Prevalence Of Osteoporosis And Osteopenia Among Pakistani Pre And Post Menopausal Women (original) (raw)
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DIET FACTOR (Journal of Nutritional & Food Sciences)
Osteopenia is regarded as a bone condition whereby its is observed that the Bone Mineral Density (BMD) is less than that of the mean value. however, it is not as low as Osteoporosis. Unfortunately Pakistan has become one of those countries which encounter the issues of Osteoporosis and Osteopenia among women which may or may not be influenced by dietary factors. Objectives: The objective of this study was to find the frequency of osteopenia among females and its relationship with dietary factors. Methods: It was an analytical and cross-sectional study. the research was carried out at Niaz Medicure Clinic in Faisalabad. The study was completed in 9 months from 18 October 2019 to 18 July 2020. Selection of the participants was based on Non probability purposive sampling. 323 females were taken for the study. The Bone Mineral Density was measured using Quantitative Ultrasound (QUS) machine. The factor dietary habits was taken into account for the study. Results: The results showed that...
Osteoporosis and sarcopenia, 2018
Objectives: An understanding of bone mineral density (BMD) pattern in a population is crucial for prevention and diagnosis of osteoporosis and management of its complications in later life. This study aimed to screen the bone health status and factors associated with osteoporosis in an apparently healthy Indian population. Methods: A retrospective review of medical records was done in a tertiary-care hospital for the subjects who had undergone preventive health-checkups that included BMD measurements at femur-neck, total-femur, and lumbar-spine. Results: We evaluated 524 subjects (age, 50.0 ± 12.4 years) including 41.2% female and 58.8% male subjects. Osteoporosis was present in 6.9% subjects (female, 11.1%; male, 4.2%) and osteopenia in 34% subjects (female, 40.3%; male, 29.9%). Absolute BMD was higher in male subjects (P < 0.001) compared to female subjects at all bone sites. Prevalence of osteoporosis increased with age in female subjects, but not in male subjects. Osteoporosis rates in the age-groups of 30e39, 40e49, 50e59, 60e69, and !70 years were 3%, 3.4%, 14.3%, 18.6%, and 36.4%, respectively in female subjects while prevalence in male subjects was 0%, 4%, 6.5%, 4.3%, and 5.6%, respectively, at lumbar spine. Height (r ¼ 0.234e0.358), weight (r ¼ 0.305e0.388), body mass index (r ¼ 0.143e0.285) and physical activity (r ¼ 0.136e0.153) were positively; and alkaline phosphatase (r ¼ À0.133 to À0.203) was negatively correlated with BMD (all P < 0.01) at all sites. These parameters retained significant correlation after controlling for age and sex. No correlation of serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin-D and calcium was noted with BMD (P > 0.05) at any site. Conclusions: Further data on absolute BMD, T scores, and prevalence rates of osteoporosis/osteopenia on multiple bone sites have been presented in this article.
Predicting the risk of osteopenia for women aged 40–55 years
Journal of the Formosan Medical Association, 2017
Background/purpose: Osteoporosis has been linked to an increased fracture risk and subsequent mortality in the later life. Previous prediction models have focused on osteoporosis in postmenopausal women; however, a prediction tool for osteopenia is needed. Our objective was to establish a prediction model for osteopenia risk in women aged 40e55 years. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 1350 Taiwanese women aged 40e55 years were recruited from a health checkup center from 2009 to 2010. The main outcome measure was osteopenia (À1 ! bone mineral density T-score > À2.5). Results: The Osteoporosis Preclinical Assessment Tool (OPAT) developed in this study was based on variables with biological importance to osteopenia and variables that remained significant (p < 0.05) in the multivariable analysis, which include age, menopausal status, weight, and alkaline phosphatase level. The OPAT has a total score that ranges from 0 to 7, and categorizes women into high-, moderate-, and low-risk groups. The predictive ability of the OPAT (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve Z 0.77) was significantly better than that of the Osteoporosis Self-assessment Tool for Asians (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve Z 0.69). The inclusion of serum total alkaline phosphatase level in the model, which is easy to obtain from routine health checkups, significantly enhanced the sensitivity (McNemar test, p Z 0.004) for detecting osteopenia in women aged 40e55 years.
Pakistan Journal of Health Sciences
In Pakistan, Osteoporosis and Osteopenia among women have become one of the most common problems of recent times.Towards the end of puberty, the skeletal mass grows at double the rate. As women age, their bone density decreases and declines even further during menopause. There are limited studies dedicated to the association of osteopenia with marital status and parity. Objectives: The objective of this research study was to find the frequency of osteopenia and its association with marital status and parity among female population aged 18-60 years old Methodology: It was a cross sectional as well as an analytical study which was conducted in Niaz Medicure Clinic Faisalabad. QUS machine was used to measure the BMD. Participants were selected on the basis of non-purposive sampling. Pregnant women and those with disability were excluded from the study. The ANOVA test was applied to the results and it was analyzed using the SPSS 24 software. Results: Osteopenia was relatively higher am...
