Emergence of Sociology (original) (raw)

 Sociological theory and its development takes place in a particular social and psychological setting of the sociologist  Sociological theory is the sociologists response to the context in which he lives and works  The inner context -background and ideas of a sociologist -and the outer context -the overall environment, social and physical the society is embedded in -and the interplay between these two interrelated arenas of living creates sociological theory  Sociology developed first in the west in the 18 th century and it percolated India in 20 th century  Sociology emerged as response to forces of change  The law and order problem in France after the French Revolution in 1789, which was supposed to be beneficial, being worse than medieval period prompted Comte and Durkheim to take up social theorising -outer context. French revolution announced the arrival of political sovereignty at the level of individual as well as nation states. Declaration of human rights, questioning the legitimacy of privileges inherited by birth, signalled the emancipation of the individual from the oppressive rule of the religious and feudal institutions that dominated France before the Revolution, new ideas about what was appropriate to the public and private spheres developed, nation-state was also redefined as a sovereign entity with centralised govt. the ideas of French Revolution -Liberty, equality and fraternity became the watchwords of the modern state.