Evaluation of bread wheat genotypes for salinity stress based on seedling traits (original) (raw)
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In India about 6.73 million hectare land area is salt affected. Wheat is the second most important crop after rice in India and occupies approximately 28.5 million hectare area. In this investigation, we calculate several tolerance indices for salinity and its ability to understand which one or more predictor among studied indices based on correlation, principal component analysis and cluster analysis. Ten wheat genotypes were evaluated two successive growing seasons (2012-2014), with complete randomized design with three replications under both salinity stress and non-salinity to identify salt tolerant genotypes to the target environment. Multiple indices for salt tolerance were calculated based on the potential yield (Yp) under non-stress and yield (Ys) under stress conditions. The Ys and Yp showed highest significant and positive correlations with GMP, MP and STI among indices studied. Therefore, these indices were considered as a better predictor of Ys and Yp than TOL, SSI and YSI. Principal component (PCs) analysis classified the genotypes into two groups. The first two PCs with eigen values >1 contributed 99.73% of the variability amongst genotypes. PC1 accounted for about 4.85% of the variation in salt tolerance indices and PC2 for 4.12%. The first PC was related to Ys, Yp, MP, GMP, STI and YI whereas the second PC related to Yp, TOL and SSI. The cluster analysis sequestrated ten genotypes into three clusters based on Ward's method. According to results, salinity significantly reduced the yield of some genotypes while some were found to tolerant to stress indicating that sufficient genetic variability for salinity tolerance among the studied genotypes were present and the genotypes K72 and HUW570 can be recommended for cultivation in salt affected areas.
Assessment of Multiple Tolerance Indices for Salinity Stress in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Salinity is one of the major factors reducing plant growth and productivity worldwide, and affects about 7% of world's total land area. In India about 6.73 million hectare of land area is salt affected. Wheat is the second most important crop after rice in India and occupies approximately 28.5 million hectare area. Several tolerance indices comprising of mean productivity (MP), geometric mean productivity (GMP), stress tolerance index (STI), stress stability index (SSI), tolerance index (TOL), yield index (YI) and yield stability index (YSI) were calculated in this investigation for salinity and its ability to understand which one or more predictor among studied indices based on correlation, principal component analysis and cluster analysis. Ten wheat genotypes were evaluated two successive growing seasons (2012-2014), with complete randomized design with three replications under both salinity stress and non-salinity to identify salt tolerant genotypes to the target environment. Multiple indices for salt tolerance were calculated based on the potential yield (Yp) under non-stress and yield (Ys) under stress conditions. The Ys and Yp showed highest significant and positive correlations with GMP, MP and STI among indices studied. Therefore, these indices were considered as a better predictor of Ys and Yp than TOL, SSI and YSI. Principal component analysis classified the genotypes into two groups. The first two PCs with eigen values >1 contributed 99.74% of the variability amongst genotypes. PC1 accounted for about 5.24% of the variation in salt tolerance indices and PC2 for 3.74%. The first PC was related to Ys, Yp, MP, GMP, STI and YI whereas the second PC related to Yp, TOL and SSI. The cluster analysis sequestrated ten genotypes into two clusters based on Ward's method. According to results, salinity significantly reduced the yield of some genotypes while some were found to tolerant to stress indicating that sufficient genetic variability for salinity tolerance among the studied genotypes were present. It could be implicated in selection of salinity tolerant wheat genotypes for the development of bread wheat varieties.
Journal of Wheat Research, 2016
The aim of the present study was to identify new sources of salt tolerance on the basis of relative performance of multiple parameters with respect to salt tolerance indices at 10.0 dSm-1 in wheat. Ten bread wheat genotypes were evaluated in pots following completely randomised design for salinity tolerance (ECiw=10.0 dSm-1) imposed 21days after sowing (S1) and at the time of sowing (S2). In the present study Kharchia65, UP1109 and K9423 were found to be the most tolerant while HD2009 and AKAW4627 were salt sensitive among studied genotypes according to cluster analysis based on relative salt tolerance indices of multiple parameters. The differences among genotypes of bread wheat reflected important genetic variability under salinity, which can be further explored and used for the wheat breeding programs. Cluster analysis with multiple agronomic parameters simultaneously can facilitate rankings of salt tolerance of wheat genotypes.