Rising prevalence of Osteopenia in young and middle aged Men in South Mumbai-An Alarming Situation
Madridge J Behav Soc Sci., 2017
Background: Osteopenia is one of the common under-diagnosed medical conditions in males, with a prevalence of nearly 50% in India. Objective: To analyse the prevalence and associations of Osteopenia in men in South Mumbai. Design: Observational cross sectional study Setting: A 345-bed, multi-specialty, tertiary care hospital and research centre. Participants: 200 males visiting the 'Executive Health Check-up' department without the history of fractures were evaluated. Measurements: The Bone Mineral Density of the subjects was measured on Dualenergy X-ray absorptiometry, based on the T-Spine and T-Hip values. The subjects were also evaluated clinically and biochemically. Results: The prevalence of osteopenia was observed to be 55%, and the prevalence of osteoporosis was 15.6%. There is a significant positive correlation (p<0.05) of T-Hip and Prolactin levels, and of T-Hip and TSH levels. Conclusion: The alarming prevalence of osteopenia in young and middle-aged men in a metropolitan city in India is of great concern to the public health, which may in the future result in increased occurrence of osteoporosis, leading to greater burden on the health economy.
Prevalence and Predictors of Osteoporosis and Osteopenia in Postmenopausal Women of Punjab, India
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2022
The prevalence and predictors of osteoporosis and osteopenia remain to be examined in the postmenopausal women of Punjab, India. The present cross-sectional study screened 1628 postmenopausal women during September 2019 to March 2020. Osteoporosis and osteopenia were confirmed on the basis of T-scores using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at the hip (femoral neck) and lumbar spine regions (L1–L4 vertebrae). The prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia was observed to be 30.50% and 44.20%, respectively, in postmenopausal women of Punjab. In univariable and multivariable regression analysis, variables independently influencing the risk of osteoporosis and osteopenia were: higher systolic blood pressure (95%CI: 1.22–3.11 & 1.08–2.49), triglyceride levels (95%CI: 1.21–3.10 & 1.42–2.51), poor sleep quality (95%CI: 1.91–2.47 & 1.76–3.47) and C-reactive protein levels (95%CI: 2.18–3.56 & 1.03–2.18). Years since menopause >10 years was observed to be an independent predictor for ...
Clinical and Research Journal in Internal Medicine, 2021
Background: Many factors can cause changes in bone mass density (BMD) in women with postmenopausal osteopenia. Aim: Determine factors associated with changes in BMD in postmenopausal women with osteopenia with the most influential risk factors within 1 year. Methods: Survey was conducted on 38 patients who were included in the inclusion criteria with a cross-sectional study analysis and had BMD data for the last 2 years, body mass index, and conducted interviews for physical activity, age of menopause, and duration of menopause. Blood samples were also taken to check total calcium levels, vitamin D levels and estrogen levels. Finally, patients are followed for up to 1 week for daily nutrition records. The relationship between these factors and changes in BMD was analyzed using Pearson's or Spearman's test. The analysis result was considered significant if p<0.05. Results: There was no significant relationship between body mass index, menopause duration, physical activity,...
Osteopenia and Osteoporosis Among 16–65 Year Old Women Attending Outpatient Clinics
Journal of Community Health, 2014
Women living in developing countries are more prone to osteoporotic fractures than women in developed countries. The objectives of this study were to estimate the burden of osteopenia and osteoporosis and examine their correlates among Bangladeshi women. This cross-sectional study consisted of 500 women aged 16-65 years attending gynecology and family planning clinics of a tertiary hospital which cares urban/suburban low income population in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured at the lumbar spine and femoral neck using dual X-ray absorptiometry. We calculated T scores based on sex-matched reference data from Caucasian women provided by the manufacturer. Osteoporosis was defined as a BMD at either site more than 2.5 standard deviations (SD) below the young healthy adult woman mean while the osteopenia was defined as a BMD between 1 and 2.5 SD below the mean as suggested by the World Health Organization. Separate multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to examine the correlates of osteopenia/osteoporosis among 16-45 and 46-65 year old women. Overall, 43.6 and 5.5 % of 16-45 year old women, and 40.7 and 41.8 % of 46-65 year old women had osteopenia and osteoporosis based on T scores either of the two sites (lumbar spine or femoral neck), respectively. Body mass index was negatively associated with osteopenia/osteoporosis at both lumbar spine and femoral neck, while age was positively associated. The burden of osteopenia/osteoporosis is very high in Bangladeshi women which warrants appropriate interventional strategies to minimize future fractures and reduce related social and economic burden of the society.
PREVALENCE OF OSTEOPENIA AND OSTEOPOROSIS IN WOMEN USING DUAL ENERGY X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY SCAN
Background: There is lack of official scientific data on prevalence osteopenia and osteoporosis for all age groups of females around the globe which keeps the health authorities from taking adequate measures to prevent the community from microfracture and reporting to the emergency department with fractures of femur neck, spine and radius. Our objective was to calculate the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in pre-menopausal and postmenopausal women of Pakistan using Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) Scan. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi. Women aged 25-85 years were randomly selected and divided into pre-menopausal (Group I) and postmenopausal (Group II) using proformas filled from patients' history. Each group was subdivided into normal (pre A, post A), osteopenic (pre B, post B) and osteoporotic (pre C, post C) groups by DXA Scan. Number of females in each subgroup were divided by total number of females in each group and multiplied by hundred to get the point prevalence in percentage. Results: In pre-menopausal Group I, prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis was 12.9% and 43.5% respectively, while 43.5% women were normal. In postmenopausal Group II prevalence of osteopenia was 42.6% and osteoporosis was 29.2%, while 28% were normal. Conclusion: Osteopenia is equally prevalent in women of Pakistan irrespective of menopausal status whereas osteoporosis is found to be more prevalent in postmenopausal compared to pre-menopausal women.