Determination of Proximate, Phytochemicals and Minerals Composition of Amaranthus spp (original) (raw)
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Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences
This research work was carried out to determine the phytochemicals and elemental constituents present in the leaf and stem of Amaranthus spinosus. The atomic absorption spectroscopic analysis was carried out using the crushed dry plant materials while the extraction of the phytochemicals was carried out using methanol in a Soxhlet extractor. From the analysis done, the following elements were detected in the plant parts: cobalt, lead, manganese, nickel, copper, cadmium, magnesium, iron, chromium and calcium but nickel was found absent in the leaf. Some of these elements are beneficial to health. The phytochemical screening done indicated the presence of the following: alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids, volatile oils, proteins, and carbohydrates.
Preliminary phytochemical analysis of Amaranthus polygonoides
Phytochemicals are certain non-nutritive plant chemicals which have some disease preventive properties. The given five extract aqueous, chloroform , chloroform and ethyl acetate, Acetone and aqueous and n-butyl alcohol extracts of leaves of the fresh Amarathus polygonoides were screened for the presence of different phytochemical by standard procedure . The present study indicates that the fresh plant contains different classes of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids , steroids , flavonoids , tri terpenoids , anthraquinones , saponins , cardiac glycosides, tannins and reducing sugar . The presence of these secondary metabolites signifies the potential of Amarathus polygonoides as a source of therapeutic agent. Therefore,it is of interest to investigate the phytochemical constituents of the Indian medicinal plant Amaranthus polygonoides.
ʻʻEvaluation of Phenolic Compounds from .Amaranthus hybridus L. by Spectrophotometric Method.ʼʼ
IJCIRAS, 2018
The present study was undertaken to find out antioxidant content of leaves of Amaranthus hybridus. Collection of plant material were done from Melghat forest region, Dist.- Amravati, Maharashtra. Plants were identified with the help of the standard floras.1gm of leaves were used for determination of Phenolic compounds. Antioxidants have been reported to prevent oxidative damage caused by free radical and can be used in cardiovascular and anti-inflammatory diseases. Estimation of Bound Phenol, Total Phenol, Ortho-dihydric Phenol, Quinones, Tannins and Flavonol were done. Sufficient amount of phenolic compounds were observed in Amaranthus hybridus.
Phytochemistry and antioxidant activity of Amaranthus viridis L (Green leaf)
World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2021
Phytochemistry and antioxidant activity of Amaranthus viridis L (Green leaf) were undertaken with standard methods. The leaf sample after being screening for phytochemicals, contained tannins, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, phenolic compounds, proteins and anthraquinones at different concentrations. A further study using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometry (GC-MS) analytic method on the leaf sample revealed a total of twenty-two detailed compounds among which are 3-Hydroxy-N-methylphenethylamine, Erucic acid, n-Hexadecanoic acid, 1,2-Propanediol,3-chloro-, and Cystamine. 3-Hydroxy-N-methylphenethy lamine had the highest retention time; Erucic acid had the highest molecular weight while n-Hexadecanoic acid had the highest peal area. Most of the compounds have important applications in body care products and cosmetics, pharmaceutical or food industries. A. viridis leaf extract exhibited a better antioxidant activity against the ascorbic acid used as control in the pr...
Pharmacognostic Standardization and Phytochemical screening of Leaves of Amaranthus spinosus L
Pharmacognosy Journal, 2011
amaranthine and isoamaranthine, gomphrenin, betanin, b-sitosterol, stigmasterol, linoleic acid, 0.15% rutin and beta-carotene. [7-8] The present investigation deals with the study of some pharmacognostical characteristic of the leaves as a whole and in their powdered form. MATERIAL AND METHODS Collection and authentication of plant material The plant material was collected from the National Botanical Research Institute Garden, Lucknow and identified by a Taxonomist Dr. AKS Rawat with identification number CIF-RB-2-126-1. The leaves were separated, dried, coarsely powdered passed through sieve no 40 and stored in a closed container for further use. All reagents used were of analytical grade. Morphological and Microscopical analysis The macroscopical characters (size, shape colour, odour, texture, margin, base, apex and petiole) of the leaves were observed. Powder was identified with routine reagents to study the lignified cells, trichomes, stomata, fibers etc. Quantitative microscopy like measurement of Stomatal number, Stomatal index, Vein islet number, Vein termination
Phytochemical and Pharmacological potential of Amaranthus viridis L.– A Review
Medicinal plants are important in the traditional medicine and as well as modern pharmaceutical drugs. In traditional system of medicine various plant parts like leaves, flowers, stems, fruits, seeds, barks and even whole plants are used for the treatment. Traditionally the leaves, seeds, roots and entire plant of Amaranthus viridis Linn is used in the treatment of many diseases. Its uses include diuretic, analgesic, antipyretic, vermifuge, antiulcer antidiabetic, anti-cholesterolemic, laxative, asthma and veneral diseases. This review encompasses the available literature on Amaranthus viridis with respect to its pharmacognostic characters, physicochemical parameters, synopsis of pharmacological activities and traditional uses. This attempt provides a direction towards further research.
The present study was carried out for the analysis of dietary antioxidants viz phenolics and flavonoids from the leaves of A.caudatus which is an annual herb and a popular leafy vegetable. The antioxidant potency of the species was analysed in vitro by DPPH reduction test and by reducing power assay. The phenolic content was 2.98 GAE/g while flavonoid content was found to be 5.19 RUE/g. The in vitro antioxidant activities were found to be impressive by both the assay methods. RSA was found to be 41.6mg GAE/g by DPPH test. The IC50 value was found to be 490µl. Moreover preliminary phytochemical analysis showed the presence of saponin, tanin and terpenoid in methanolic extract.
