The Effects of Origanum Majorana on Oxidative Stress and Histopathology of Renal Tissue among Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats (original) (raw)
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Origanum majorana L. extract effects on kidney tissue in STZ-induced DM rats
2022
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by decreased insulin synthesis or increased blood glucose due to insulin resistance. In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective role of Origanum majorana L. on the biochemical parameters of rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ). Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats weighing 300-400 g were used. Rats were divided into 3 groups control, diabetes mellitus, and diabetes mellitus + Origanum majorana L. Citrate buffer was used i.p. in the control group. To induce experimental diabetes in rats, streptozotocin (60 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.). After 48 hours, rats with blood glucose values higher than 200 mg/dL were considered diabetic. Diabetic rats were divided into two groups. While the first group was not treated, the second group received 200 mg/kg of Origanum majorana L. extract for 6 weeks. In this study, Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), and creatinine values were measured in serum. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels were measured in kidney and liver tissues. It was found that AST, ALT, and creatinine values increased in diabetes and decreased significantly in the treatment group. MDA levels were increased and GSH values were decreased in diabetes. Origanum majorana L. treatment decreased lipid peroxidation and resulted in a significant increase in GSH levels. In conclusion, our findings show that Origanum majorana L. treatment has a protective effect against nephropathy in diabetes by preventing oxidative damage.
The present study was conducted to test the effect of Origanum Majoranum Extract (OME) of leaves on alterations induced in a model of type 2 diabetic rats. Adult male Wistar rats were fed high fat diet for 3 weeks and injected a single dose of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg) intraperitoneally to induce type 2 diabetic rats. Diabetic rats were given aqueous extract of OME in a dose of 20 mg/kg orally for 3 weeks. Changes in lipid profiles, glucose, insulin, expression of some genes related to glucose metabolism and histopathological changes in liver and kidney were examined. Administration of OME improved and normalized dyslipidemia recorded in type 2 diabetic rats together with reduction in glucose and insulin levels. OME induced up-regulation in gene expression of glucose [adiponectin and glucose transporter-2 (GLUT-2)] and lipid metabolism [lipoprotein lipase (LPL)]. Moreover, OME normalized histopathological changes occurred in liver and kidney of diabetic rats. OME decreased lipids accumulation in liver and kidney and increased regeneration of hepatic parenchyma and restored normal renal architecture with disappearance of fat droplets. In conclusion, OME improved dyslipidemia associated with type 2 diabetes through regulation of genes related to glucose and lipid metabolism.
British Journal of Nutrition, 2015
Type 1 diabetes (T1D), an autoimmune inflammatory disorder, develops as a consequence of pancreatic b-cell destruction and results in hyperglycaemia. Since current T1D therapy mainly involves insulin replacement, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of Origanum vulgare L. ssp. hirtum (Greek oregano) leaf extract rich in biophenols for the treatment of T1D. The phytochemical profile of methanolic oregano extract (MOE) and aqueous oregano extract (AOE) was determined by liquid chromatography/electrospray ion-trap tandem MS (LC/DAD/ESI-MSn), while their main compounds were quantified by HPLC with diode array detection. After establishing their potent in vitro antioxidant activity, the extracts were administered to C57BL/6 mice treated with multiple low doses of streptozotocin for diabetes induction. While prophylactic AOE therapy had no impact on diabetes induction, MOE reduced diabetes incidence and preserved normal insulin secretion. In addition, MOE scavenged reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and, therefore, alleviated the need for the up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes. MOE treatment specifically attenuated the pro-inflammatory response mediated by T helper 17 cells and enhanced anti-inflammatory T helper 2 and T regulatory cells through the impact on specific signalling pathways and transcription factors. Importantly, MOE preserved b-cells from in vitro apoptosis via blockade of caspase 3. Finally, rosmarinic acid, a predominant compound in MOE, exhibited only partial protection from diabetes induction. In conclusion, acting as an antioxidant, immunomodulator and in an anti-apoptotic manner, MOE protected mice from diabetes development. Seemingly, there is more than one compound responsible for the beneficial effect of MOE.