Evaluation of some Bread Wheat Genotypes under Soil Salinity Conditions
Journal of Plant Production
The present study was carried-out at the Experimental Farm of Sakha Agricultural Research Station, during the two growing season 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 seasons to evaluate sixteen bread wheat genotypes including, 12 promising lines from the local breeding program in addition to four Egyptian cultivars (Giza 171, Sakha93, Sakha95 and Misr3) under normal and soil salinity conditions. The genotypes were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications in each condition. The results indicated significant decrease for most studied characteristics by soil salinity. Results based on cluster analysis indicated that Sakha 95 and Giza171 exhibited the highest grain yield under both conditions, moderate values for both yield reduction ratio and stress susceptibility index especially for Sakha 95, moderate values of physiological characters and protein content but they gave the lowest values of both wet and dry gluten contents. So, that Sakha 95 was considered to be moderate tolerant to soil salinity. Otherwise, Line 4, Line 10 and Misr 3 gave a moderate grain yield at both condition. However, there was insignificant difference in grain yield between Misr 3, Sakha 95 and Giza 171 under soil salinity. Also, Line 4, Line 10 and Misr 3 recorded lowest values for both yield reduction ratio and stress susceptibility index, maximum values for physiological characters and moderate values for quality characters. These genotypes considered as a tolerant genotypes to soil salinity and might be used as parents in breeding programs to produce new genotypes with desirable characters related to soil salinity tolerance.
Pakistan Journal of Botany, 2006
In two consecutive seasons (2007-08 and 2008-09), field experiments were conducted at Soil Salinity Research Institute, Pindi Bhattian and Biosaline Agricultural Research Station, Pakka Aana, Pakistan. During 2007-08, 103 wheat landrace genotypes were evaluated for salinity tolerance. During 2008-09, 47 selected genotypes were evaluated at the same locations. Combined analysis of both locations during both years revealed that genotypes differed significantly for plant height, dry biomass m -2 , fertile tillers plan -1 , spike length, grain spike -1 , 1000 seed weight and yield m -2 . Grain yield had strong positive correlation with plant height, dry biomass, spike length, spikelets spike -1 , grain spike -1 and 1000 grain weight. Due to this positive correlation, yield can be used as a selection criterion under saline field conditions. Accessions 10807 (Pak), 11299 (Pak), 11917 (Iran) and cultivars Pavon (Pak) performed better during both years. These genotypes could be effectively used as new sources of salt tolerance.
Evaluation of bread wheat genotypes for salinity tolerance under saline field conditions
African Journal of Biotechnology, 2011
In two consecutive seasons (2007-08 and 2008-09), field experiments were conducted at Soil Salinity Research Institute, Pindi Bhattian and Biosaline Agricultural Research Station, Pakka Aana, Pakistan. During 2007-08, 103 wheat landrace genotypes were evaluated for salinity tolerance. During 2008-09, 47 selected genotypes were evaluated at the same locations. Combined analysis of both locations during both years revealed that genotypes differed significantly for plant height, dry biomass m -2 , fertile tillers plan -1 , spike length, grain spike -1 , 1000 seed weight and yield m -2 . Grain yield had strong positive correlation with plant height, dry biomass, spike length, spikelets spike -1 , grain spike -1 and 1000 grain weight. Due to this positive correlation, yield can be used as a selection criterion under saline field conditions. Accessions 10807 (Pak), 11299 (Pak), 11917 (Iran) and cultivars Pavon (Pak) performed better during both years. These genotypes could be effectively used as new sources of salt tolerance.
