Hepatic Histopathological and Ultrastructural Alterations InducedBy 10 nm Silver Nanoparticles (original) (raw)
Related papers
Ciência e Técnica Vitivinícola
Silver nanoparticles (SNPs) are widely used in nanomedicine and consuming products. On the other hand, these particles may reveal a high potential risk for human health. The aim of this study is to investigate the hepatic alterations induced by the toxicity of variable sizes of SNPs. Male mice were subjected to a daily single dose (1mg/kg) of SNPs using five different sizes (10 nm, 20 nm, 40 nm, 60 nm and 100 nm) for 35 days. Liver biopsies from ice under study were subjected to histological and histochemical examinations. Silver nanoparticles provoked ground glass hepatocytes appearance, mitotic activity, apoptosis, nuclear alterations, hepatocytes degeneration, necrosis, Kupffer cells hyperplasia, sinusoidal dilatation and inflammatory cells infiltration. The findings indicate that SNPs can produce considerable hepatic alterations that might affect the functions of the liver, where 10 nm and 20 nm SNPs induced more damage to the hepatic tissue than the larger ones.
Toxicity Effect of Silver Nanoparticles on Mice Liver Primary Cell Culture and HepG2 Cell Line
Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR, 2014
Nano-silver (AgNP) has biological properties which are significant for consumer products, food technology, textiles and medical applications (e.g. wound care products, implantable medical devices, in diagnosis, drug delivery, and imaging). For their antibacterial activity, silver nanoparticles are largely used in various commercially available products. Thus, the use of nano-silver is becoming more and more widespread in medicine. In this study we investigated the cytotoxic effects of AgNPs on liver primary cells of mice, as well as the human liver HepG2 cell. Cell viability was examined with MTT assay after HepG2 cells exposure to AgNPs at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7.5, 10 ppm compared to mice primary liver cells at 1, 10, 50, 100, 150, 200, 400 ppm for 24h. AgNPs caused a concentration-dependent decrease of cell viability in both cells. IC50 value of 2.764 ppm (µg/mL) was calculated in HepG2 cell line and IC50 value of 121.7 ppm (µg/mL) was calculated in primary liver cells of mice. The resu...
Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, 2020
Sliver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are produced industrially and commercially available in recent time. Silver and its nanoparticles are widely applied to consuming medical purposes. Silver nanoparticles are able to resemble cellular components and typical proteins, which helps the nanoparticles to cross natural barriers in human body. For this reason, the current study was designed to investigate the damage caused by silver nanoparticles, especially in liver which is one of the most targeted organs of nanoparticles as a result of their accumulation and damages caused in various aspects such as tissue, functional ability and DNA of liver cells. 30 albino male rats were used for this study and were divided into 3 main groups. The first group represented control and a normal saline solution was given, while the second group was given silver nanoparticles at a concentration of 2 mg/kg of body weight, and the third group was given silver nanoparticles at a concentration of 3 mg/kg of body we...
Toxicological effects of silver nanoparticles in rats
African Journal of Microbiology Research, 2012
Toxicity of nanoparticles depends on chemical composition, atomic arrangement and particle size. Silver is being widely used in consumer medical products, due to its uniqueness such as antimicrobial activity. In this study, we assessed the toxic effects of size-silver nanoparticles 70 nanometer in rat's living tissues, with different doses such as 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg/kg body weight on kidney, liver and spleen tissues via oral gavage for 30 days. Adverse impacts on liver, spleen and kidney were observed in a high dose-treated group (1 and 2 mg/kg), when determined by histopathological analysis. Pathological examination showed tissue damages, bloodshed, cell necrosis and apoptosis from all rat in high dose group compared to control group. Based on these results, it is suggested that the effect of nanosilver particles on the tissues may cause organ toxicity in rats.
