Molecular epidemiology of tuberculosis: Opportunities challenges in disease control (original) (raw)
2017, Indian Journal of Medical Research
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Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the oldest communicable bacterial diseases, spreads predominantly by inhalation of infected respiratory droplets. It is a curable and preventable disease yet remains the leading infectious cause of human death worldwide. The TB burden is high among developing nations of Asia and Africa. Major obstacles in controlling TB are patient’s non-compliance to the anti-tubercular therapy, co-infection with Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), low socioeconomic status, crowded living condition, inadequate rapid diagnostic testing facilities especially in resource-poor developing countries, delay in diagnosis and initiation of therapy, and the emergence of drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Multidrug-resistant (MDR-TB), extensively drug-resistant (XDR-TB), and total drug-resistant (TDR-TB) MTB strains are difficult to treat and are associated with frequent treatment failures and high mortality. The recent advent of molecular techniques inclu...
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