EVALUATION OF WHEAT GENOTYPES FOR SALINITY TOLERANCE BASED ON AGRONOMIC TRAITS
Salinity stress is one of the important constraints to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production globally. Breeding for salinity tolerance using novel genetic resources is an important mitigation strategy. This study aimed to identify and select the best wheat genotypes that are tolerant to salinity stress and provide them to researchers and wheat breeders for more intense evaluation and screening. Twenty two wheat genotypes, as well as two commercial cultivars, were regenerated and evaluated for salinity tolerance. Highly significant effects were detected for the measured traits for years, genotypes and treatment under normal and salinity stress conditions over all the two years. Interaction between treatments and genotype and interaction between genotypes and years were highly significant for all studied characters overall the two years and conditions, except plant height. Genotypes 13, 14 and Giza 168 showed the highest grain yield (ton/ha) under normal soil over two seasons, Also, genotypes 19, 20 and Giza 168 showed the highest grain yield (ton/ha) under salinity soil. The highest SSI value was detected for genotype 14, followed by genotypes 15 and 10 which had the highest values. Based on STI, MP and GMP indices, Giza 168, genotypes 19, 7 and 21 had the highest values. Grain yield under normal conditions (YP) was significantly and positively correlated with an STI, MP, GMP, TOL and SSPI. Grain yield under salt-stressed (YS) was significantly and positively correlated with an STI, MP, GMP, YSI, YI and HM. These results suggest that indices, STI, MP and GMP were able to identify high-yielding wheat genotypes under both normal and salt-stressed conditions. Frist PC accounted for about 7.42% of the variation in salt tolerance indices and the second PC for 3.57% by using biplots genotypes 20, 19 and Giza 168 were identified as the most stable high yielding genotypes under salinity stress.
Selection of wheat genotypes for salinity stress tolerance
2020
The present investigation was carried out on seventy six genotypes of bread wheat including six checks with an objective to evaluate their salt tolerance and to estimate the genetic variability, correlation of different quantitative traits with grain yield per plant and among themselves, direct and indirect effects of various yield components towards grain yield and formulation of selection index for selection of superior genotypes. The experiment was carried out during rabi season at the Research Farm of RPCAU, Pusa. The observations were recorded on germination, early vigour, root: shoot ration, relative leaf water content, specific leaf weight, flag leaf area, plant height, number of productive tillers per plant, biological yield per plant and harvest index. The mean data with respect to these traits were subjected to statistical analysis. Variability existing in the genotypes were significant for all the characters under study except specific leaf weight. High estimates of pheno...
2021
In view of the great strategic importance of wheat as a global food crop besides, also the great damage it inflicts on it due to salt-stress, this study was launched as an attempt to understand the nature of this crisis and come up with clear scientific recommendations in this regard. The most important aspect of this investigation was evaluating of a set of wheat genotypes with different response to salt stress tolerance during conducting the selection process on some traits such as yield and its components besides, some physiological attributes and related to salinity tolerance such as osmotic adjustment, proline and glycine betaine contents under normal and salinity conditions. The wheat accessions divided into two group where, the first one included parents namely; Sakha 8, Shandweel 1, Masr 1, Giza 171, Sakha 94, Gimeaza 11 and Gimeaza 12, respectively. While, the second group was 21 F1 wheat crosses obtained from half diallel crossing among the seven wheat genotypes mentioned ...
Sustainability
The creation of salt-tolerant wheat genotypes can provide a basis for sustainable wheat production in areas that are particularly sensitive to the impacts of climate change on soil salinity. This study aimed to select salt-tolerant wheat genotypes that could serve as a genetic resource in breeding for salinity tolerance. A two-year experiment was established with 27 wheat genotypes, grown in salinity stress and non-stress conditions. Agronomic parameters (plant height, spike weight, number of grains per spike, thousand grain weight, and grain yield/plant) were analyzed in the phenophase of full maturity, while biochemical parameters (DPPH radical scavenging activity and total phenolic content) were tested in four phenophases. Grain yield/plant was the most sensitive parameter to salinity, with a 31.5% reduction in value. Selection based on salt tolerance indices (STI, MP, and GMP) favored the selection of the genotypes Renesansa, Harmonija, OraĊĦanka, Bankut 1205, KG-58, and Jugoslav...