Toxicological Research, 2019
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been widely used in a variety of applications in innovative development; consequently, people are more exposed to this particle. Growing concern about toxicity from AgNP exposure has attracted greater attention, while questions about nanosilver-responsive genes and consequences for human health remain unanswered. By considering early detection and prevention of nanotoxicology at the genetic level, this study aimed to identify 1) changes in gene expression levels that could be potential indicators for AgNP toxicity and 2) morphological phenotypes correlating to toxicity of HepG2 cells. To detect possible nanosilver-responsive genes in xenogenic targeted organs, a comprehensive systematic literature review of changes in gene expression in HepG2 cells after AgNP exposure and in silico method, connection up-and down-regulation expression analysis of microarrays (CU-DREAM), were performed. In addition, cells were extracted and processed for transmission electron microscopy to examine ultrastructural alterations. From the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) Series database, we selected genes that were up-and down-regulated in AgNPs, but not up-and down-regulated in silver ion exposed cells, as nanosilver-responsive genes. HepG2 cells in the AgNP-treated group showed distinct ultrastructural alterations. Our results suggested potential representative gene data after AgNPs exposure provide insight into assessment and prediction of toxicity from nanosilver exposure.
Silver Nanoparticles Induced Multiple Organ Toxicity in Mice
The Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences and Applied Toxicology, 2019
Background: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are considered one of the most commonly used nanoparticles due to its broad antimicrobial activity. However, the toxic effects of nanoparticles on normal cells and living organs are still not fully determined. Objectives: the present study was designed to investigate the toxicity of silver nanoparticles on liver, kidneys, brain and spleen in mice and to explore the possible mechanisms behind it. Material and Methods: 16 male mice from local strain were randomly classified into (1) control group (2) silver nanoparticles treated group; mice were orally administered AgNPs (1mg/kg/day) for 28 days. Biochemical analysis for serum levels of liver transaminases, urea and creatinine, lipid peroxides, reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity and TNF-α were done in addition to histopathological examination for the four organs. Results: silver nanoparticles treated group showed significantly elevated serum levels of liver transaminases, urea and creatinine together with significant high levels of lipid peroxides and TNF-α with significant decrease in serum levels of reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant capacity. Histopathology of the organs revealed tissue damages in AgNPs treated group evidenced by disturbed organ architecture, congestion, increased inflammatory cells with signs of necrosis. Conclusion: administration of silver nanoparticles produced remarkable toxic effects to the liver, kidneys, brain and spleen of mice, probably via activation of oxidative stress and inflammatory processes in these organs.
Interactions of silver nanoparticles with primary mouse fibroblasts and liver cells
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 2009
Primary cells are ideal for in vitro toxicity studies since they closely resemble tissue environment. Here, we report a detailed study on the in vitro interactions of 7-20 nm spherical silver nanoparticles (SNP) with primary fibroblasts and primary liver cells isolated from Swiss albino mice. The intended use of silver nanoparticles is in the form of a topical antimicrobial gel formulation for the treatment of burns and wounds. Upon exposure to SNP for 24 h, morphology of primary fibroblasts and primary liver cells remained unaltered up to 25 μg/mL and 100 μg/mL SNP, respectively, although with minor decrease in confluence. IC 50 values for primary fibroblasts and primary liver cells as revealed by XTT assay were 61 μg/mL and 449 μg/mL, respectively. Ultra-thin sections of primary cells exposed to 1/2 IC 50 SNP for 24 h, visualized under Transmission electron microscope showed the presence of dark, electron dense, spherical aggregates inside the mitochondria, and cytoplasm, probably representing the intracellular SNP. When the cells were challenged with ∼1/2 IC 50 concentration of SNP (i.e. 30 μg/mL and 225 μg/mL for primary fibroblasts and primary liver cells, respectively), enhancement of GSH (∼1.2 fold) and depletion of lipid peroxidation (∼1.4 fold) were seen in primary fibroblasts which probably protect the cells from functional damage. In case of primary liver cells; increased levels of SOD (∼1.4 fold) and GSH (∼1.1 fold) as compared to unexposed cells were observed. Caspase-3 activity assay indicated that the SNP concentrations required for the onset of apoptosis were found to be much lower (3.12 μg/mL in primary fibroblasts, 12.5 μg/mL in primary liver cells) than the necrotic concentration (100 μg/mL in primary fibroblasts, 500 μg/mL in primary liver cells). These observations were confirmed by CLSM studies by exposure of cells to 1/2 IC 50 SNP (resulting in apoptosis) and 2× IC 50 ) cells (resulting in necrosis). These results clearly suggest that although silver nanoparticles seem to enter the eukaryotic cells, cellular antioxidant mechanisms protect the cells from possible oxidative damage. This property, in conjunction with the finding that primary cells possess much higher SNP tolerance than the concentration in the gel (∼20 μg/g), indicates preliminary safety of the formulation and warrants further study for possible human application.
