Frequency of isolation and antibiotic resistance of staphylococcal flora from external otitis of dogs (original) (raw)
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Veterinární Medicína, 2015
The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of Staphylococci from swab samples of dogs with otitis externa and to determine their antibiotic resistance profiles, particularly methicillin resistance. For this purpose 116 ear swab samples were collected from 100 dogs and examined for the presence of Staphylococcus species by conventional culture methods. Antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates was determined by the disk diffusion test and for methicillin resistance, by PCR. Forty Staphylococci were isolated from 37 (31.9%) of the 116 ear swabs. Among the 40 isolates, 30 of them were coagulase-positive Staphylococcus species (CPS), while 10 (25%) were coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp. (CNS). S. pseudintermedius (n = 11), S. aureus (n = 8), other not determined Staphylococcus spp. (n = 7), S. chromogenes (n = 7), S. schleiferi coagulans (n = 3), S. hyicus (n = 1), S. hominis subsp. hominis (n = 1), S. simulans (n = 1), S. saprophyticus (n = 1) were isolated. Results of the antibiotic susceptibility tests have shown that 60% of the isolates were resistant to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, 32.5% of them were resistant to erythromycin, 25% were resistant to clindamycin, and all isolates (100%) were sensitive to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and cephazolin. The majority of isolates (97.5%) were sensitive to ciprofloxacin and gentamicin which are frequently used in otitis externa treatment. It was determined that only one (2.5%) (S. hominis subsp. hominis) of the 40 isolates was resistant to methicillin and carried the mecA gene. We found 77% of Staphylococcus spp. to be resistant to one or more antimicrobial drugs, and 25% of Staphylococcus species were found to be resistant to three or more antimicrobial classes. Thus, multidrug-resistance as detected in our study should always be taken into account and close attention should be given to the antimicrobial therapy protocols of pet animals.
Antimicrobial susceptibility of staphylococci isolated from otitis externa in dogs
Letters in Applied Microbiology, 2000
The susceptibility to 23 antimicrobial agents was determined in 114 isolates of Staphylococcus intermedius and eight isolates of Staphylococcus schleiferi of canine origin. Overall, 73% of S. intermedius isolates and 37.5% of S. schleiferi isolates were susceptible to all the 23 antimicrobials tested. The large majority of S. intermedius strains retained susceptibility to antimicrobials currently employed in treatment of pyoderma (cephalosporins, cotrimoxazole and association amoxicillin-clavulanic acid) as well as to those effective against staphylococci (fusidic acid, rifampicin and fluoroquinolones). Resistance in S. intermedius was observed mainly against macrolides, chloramphenicol and lincosamides, while S. schleiferi isolates retained susceptibility to all antimicrobials except three of six fluoroquinolones. Although, our results confirm susceptibility to antimicrobials currently employed in pyoderma treatment, the several different resistance patterns observed for S. intermedius emphasize the importance of antimicrobial susceptibility testing of canine staphylococci to choose the most appropriate treatment of infections and to allow the prudent use of antimicrobial drugs in companion animals.
Afr J Pharm Pharmacol, 2013
Staphylococcus intermedius is a commensal bacterium isolated from the mucous of clinically healthy dogs but commonly associated with pyoderma and otitis in dogs, causing opportunistic side infections. Otic exudates samples from 34 dogs affected by recurrent otitis externa and from 15 humans who had daily contact with them as pets were collected. Samples from five individuals who had no contact with any pet were also taken (as control group). Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance of strains of S. intermedius isolated from cases of otitis externa in dogs and their human owners was assessed. Gram stain, haemolysis, catalase and, respectively coagulase production for identification of staphylococci tests were used. Antimicrobial resistance was evaluated using difusometric standardized technique. All strains of S. intermedius isolated from dogs were resistant to polymyxin B (100%), a significant number of strains to erythromycin (66.66%), kanamycin (50%), tetracycline, lincomycin (45.8%), gentamicin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (37.5%), but highly susceptible to cefaclor (100%). Resistance high levels were also found among the eleven S. intermedius strains isolated from humans (100% polymyxin B, 72.7% kanamycin amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, tetracycline 45.5%), and also against lincomycin and gentamicin (27.3%). 13 strains of methicillin-resistant S. intermedius (MRSI) were identified: five strains from dogs and eight strains from humans. Otic, oral, nasal and anal mucosa can serve as excellent S. intermedius reservoir for colonization in dogs. From these places, bacteria can be transferred easily to humans, especially if they are in contact with their pets and vice versa.
