An integrated semiconductor device enabling non-optical genome sequencing (original) (raw)
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Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 2014
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Ion sensitive field-effect transistor in DNA sequencing application is gaining popularity because of its capability to work massive parallel sensor arrays, especially when integrated in CMOS technology fabrication with inherent scalability from silicon at low cost. This paper reviews methods used in the last decade to design different topologies of ISFET sensor array device for DNA sequencing. Non-idealities of CMOS ISFET device introduced and its compensation in terms of the device being more robust than the system. Application and design requirements of DNA sequencing based on ISFET have been extracted from the literature as a process flow for designers to use. Further, several recommendations mentioned as concluded from previous works that would be useful for future research. After the invention of ISFET by Bergveld, more review articles have been reported but not for specific applications. Hence, this paper will showcase the importance of ISFET application in terms of point-of-care diagnostics and may result in biosensors evolution.
High throughput DNA sequencing technologies have undergone tremendous development over the past decade. Although optical detection-based sequencing has constituted the majority of data output, it requires a large capital investment and aggregation of samples to achieve optimal cost per sample. We have developed a novel electronic detection-based platform capable of accurately detecting single base incorporations. The GenapSys technology with its electronic detection modality allows the system to be compact, accessible, and affordable. We demonstrate the performance of the system by sequencing several different microbial genomes with varying GC content. The platform is capable of generating 1.5 Gb of high-quality nucleic acid sequence in a single run. We routinely generate sequence data that exceeds 99% raw accuracy with read lengths of up to 175 bp. The utility of the platform is highlighted by targeted sequencing of the human genome. We show high concordance of SNP detection on the...
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A fully electronic medium density DNA micro array is presented using a CMOS process extended by gold electrodes. The chip provides 128 sensor sites, in-sensor site current-mode A/D conversion, peripheral circuitry including bandgap and current references, D/A-converters to provide electrode bias voltages, calibration circuitry, and a 6 pin interface for power supply and serial digital data transfer. I.
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This paper presents a microfabricated DNA chip for fully electronic, label-free DNA recognition based on capacitance measurements. The chip has been fabricated in 0.5-mum CMOS technology and it features an array of individually addressable sensing sites consisting of pairs of gold electrodes and addressing logic. Read-out circuitry is built externally using standard components to provide increased experimental flexibility. The chip
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DNA sequencing is a critical functionality in biomedical research, and technical advances that improve it have important implications for human health. Novel methods by which sequencing can be accomplished in more accurate, high-throughput, and faster ways are in development. Here, we review VLSI biosensors for nucleotide detection and DNA sequencing. Implementation strategies are discussed and split into function-specific architectures that are presented for reported design examples from the literature. Lastly, we briefly introduce a new approach to sequencing using Gate All-Around (GAA) nanowire Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (MOSFETs) that has significant implications for the field.
Optoelectronic DNA chip: high performance chip reading with an all-electric interface
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Reading of DNA chips is usually based on fluorescence labeling of hybridised target molecules. Combined with the use of confocal fluorescence scanners, this approach shows very high performances in terms of accuracy and sensitivity. However, fluorescence readers remain costly and cumbersome. This prevents the use of DNA chips as a decentralised testing tool. Electrical monitoring of hybridisation is one way to reduce the cost and size of the reader. However, the multiplexing of electric detection-based systems in a miniaturised form remains challenging.