Comparative Study of Chemical Composition of Artemisia Annua Essential Oil Growing Wild in Western Cameroon and Luxembourg by μ -CTE/TD/GC/MS (original) (raw)
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Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 2016
This study was conceived to investigate the composition of four essential oils (EOs) extracted by hydrodistillation from four parts (leaves, stems, leaves/stems, roots) of Artemisia herba-alba growing wild in the Center of Tunisia. For this, Artemisia herba-alba aerial and roots parts were shade dried with ventilation at room temperature. Then, plant different parts were cut into small pieces and subjected to hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus. The gas chromatography (GC) analyses were accomplished with a HP-5890 Series II instrument. The main results showed a total of 152 compounds detected and identified by GC and GC-MS and accounting for 91.3-99.7% of the whole oil. The four oils were characterized by the predominance of monoterpene derivatives (68.2-99.5%) and the major volatile constituent was α-thujone (18.2-45.5%). Qualitative and quantitative differences between the four essential oils have been noted for some compounds. The main compounds of leaves essential oil were α-Thujone (45.5%), β-Thujone (11.4%), trans-sabinyl acetate (10.1%), 1,8-Cineole (7.4%) and camphor (6.8%). α-Thujone (27.5%) was also the main compound in the essential oil of leaves/stems, followed by camphor (22.9%), 1,8-cineole (8.3%), β-thujone (8.2%) and camphene (5.6%). The essential oil of stems was dominated by α-Thujone (28%) followed by β-Thujone (11.4%) and chrysantenone (11%). In the essential oil of roots, α-thujone was less represented (18.2%), followed by camphor (14.6%) and curcumen-15-al (14.3%). It is important to mention that curcumen-15-al has been reported for the first time in Artemisia herba-alba oil Our results revealed avariability in the chemical composition and the yield of the EOs from Artemisia herba-alba. Moreover, curcumen-15-al is a new chemotype first found in Artemisia herba-alba from Tunisia.
Essential Oil Composition from Artemisia campestris Grown in Algeria
Aerial parts of Artemisia campestris (Asteraceae), collected in the flowering phase, from Boussaada region (Algeria) were analysed for their volatile components. The volatile fraction was isolated by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus for 3 h and analysed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The essential oil was obtained in a yield of 0.66% (v/dry weight). Fifty-eight components were identified representing 98% of the total oil. The main components were α-terpenyl acetate and α-pinene (19% and 18% respectively) followed by camphor (9%), camphene (8%), limonene and borneol (5% both).
Chemical variability of Artemisia herba-alba Asso essential oils from East Morocco
Chemical Papers, 2010
Chemical compositions of 16 Artemisia herba-alba oil samples harvested in eight East Moroccan locations were investigated by GC and GC/MS. Chemical variability of the A. herba-alba oils is also discussed using statistical analysis. Detailed analysis of the essential oils led to the identification of 52 components amounting to 80.5–98.6 % of the total oil. The investigated chemical compositions showed significant qualitative and quantitative differences. According to their major components (camphor, chrysanthenone, and α- and β-thujone), three main groups of essential oils were found. This study also found regional specificity of the major components.
