most of the animals were female (92.49%) and in the range of 2–3 age old (39.8%). The antibodies to the Brucella-infection in animals were 2.73% with RBPT and 1.30% with SAT and 2-ME. The prevalence of brucellosis was detected 1.3% among individual animals and 11% among herds. This rate was 1.43% for sheep and 1.05% for goats, with no significant statistical difference. No seropositive case was detected in cattle samples using RBPT, STAT, and 2-ME. The highest rate of brucellosis (6.25%) was detected in Emamzadeh-Pirnahan region (22.2% goats and 5.6% sheep). In sheep, most cases of the disease were in 3–4 age-old group (1.92%), animals without a history of abortion (1.58%), and without a history of vaccination against brucellosis (2.80%). Furthermore, 5.94% of males and 1.11% of females were detected positive for brucellosis (p < 0.001). The chance of brucellosis in rams was 5.6 folds higher than in others (odds ratio = 5.64). Brucellosis in goats was detected 2.94% and 1.89% in the age groups <1 and 2–3 year-old. Furthermore, 1.22% of females and 1.34% of animals without a history of abortion were positive. Brucellosis was found in 0.61% of vaccinated and 3.85% of non-vaccinated goats. Except for gender in sheep, no significant statistical correlation (p > 0.05) was observed between prevalence of brucellosis and risk factors. In farmers, low level of information about the transmission and also control and preventive methods of the disease was dominant. Consumption of traditional and unpasteurized dairy products is also very common in the studied regions. Conclusion: This is a comprehensive evaluation of animal brucellosis parallel to humans' cohort study in the Famenin region for the first time. Although the rate of brucellosis in animals is low in the region, explaining the risk factors to farmers, mass vaccination, regular screening of animals, and culling the positive animals are very important for controlling and reducing the disease in the region.
Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2015
The goal of this study was to use Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT), Serum Agglutination Test (SAT) and Complement Fixation Test (CFT) to determine the prevalence of brucellosis in bulls raised in Turkey's Northeast Anatolian Region (the provinces of Kars, Ardahan and Iğdır), where bovine brucellosis is endemic and compare these tests. The study material consisted of blood samples from bulls raised on cattle farms operated by families using extensive farming methods in the provinces of Kars, Ardahan and Iğdır, where animals exhibited no clinical symptoms of disease. This is the first study to use sampling to determine the prevalence of brucellosis in bulls. Of 227 bulls that were evaluated in the study, 21 (9.25%) were found positive for RBPT, 19 (8.37%) were positive for SAT and 20 (8.81%) were positive for CFT. In animals, venereal transmission that is thought to play the least role in transmission of disease considering founction of nonspecific barrier of vagina to infection is an issue that should be taken into consideration besides ingestion of infected tissues or body fluids, contact with mucous membranes, direct inoculation, and fomites that are the most common ways in transmission of bovine brucellosis.
Seroprevalence of Brucellosis Among Sheep and Goats in Sinnar State, Sudan
Global Journal of Research in Agriculture & Life Sciences, 2023
This study was conducted in Sinnar State to estimate the prevalence of brucellosis in sheep and goats in year 2015 between February-May a four months period. All seven localities of the State were visited with the objectives to study the epidemiology of brucellosis, estimate its prevalence, and identify the endemic area in the State. four hundred serum samples were collected divided as follows: 200 from sheep and 200 from goats. All samples were screened by the Rose Bengal Plate test (RBPT). Competitive ELISA (cELISA) was used as a confirmatory test for only the positive sera. The prevalence was 1.5% and 33.3% in sheep, 3.5% and 42.9% in goats, when tested by RBPT and cELISA respectively. The highest prevalence, in sheep was 5% and 10% in goats in Abu Hejar Locality when tested by RBPT, all these animals were positive with cELISA. Post Hoc test was used and there was a significant difference between Sinnar and Singa also between Abu Hejar and Al Dali at p≥ 0.05. Between sheep and goats Post Hoc test showed a significant difference with significance level 0.004 at p≥ 0.05.