Prevalence of antimicrobial susceptibility of staphylococci isolated from otitis externa of cats
Were collected 45 samples from adult cats with clinical otitis externa, processed from isolation Staphylococcus species and tested for susceptibility for ciprofloxacin, pristinamicin, ampicillin / sulbactan, gentamicin, kanamycin, novobiocin, methicillin, vancomycin, ceftriaxon, cefoxitin, rifampicin, lincomycin, cefaclor, amoxicillin / clavulanic acid, eritromycin, polymyxin B, tetracyclyn and doxycyclin. Was also determined methicilin resistance. Processed samples were isolated from thirty-two strains of staphylococci (71.11% growth positivity). Coagulase-positive staphylococci were obtained from 21 cats, and the species recovered was Staphylococcus Intermedius Group (Staphylococcus intermedius), S. aureus and S. hycus. Were isolated coagulase-negative staphylococci also like S. felis, S. haemolyticus and S. epidermidis. Resistance of antibiotics was frequently observed, with 71.875% of the isolates showing resistance to at least one drug. Resistance were observed to polymyxin B, in 23 in the 32 isolated (71.875%), 20 to doxycycline (62.5%), 15 to erythromycin (46.87%), 8 to amoxicillin / clavulanic acid (25%) and 5 to methicillin (15.62%). Most active antimicrobial substances were ciprofloxacin, ampicillin / sulbactan and cephalosporin group. These microorganisms have an important role in the pathogenesis of ear infections in cats.
Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Perú (RIVEP), 2020
Methicillin-resistant coagulase-positive staphylococci (CoPS) have become increasingly recognised as opportunistic pathogens that limit therapeutic options in companion animals. The frequency of methicillin resistance amongst clinical isolates on an Australia-wide level is unknown. This study determined antimicrobial susceptibility patterns for CoPS isolated from clinical infections in companion animals (dogs, cats and horses) as part of the first nationwide survey on antimicrobial resistance in animal pathogens in Australia for a oneyear period (January 2013 to January 2014). Clinical Staphylococcus spp. isolates (n = 888) obtained from 22 veterinary diagnostic laboratories were identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing for 16 antimicrobials, representing 12 antimicrobial classes. Potential risk factors associated with methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from dogs were analysed based on demographic factors and clinical history, including gender, age, previous antimicrobial treatment, chronic and/or recurrent diseases and site of infections. The most commonly identified CoPS were S. pseudintermedius (70.8%; dogs n = 616, cats n = 13) and S. aureus (13.2%, horses n = 53, dogs n = 47 and cats n = 17). Overall, the frequency of methicillin resistance among S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) and S. aureus (MRSA) was 11.8% and 12.8%, respectively. MRSP isolates were strongly associated with resistance to fluoroquinolones (OR 287; 95%CI 91.2-1144.8) and clindamycin (OR 105.2, 95%CI 48.5-231.9). MRSA isolates from dogs and cats were also more likely to be resistant to fluoroquinolones (OR 5.4, 95%CI 0.6-252.1), whereas MRSA from horses were more likely to be resistant to rifampicin. In multivariate analysis, MRSP-positive status was significantly associated with particular infection sites, including surgical (OR 8.8; 95%CI 3.74-20.7), and skin and soft tissue (OR 3.9; 95%CI 1.97-7.51). S. pseudintermedius isolated from dogs with surgical site infections were three times more likely to be methicillin-resistant if cases had received prior antimicrobial treatment. Whilst the survey results indicate the proportion of CoPS obtained from Australian companion animals that are methicillin-resistant is currently moderate, the