FULL TITLE ASP Conference Series, Vol. VOLUME, YEAR OF PUBLICATION NAMES OF EDITORS Solar origin of solar particle events detected by the Standard Radiation Environment Monitor of ESA (original) (raw)
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Context. We investigated the solar origin of Solar Particle Events (SPEs) which occurred during four time periods of the 23rd solar cycle with intense solar activity and were detected by the Standard Radiation Environment Monitor (SREM) onboard the INTEGRAL satellite. SREM is a second generation ESA particle radiation monitor, already flying onboard seven spacecraft. Aims. The present study attempts to establish the association of recorded SPEs by INTEGRAL/SREM with their solar sources and hence evaluate the potential of SREM units as an alarm system for hazardous SPEs.
Using a new set of space-borne particle monitors to investigate solar-terrestrial relations
2010
Context. We investigated the solar origin of Solar Particle Events (SPEs) which occurred during four time periods of the 23rd solar cycle with intense solar activity and were detected by the Standard Radiation Environment Monitor (SREM) onboard the INTEGRAL satellite. SREM is a second generation ESA particle radiation monitor, already flying onboard seven spacecraft. Aims. The present study attempts to establish the association of recorded SPEs by INTEGRAL/SREM with their solar sources and hence evaluate the potential of SREM units as an alarm system for hazardous SPEs.
Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2004
The solar flare occurred on 2 April 2001 is the biggest flare in the 23rd cycle of solar activity, which is companied by a big solar proton event. The study was made to this event by combining the observation results from SZ2/XD and CBERS-1/CBMC. SZ2 has the orbit with 400km height and inclination of 42 • , and CBERS-1 is a satellite with solar-synchronous orbit and 780km to the Earth surface. The results show that after this flare CBERS-1/CBMC detected the flare particles in the polar cap region and XD observed an increase of energetic electron flux near the latitude 42 • . Morphological analysis of the temporal and spatial variations of energetic particles after this flare indicates that particles in different regions have varied origins. Those in the polar cap region come from the Earth's open field lines and those in the auroral oval and mid-latitudes near 42 • are particles of the earth's outer radiation belt. Data analysis and comparison show that the intensity of Solar Proton Event is not proportional to the X-ray flux of the related solar flare. The response of energetic particles in the near earth space is not solely related with solar X-ray intensity.
New Astronomy, 2018
This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Highlights 76% SEP events associated with solar flares originate in the western hemisphere. SEP events associated CMEs are wider CMEs with average angular width 326 0. SEP events associated CMEs are biased towards negative acceleration. Mean starting frequency of SEP events associated type II burst is 10.9 MHZ. None of the SEP events occur before a solar flare and m-type II radio burst.
In Situ Data and Effect Correlation During September 2017 Solar Particle Event
Space Weather, 2018
Solar energetic particles are one of the main sources of particle radiation seen in space. In the first part of September 2017 the most active solar period of cycle 24 produced four large X-class flares and a series of (interplanetary) coronal mass ejections, which gave rise to radiation storms seen over all energies and at the ground by neutron monitors. This paper presents comprehensive cross comparisons of in situ radiation detector data from near-Earth satellites to give an appraisal on the state of present data processing for monitors of such particles. Many of these data sets have been the target of previous cross calibrations, and this event with a hard spectrum provides the opportunity to validate these results. As a result of the excellent agreement found between these data sets and the use of neutron monitor data, this paper also presents an analytical expression for fluence spectrum for the event. Derived ionizing dose values have been computed to show that although there is a significant high-energy component, the event was not particularly concerning as regards dose effects in spacecraft electronics. Several sets of spacecraft data illustrating single event effects are presented showing a more significant impact in this regard. Such a hard event can penetrate thick shielding; human dose quantities measured inside the International Space Station and derived through modeling for aircraft altitudes are also presented. Lastly, simulation results of coronal mass ejection propagation through the heliosphere are presented along with data from Mars-orbiting spacecraft in addition to data from the Mars surface.