Nutritional and chemical value of Amaranthus hybridus L. leaves from Afikpo, Nigeria
AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
The nutritional and chemical value of Amaranthus hybridus were investigated using standard analytical methods in order to assess the numerous potential of the plant leaves. The Proximate analysis showed the percentage moisture content, ash content, crude protein, crude lipid, crude fibre and carbohydrate of the leaves as 84.48, 13.80, 17.92, 4.62, 8.61 and 52.18%, respectively while its calorific value is 268.92 Kcal/100 g. Elemental analysis in mg/100 g (DW) indicated that the leaves contained sodium (7.43), potassium (54.20), calcium (44.15), Magnesium (231.22), Iron (13.58), Zinc (3.80) and phosphorus (34.91). The vitamin composition of the leaves in mg/100 g (DW) was-carotene (3.29), thiamine (2.75), riboflavin (4.24), niacin (1.54), pyridoxine (2.33), ascorbic acids (25.40) and-tocopherol (0.50). Seventeen amino acids (isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, cysteine, phenylalmine, tyrosine, threonine, valine, alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine, proline and serine) were detected. The chemical composition in mg/100 g (DW) for alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tannins, phenols, hydrocyanic acid and phytic acid were 3.54, 0.83, 1.68, 0.49, 0.35, 16.99 and 1.32, respectively. Comparing the nutrient and chemical constituents with recommended dietary allowance (RDA) values, the results reveal that the leaves contain an appreciable amount of nutrients, minerals, vitamins, amino acids and phytochemicals and low levels of toxicants.
NUTRITIONAL AND ANTI-NUTRITIONAL PROFILE OF SPINY AMARANTH (AMArAnthUS VIrIDIS LINN)
2011
Proximate composition, Amino acids profile, mineral content and antinutritional factors of tender leaves of Amaranthus viridis were evaluated using standard methods of analyses. The leaves had the following proximate compositions on dry weight (DW) basis: ash (21.05%), crude protein (35.11 ± 0.33%), crude lipid (5.26 ± 0.30%), crude fibre (14.04 ± 0.35%), available carbohydrate (24.54 ± 0.71%) and calorific value (530.34 ± 0.01 kcal/100g). The amino acids profile indicates that the leaves are good source of essential amino acids for adults. The leaves are rich in K, Mg, Fe, Mn and Cu when compared to their respective RDA values. Tannins (7,530.21 ± 5.21 mg/100gDW) and phytate (1,326.92 ± 16.57 mg/100gDW) were the plant’s predominant antinutrients while total oxalate (202.50 ± 6.50 mg/100gDW) and soluble oxalate (97.50 ± 3.75 mg/100gDW) were in appreciable concentration. The amounts of hydrogen cyanide (13.07 ± 2.38 mg/100gDW) and nitrate (25.35 ± 2.74 mg/100gDW) were below the criti...
GC-MS analysis and phytochemical screening of chloroform extract of Amaranthus viridis
J. Indian bot. Soc., 2022
Plant chemistry or Phytochemistry is a part of science, deals with chemical nature of the plant or plant products. Phytotherapy goes about as a wellspring of treating and working on specific infections by utilizing the useful impacts of restorative plants. Phytochemicals are the bioactive, regular chemical compounds, found in plants. The plant contains a wide assortment of compounds and they are comprehensively grouped into two kinds, primary and secondary constituents or metabolites. Primary constituents include chlorophyll, proteins, sugar and amino acids while secondary metabolites contain terpenoids, Saponins, Tannins, and alkaloids. Because of the presence of these secondary constituent's therapeutic plants show antifungal, antibacterial and against aggravation exercises. Various parts, for example, leaves, bark, seeds, roots, blossoms and cases of plants likewise have different quality and amount of dynamic constituent. Amaranthus viridis L. (Family Amaranthaceae) is distributed in the hotter regions of the planet. Moreover, the entire plant has pain relieving and against pyretic properties and is utilized for the treatment of torment and fever separately in customary or traditional frameworks of medication (Eluwa 1977). It is not easy to grow, supplement rich and underutilized pseudocereal that can assume a significant part in activities against hunger and lack of healthy sustenance that happen because of low precipitation conditions (Martha and Shimelis 2012). Amaranth has a high resistance to arid conditions and sterile soils where customary cereals can't be developed. As indicated by Monica et al. Amaranth has been promoted as a supernatural occurrence grain, a super grain, and the grain of things to come (Monica et al. 2012). A. viridis is perhaps of Asian beginning yet presently a cosmopolitan weed in the tropical and subtropical Abstract Plants have biological compounds which are utilized for treating different human ailments and furthermore assume a significant part in relieving. Amaranthus viridis is utilized as traditional medication in the treatment of fever, torment, asthma, diabetes, loose bowels, urinary problems, liver issues, eye issues and venereal sicknesses. Consequently, it is important to research the phytochemical constituents of the Indian therapeutic plant Amaranthus viridis. This study was intended to assess the phytochemical discoveries for the presence of Alkaloids, Coumarins, Steroids, Saponins, Tannins, Flavonoids, Phenols, and Terpenoids. The phytochemical profile of chloroform concentrates of leaves of Amaranthus viridis were dissected utilizing GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) technique.The leaves were dried, powdered, and extracted with chloroform by using Soxhlet apparatus, then subjected to GC-MS analysis by using Clarus GCMS-QP 2010 Ultra Gas chromatography. The unknown range was contrasted and that of the known by utilizing NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) information base, which uncovered the presence of various phytochemicals in the extract. The compounds are pharmacologically and naturally significant.