The Planning and Development of Two Moravian Congregation Towns: Salem, North Carolina and Gracehill, Northern Ireland (original) (raw)
1987
As an outward manifestation of their missionary activity, the Moravians developed the concept of the Gemein Ort or Congregation town. Planned around a village square, these communities contained a church or congregation house, a community store, an inn, schools, and various choir houses. These elements were arranged in a town plan that varied according to local conditions and the individual taste of each congregation. As the Moravians took their mission out of central Europe into new regions and continents, the plans of Congregation towns diversified. This is not the case, however, for two towns established during the middle of the eighteenth century. The villages of Salem and Gracehill were planned and constructed independently of one another, by two very different segments of the "renewed" Moravian church. Salem was built with the full cooperation and involvement of the church hierarchy, on land which had had little or no previous occupation. Gracehill was built as an af...
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