Partitioning yeast diversity on biome, biotope, plot and species scales (original) (raw)

2014

Abstract

ABSTRACT Complete species recovery and robust species identification are both crucial for accurate biodiversity assessment of yeasts in the environment. We set out to analyse the relationship between species richness values in soils and sampling at several hierarchical levels: (i) different plots within a forest sampled in the same season, (ii) forests of the same type studied in the same season, and (iii) forests of the same type studied in different seasons. By using species richness estimations, we determined the adequate sampling effort in a habitat. Our results revealed that yeast communities in soils are: (1) generally species-poor in a single plot; (2) highly dissimilar between plots or across spatial and environmental transects; (3) globally diverse with up to 25% more species discovered with every new forest or season sampled; (4) understudied and may contain up to 20% hitherto undescribed species. Furthermore, we assessed species boundaries in several clades of Tremellomycetes and tested for the presence of cryptic species from the same environments using multi-locus sequence analysis (MLSA) approaches. Our results showed that ITS-LSU rRNA sequences are often unable to distinguish cryptic species and demonstrated the usefulness of network-based methods over tradi4onal phylogenetic trees for adequate species delimitation. This work was partly supported by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), projects PTDC/BIA- MIC/113051/2009, PTDC/BIA-BIC/4585/2012, PEst-OE/BIA/UI0457/2011.

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