2013
The intraspecific chemical variability of essential oils (50 samples) isolated from the aerial parts of Artemisia herba-alba Asso growing wild in the arid zone of Southeastern Tunisia was investigated. Analysis by GC (RI) and GC/MS allowed the identification of 54 essential oil components. The main compounds were b-thujone and a-thujone, followed by 1,8-cineole, camphor, chrysanthenone, transsabinyl acetate, trans-pinocarveol, and borneol. Chemometric analysis (k-means clustering and PCA) led to the partitioning into three groups. The composition of two thirds of the samples was dominated by athujone or b-thujone. Therefore, it could be expected that wild plants of A. herba-alba randomly harvested in the area of Kirchaou and transplanted by local farmers for the cultivation in arid zones of Southern Tunisia produce an essential oil belonging to the a-thujone/b-thujone chemotype and containing also 1,8-cineole, camphor, and trans-sabinyl acetate at appreciable amounts. Introduction.-Artemisia herba-alba Asso (Asteraceae) is a silvery-green, perennial dwarf shrub growing in semiarid and arid climates. This species is known as desert wormwood in English, armoise blanche in French, and chih in Arab, and it is characteristic of the steppes and deserts of the Middle East (Egypt and Israel), North Africa (Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco), and Southern Europe (Spain and Italy), extending into the Northwestern Himalaya [1]. In Tunisia, A. herba-alba is found from the mountains around Jebel Oust (Fahs) until the South of the country [2] [3]. The aerial parts of A. herba-alba are widely used in the traditional medicine to treat diabetes, bronchitis, diarrhea, and neuralgias [4-6]. The essential oil of this species is known for its disinfectant, anthelmintic, and antispasmodic therapeutic virtues [7]. Also the antibacterial and the antispasmodic activities of A. herba-alba essential oil from various chemotypes have been examined [8]. Moreover, the oil exhibited antileishmanial [9], spasmolytic [10], and antimutagenic activity against the carcinogen benzopyrene [11]. According to Lawrence [12] and Salido et al. [13], the aerial parts of A. herba-alba produce an essential oil characterized by a tremendous chemical variability. Various chemotypes have been reported in almost all the countries where A. herba-alba grows wild. Briefly, two types of oils could be distinguished: i) oils with a composition dominated by one major compound, i.e., camphor, a-thujone, b-thujone, chrysanthenone, chrysanthenyl acetate, or davanone, and ii) oils characterized by the occurrence at appreciable contents of two or more of these compounds.
Chemistry & Biodiversity, 2010
The intraspecific chemical variability of essential oils (50 samples) isolated from the aerial parts of Artemisia herba-alba Asso growing wild in the arid zone of Southeastern Tunisia was investigated. Analysis by GC (RI) and GC/MS allowed the identification of 54 essential oil components. The main compounds were b-thujone and a-thujone, followed by 1,8-cineole, camphor, chrysanthenone, transsabinyl acetate, trans-pinocarveol, and borneol. Chemometric analysis (k-means clustering and PCA) led to the partitioning into three groups. The composition of two thirds of the samples was dominated by athujone or b-thujone. Therefore, it could be expected that wild plants of A. herba-alba randomly harvested in the area of Kirchaou and transplanted by local farmers for the cultivation in arid zones of Southern Tunisia produce an essential oil belonging to the a-thujone/b-thujone chemotype and containing also 1,8-cineole, camphor, and trans-sabinyl acetate at appreciable amounts. Introduction.-Artemisia herba-alba Asso (Asteraceae) is a silvery-green, perennial dwarf shrub growing in semiarid and arid climates. This species is known as desert wormwood in English, armoise blanche in French, and chih in Arab, and it is characteristic of the steppes and deserts of the Middle East (Egypt and Israel), North Africa (Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco), and Southern Europe (Spain and Italy), extending into the Northwestern Himalaya [1]. In Tunisia, A. herba-alba is found from the mountains around Jebel Oust (Fahs) until the South of the country [2] [3]. The aerial parts of A. herba-alba are widely used in the traditional medicine to treat diabetes, bronchitis, diarrhea, and neuralgias [4-6]. The essential oil of this species is known for its disinfectant, anthelmintic, and antispasmodic therapeutic virtues [7]. Also the antibacterial and the antispasmodic activities of A. herba-alba essential oil from various chemotypes have been examined [8]. Moreover, the oil exhibited antileishmanial [9], spasmolytic [10], and antimutagenic activity against the carcinogen benzopyrene [11]. According to Lawrence [12] and Salido et al. [13], the aerial parts of A. herba-alba produce an essential oil characterized by a tremendous chemical variability. Various chemotypes have been reported in almost all the countries where A. herba-alba grows wild. Briefly, two types of oils could be distinguished: i) oils with a composition dominated by one major compound, i.e., camphor, a-thujone, b-thujone, chrysanthenone, chrysanthenyl acetate, or davanone, and ii) oils characterized by the occurrence at appreciable contents of two or more of these compounds.