The current study aimed to investigate the antihyperglycaemic effect of aqueous extract of Origanum vulgare (oregano, OV) leaves in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rat. Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats showed significant (P < 0.05) increase in the levels of blood glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin, pancreatic amylase, liver and kidney weights /body weight ratios, urea, uric acid, creatinine and significant decrease in the levels of plasma insulin, liver and muscle glycogen and body weight. Oral administration of the aqueous extract of OV leaves (20 mg/kg) produced a significant decrease in blood-glucose levels, glycosylated haemoglobin, pancreatic amylase in STZ diabetic rats (P < 0.05) in comparison with standard drug Glibenclamide (GB) (0.9 mg/kg body weight). Treatment with the aqueous extracts of OV leaves decreased liver weights/body weight ratios in diabetic rats, while kidney weight/body weight ratios, urea, uric acid, creatinine levels were partially improved. Oral administration of the aqueous extract of OV leaves (20 mg/kg) improved the reduction in serum insulin, liver and muscle glycogen contents and body weight in STZ diabetic rats. The data in the present study may support the use of O. vulgare plants as traditional remedies for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
Traditional use, phytochemistry, toxicology, and pharmacology of Origanum majorana L
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2021
Origanum majorana L., is an aromatic and medicinal plant distributed in different parts of Mediterranean countries. This species is widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of many diseases such as allergies, hypertension, respiratory infections, diabetes, stomach pain, and intestinal antispasmodic. Aim of the review: This work reports previous studies on O. majorana concerning its taxonomy, botanical description, geographical distribution, traditional use, bioactive compounds, toxicology, and biological effects. Materials and methods: Different scientific data bases such as Web of Science, Scopus, Wiley Online, SciFinder, Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink were consulted to collect data about O. majorana. The presented data emphasis bioactive compounds, traditional uses, toxicological investigations, and biological activities of O. majorana. Results: The findings of this work marked an important correlation between the traditional use of O. majorana as an anti-allergic, antihypertensive, anti-diabetic agent, and its biological effects. Indeed, pharmacological investigations showed that essential oils and extracts from O. majorana exhibit different biological properties, particularly; antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, antiparasitic, antidiabetic, anticancer, nephrotoxicity protective, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-pyretic, hepatoprotective, and antimutagenic effects. Toxicological evaluation confirmed the safety and innocuity of this species and supported its medicinal uses. Several bioactive compounds belonging to different chemical family such as terpenoids, flavonoids, and phenolic acids were also identified in O. majorana. Conclusions: The results suggest that the pharmacological properties of O. majorana confirm its traditional uses. Indeed, O. majorana essential oils showed remarkable antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, nephroprotective, and hepatoprotective activities. However, further investigations regarding the evaluation of molecular mechanisms of identified compounds against human cancer cell lines, inflammatory
Proceedings of the YSU B: Chemical and Biological Sciences
Currently diabetes mellitus (DM) is a worldwide problem linked to hyper-glyce¬mia and has affected people both in developing and developed countries. DM is divided into Type 1 (T1DM) and Type 2 (T2DM). Moreover, the T2DM is the most prevalence form that encompasses a reduce responsiveness to insulin-sensitive cells or defects in insulin secretion. Exposure to chronic immobilization stress contributes to the development of hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia that can lead to cardiovascular complications. Herbs with hypoglycemic properties, especially Origanum vulgare L., would be useful in hyperglycemia treatment. Oral administration of aqueous extract showed significant effect on hyperglycemia and improving glucose tolerance. In addition, extract of O. vulgare reduced total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and vice versa increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and also decreased liver enzymes levels (alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotra...
Bollettino della Società italiana di biologia sperimentale, 2021
The present study aimed to evaluate the phytochemicals and the antidiabetic properties of Origanum floribundum aqueous extract. Phytochemical screening was conducted by using various standard procedures. Acute toxicity of the extract was determined by OECD guidelines 423. The antidiabetic activity of the plant was determined by alloxan-induced diabetes in Wistar albino rats. Data obtained showed the detection of various secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids in the extract. No mortality was observed during acute toxicity studies up to the dose of 2000 mg/kg. The aqueous extract presented the ability of reducing blood glucose levels. These findings indicated that Origanum floribundum aqueous extract had various phytopharmacological activities and thus it would be useful to isolate and characterize the compounds responsible for these bioactivities in the future.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the protective effect of ethanol extract of Andrographis paniculata (A. paniculata) on hyperglycemic mediated oxidative damage in the renal tissues of experimental diabetic rats and to determine the potential bioactive components of A. paniculata ethanol extract was scrutinized using GC-MS techniques. Diabetes was induced in rats by streptozotocin. Experimental period, the animal body weight, blood glucose, urea, serum proteins, cholesterol, antioxidant key enzymes and histological changes in kidneys were determined. The untreated diabetic and A. paniculata treated diabetic groups lost weight and consumed less quantity of food compared to the normal group. We noted decrease in blood glucose in the ethanol extract of A. paniculata treated diabetic group compared to normal and glibenclamide treated groups. The serum protein level was increase and cholesterol and urea levels were significantly (P<0.01) reduced in the A. paniculata extract treated group compared to the normal group. The levels of lipid peroxides in Plasma and kidney tissues were found to be elevated and kidney tissue enzymes of Superoxide dismutase, Catalase and Glutathione peroxidase were found to be decreased in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats when compared to normal. After treatment of A. paniculata, it brings back to significantly (P<0.01) near normal levels. Diabetes associated with marked histological changes in the kidney over a period of 32 days as revealed by tubular epithelial hypertrophy, glomerulosclerosis and glycogen accumulation. Treatment with A. paniculata extract afforded significant protection from renal damage whereas tubular damage was more pronounced in rats treated with glibenclamide. According to traditional indigenous medicinal systems of India this plant has got several medicinal effects without producing any severe side effects. This plant could be very well used as prevention of hyperglycemic complications and tissues damaging through the oxidation.