Biochemical and morphological alterations caused by silver nanoparticles in Wistar rats
Journal of Acute Medicine, 2015
Objective: This study evaluated the biochemical effect of the oral administration of silver nanoparticles on some biochemical parameters and tissue morphology. Methods: Wistar rats of both sexes with an average weight of 160 ± 5 g were randomly assigned into four groups. Animals in Group 1 served as the control and received 0.5 mL of distilled water (drug vehicle). Those in Groups 2, 3, and 4 were administered with 10, 50, and 100 mg/kg body weight silver nanoparticles, respectively. The animals were sacrificed under slight anesthesia 24 hours after the last treatment. Results: Silver nanoparticle exposure in rats elevated the level of rat serum total cholesterol, triacylglyceride, free glycerol, low density lipoproteincholesterol, and bilirubin (p < 0.05) when compared with the control. The level of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol was depleted by nanoparticle exposure, whereas the atherogenic index rose. The levels of albumin, urea, creatinine, as well as activities of aspartate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase were decreased by the nanoparticles, whereas the total protein and alanine transaminase were inconsistently altered relative to the control. Furthermore, the nanoparticle treatment caused morphological lesions in rat cardiac, renal, and hepatic tissues relative to the control. Conclusion: We show evidence that silver nanoparticle potentiated biochemical changes predisposing to liver injury and cardiovascular disorder in rat.
Silver oxide nanoparticles induced toxicity: A histopathological study
Annals of Clinical and Analytical Medicine, 2020
Aim: The current study aimed to identify the toxic effects of oral ingestion of different doses of silver oxide nanoparticle, for 21 days, on the liver, kidney and muscle tissues of mice by histopathological examination. Materials and Methods: The nanoparticles of silver oxide (30-70 nm in diameter) were prepared by physical methods and administered orally to 3 experimental groups of BALB/c mice in the strength of 250, 375, and 500 mg/kg, respectively for 21 days. Liver, kidney, and muscle tissue specimens from control and nanoparticles exposed groups have been collected for histopathological evaluation. Results: The liver and kidney tissue of the mice fed with 500 mg/kg of silver nanoparticles revealed portal inflammation in the liver tissue and mild interstitial inflammation in the renal tissue. There is no histopathological evidence of any toxic effects in the other groups The muscle tissue from all experimental groups is unremarkable. Discussion: The dose, size of nanoparticles, duration, the route of exposure and limiting factors for nanoparticles induced toxic effects. Hence further studies with different variables regarding the nanoparticles exposure will be helpful for a better understanding of toxicity caused by nanoparticles.
Investigations of the Toxic Effect of Silver Nanoparticles on Mammalian Cell Lines
Journal of Nanomaterials, 2015
Silver nanoparticles are widely used for many applications. In this study silver nanoparticles have been tested for their toxic effect on fibroblasts (NIH-3T3), on a human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cell line (A-549), on PC-12-cells, a rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cell line, and on HEP-G2-cells, a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line. The viability of the cells cultivated with different concentrations of silver was determined by the MTT assay, a photometric method to determine cell metabolism. Dose-response curves were extrapolated and IC 50 , total lethal concentration (TLC), and no observable adverse effect concentration (NOAEC) values were calculated for each cell line. As another approach, ECIS (electric-cell-substrate-impedance-sensing) an automated method to monitor cellular behavior in real-time was applied to observe cells cultivated with silver nanoparticles. To identify the type of cell death the membrane integrity was analyzed by measurements of the lactate dehydrogenase releases and by determination of the caspase 3/7 activity. To ensure that the cytotoxic effect of silver nanoparticles is not traced back to the presence of Ag + ions in the suspension, an Ag + salt (AgNO 3 ) has been examined at the same concentration of Ag + present in the silver nanoparticle suspension that is assuming that the Ag particles are completely available as Ag + ions.