Essential Oil Composition of Artemisia annua L. ‘Asha’ from the Plains of Northern India
Journal of Essential Oil Research, 2002
Chemical composition of the essential oils obtained from the aerial parts of Artemisia annua at vegetative, pre-bloom, bloom and post-bloom stages was determined using GC and GC/MS analysis. The yields of essential oil were 0.14%, 0.34%, 0.64% and 0.54% (w/w), respectively at different growth stages. A total of 67 compounds were identified. Oxygenated monoterpenes (39.0%-57.0%) constituted the main fraction of the oils followed by sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (11.8%-26.2%) and monoterpene hydrocarbons (4.2%-15.1%). The main compounds identified in all the analyzed samples were camphor (28.6%-31.7%), 1,8-cineole (2.1%-20.8%), germacrene D (3.8%-12.0%), β-caryophyllene (2.8%-6.9%), trans-β-farnesene (0.7%-4.5%), α-pinene (0.5%-2.4%), p-cymene (0.8%-2.3%) and terpinen-4-ol, (0.9%-2.1%). The results indicated considerable quantitative variations in both oil yield and chemical composition at different growth stages and artemisia ketone and artemisia alcohol were found to be absent in the oils.
Chemical Investigations of the Essential Oils of Some Artemisia species of Ethiopia
IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2013
The compositions of the areal parts of essential oils of Artemisia abyssinica, A. absinthium (Ariti), and A. annua have been studied. The oils were examined by GC, GC/MS, 1 HNMR, and 13 CNMR techniques.The total constituents of the oils 59%, 56%, and 44% have been identified from A. abyssinica, A. absinthium(Ariti), and A. annua respectively. The major components were yomogi alcohol and artemisia alcohol acetate for A. abyssinica; camphor,davanone and chamazulene for A. absinthium and camphor for A. annua. Four compounds were isolated from A. abyssinica and A. absinthium and their structure were elucidated based on spectroscopic techniques.
Essential Oil Composition of Artemisia herba-alba from Southern Tunisia
Molecules, 2009
The composition of the essential oil hydrodistilled from the aerial parts of 18 individual Artemisia herba-alba Asso. plants collected in southern Tunisia was determined by GC and GCMS analysis. The oil yield varied between 0.68% v/w and 1.93% v/w. One hundred components were identified, 21 of of which are reported for the first time in Artemisia herba-alba oil. The oil contained 10 components with percentages higher than 10%. The main components were cineole, thujones, chrysanthenone, camphor, borneol, chrysanthenyl acetate, sabinyl acetate, davana ethers and davanone. Twelve samples had monoterpenes as major components, three had sesquiterpenes as major components and the last three samples had approximately the same percentage of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. The chemical compositions revealed that ten samples had compositions similar to those of other Artemisia herba-alba essential oils analyzed in other countries. The remaining eight samples had an original chemical composition.
Essential Oil Composition of Artemisia Vulgaris Grown in Egypt
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2016
Objective: The objective of this research was to evaluate the significance of the plant's origin and to assess the essential oil composition of Artemisia vulgaris grown in Egypt simultaneously evaluating the effect of environmental conditions on essential oil composition.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2003
The volatile components of the aerial parts of Artemisia molinieri, an endemic wormwood of southern France, were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Among the 69 compounds identified, major components were ascaridole (19-76%), R-terpinene (traces-36%), p-cymene (1-17%), 1,8-cineole (0.3-8%), and germacrene D (0.6-15%). Quantitative variations have been characterized following the season, the phenological cycle, and the aging of the plants. Bioassays have been performed on a sample of essential oil, which has shown a strong inhibition of the growth of both tested yeasts (Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. chevalieri) and minor activity on both tested Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Enterococcus hirae). The oils have shown interesting antioxidant activities on the basis of R-tocopherol as reference compound, up to 400-1200%.