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy, 2014
A short term variation of solar flare in nine months (January 2010 to September 2010) is presented. This paper review and analyze the correlation between radio flux strength measurement and solar flare in the X-ray region. The radio flux measurement data were taken from the National Research Council; Ottawa while hard X-ray emission observed by Royal Observatory of Belgium. The overall range of solar radio flux recorded in this study ranging from 68 x 10-22 Wm-2Hz-1 to 96 x 10-22 Wm-2Hz-1. As there was no class of an X of solar flare reported at all in this study, we can confirm that there are no major effects that happened on Earth and outer space such as Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) and solar storms. We concluded that the Sun shows a very minimum activity towards 24th solar cycle.
Solar flares, CMEs and solar energetic particle events during solar cycle 24
Advances in Space Research, 2018
We present here a study of Solar Energetic Particle Events (SEPs) associated with solar flares during 2010-2014 in solar cycle 24. We have selected the flare events (≥ GOES Mclass), which produced SEPs. The SEPs are classified into three categories i.e. weak (proton intensity ≤ 1 pfu), minor (1pfu < proton intensity< 10 pfu) and major (proton intensity ≥ 10 pfu). We used the GOES data for the SEP events which have intensity greater than one pfu and SOHO/ERNE data for the SEP event less than one pfu intensity. In addition to the flare and SEP properties, we have also discussed different properties of associated CMEs.
Analysis of multi-eruption solar energetic particle event on March 17-18, 2003
Proceedings of The 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2015)
on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) spacecraft observed three solar energetic particle (SEP) events in rapid succession (within ∼26 hours) from the same active region. The first event was weak and proton intensity enhancement was observed only below ∼25 MeV. No coincident coronal mass ejection (CME) was found, but the event can be associated with an impulsive Hα flare starting at 10:09 UT on March 17 at location S16W33 and with type III radio burst. The second particle event was associated with an X1.5-class X-ray flare starting on March 17 at 18:50 UT and a fast and wide (1020 km/s, 96 •) CME. The CME has been reported to be radio quiet. Enhanced proton intensities reached up to 60 MeV. The third SEP event occurred about 18 hours later on the tail of the second one, reached proton energies up to ∼60 MeV, and lasted for roughly 2 days at energies >10 MeV. The event was associated with another X1.5-class flare, fast and wide (1601 km/s, 206 •) CME, and decametric-hectometric type II radio burst. This last event was associated with a shock observed at the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) spacecraft on March 19. We analyse these particle events based on the velocity dispersion of the particles, helium-to-proton ratio, and the observed anisotropy of the particle intensities.
Solar Energetic Particle events are a manifestation of violent energy release processes occurring in the solar atmosphere. The European Space Agency (ESA) has developed the Standard Radiation Environment Monitor (SREM), which is capable of detecting SEP radiation threats for space instrumentation. In this work, SREM measurements were used to identify a number of SEP events during Solar Cycle 23. An exhaustive study to correlate these identified events to their generating sources has been attempted. We have used available space and ground based data and in particular cosmic ray data from the worldwide network of neutron monitors. Calculations of the characteristics and special features of the identified events, such as anisotropy, amplitude and spectra as well as their registered impact on Earth have been performed. Finally, we also present an initial effort of correlating estimated SREM fluxes with the ground based measurements and setting specific criteria.
X-ray flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) during very quiet solar activity conditions of 2009
arXiv (Cornell University), 2020
Solar flares (SFs) are sudden brightening observed over the Sun's surface which is associated with a large energy release. Flares with burst of X-ray emission are normally followed by a mass ejection of electrons and ions from the solar atmosphere called Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs). There is an evidence that solar magnetic field can change its configuration through reconnection and release energy, accelerating solar plasma causing SFs and CMEs. This study examines the SFs/CMEs data from SOHO and GOES satellites during the very low solar activity year of 2009 and moderately high solar activity of 2002. The results indicate that certain modifications in the existing mechanisms of generating SFs/CMEs would be necessary for developing more realistic forecast models affecting the space weather conditions.