COMPOSITES FROM NATURAL FIBRES (original) (raw)
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A Review on Natural Fibre-Based Composites-Part I
Journal of Natural Fibers, 2004
Natural fibre-based composites have been intensely studied in the last years due to their specific properties and their clearly positive environmental impact. Other advantages of using vegetable fibres are related to their economical production and processing, their safe handling and working conditions. Therefore, lignocellulosic natural fibres constitute an interesting alternative to traditional synthetic fibres in composite materials. This work is intended to present an overview of the main results presented in literature on this topic, focusing the attention on the fibres properties in terms of physical and chemical structure, thermal and mechanical properties. Some aspects related to the production of vegetable fibres for composites are also presented.
Natural Fibre Composites and Their Applications: A Review
Journal of Composites Science
There is significant work published in recent years about natural fibres polymeric composites. Most of the studies are about the characterization of natural fibres and their comparison with conventional composites regarding mechanical behaviour and application performance. There are dozens of types of natural fibres with different properties influencing their use, or not, in specific industrial applications. The natural origin of these materials causes, in general, a wide range of variations in properties depending mainly on the harvesting location and conditions, making it difficult to select the appropriate fibre for a specific application. In this paper, a comprehensive review about the properties of natural fibres used as composite materials reinforcement is presented, aiming to map where each type of fibre is positioned in several properties. Recent published work on emergent types of fibres is also reviewed. A bibliometric study regarding applications of natural fibres composi...
Natural fibre based composites
Natural fibres have been used to reinforce materials for over 3000 years. More currently they have been employed in combination with plastics. Many types of natural fibres have been investigated for use in plastics including flax, hemp, jute, sisal and banana. Natural fibres have the advantage that they are renewable resources and have marketing appeal. These agricultural wastes can be used to prepare fibre reinforced polymer composites for commercial use. Application of composite materials to structures has presented the need for the engineering analysis the present work focuses on the fabrication of polymer matrix composites by using natural fibres like coir,banana and sisal which are abundant nature in desired shape by the help of various structures of paterns and calculating its material characteristics(flexural modulus, flexural rigidity, hardness number,% gain of water) by conducting tests like flexural test, hardness test, water absorption test, impact test, density test, and their results are measured on sections of the material and make use of the natural fibre reinforced polymer composite material for automotive seat shell manufacturing.
Treatments of Natural Fibre as Reinforcement in Polymer Composites-Short Review
Functional Composites and Structures
The demand for environmental awareness, preserving nature and being beneficial for societal economics has attracted the attention of many researchers and industries to examine the potential usage of natural fibers. There are a lot of beneficial natural fiber sources in a wide range of applications in the composites industry. It is worth mentioning that the performance of natural fiber-reinforced composites can be tailored through a certain natural fiber treatment, and hybridization by employing an appropriate number of synthetic fibers or with other natural fibers. In addition to cost-effectiveness balance, a balance between environmental impacts and desired performance can be achieved by designing the composite based on the product requirements. Yet, certain drawbacks such as incompatibility with the hydrophobic polymer matrix, hydrophilic nature and the tendency to absorb moisture during processing greatly reduce the potential of natural fibers to be used as reinforcements in polymer composites. In this short review, the main results presented in the literature are summarized, focusing on the properties and challenges of natural fibers, the processing behavior of natural fiber treatments, and paying attention to the use of physical and chemical treatments for the improvement of fiber-matrix interaction as reinforcement for polymeric matrices (thermoplastics, thermosets and biodegradables). Hemicellulose Cellulose Lignin Therrmal degradation Hemicellulose Non crystalline celulose Crystalline cellulose Lignin Biological degradation Figure 1. Factors contributing to the diverse properties of natural fiber. This leads to lightweight composites being made. The demand for the commercial use of natural fiber-based composites in various industries, such as automobiles, aerospace and civil, has been increasing, as many reports have been released [4, 5]. The current usage of the word 'biodegradable' for natural fiber composites does in fact mean the use of natural fuels in the polymer sector and, as a result of the reduced operation of plastic burning, reduces reliance on oil supplies and emissions of greenhouse gases [6-8]. The definition 'natural fiber' includes all fiber forms present in plants (cellulose fibers), animals (protein fibers) and minerals that exist in nature (asbestos, chitin and chitosan). Flexible materials with a broad aspect ratio and high tensile strength can also be known as natural fibers. While fibrous materials are abundant, including cotton, wood, grain and straw in particular being cellulosic, not all materials are available for use in textiles or other industrial fibers. Apart from the economic viewpoint, the qualities of weight, softness, elasticity, abrasion resistance and surface characteristics drive the adequacy of a fiber for business purposes [9, 10]. The physical and mechanical properties of certain natural fibers, such as fiber structures, cellulose composition, the intrinsic angle and degree of polymerization, are dictated by their chemical and physical composition [11-13]. Swelling of the fibers because of the moisture accumulation is the major disadvantage of natural fibers, creating poor linkage to the composite fiber matrix [14, 15]. Natural fibers are inherently less mechanical than synthetic fibers. A key drawback in the production of high-performance materials is their low mechanical properties. Several mechanical approaches were found, including changes in interfacial attachment, physical handling, chemical composition and natural fiber-synthetic fiber hybridization. Hybridizing natural fibers, in order to overcome the drawbacks of the other kind of fibers, leads to the synergistic effect of hybridized fibers. The use of all fibers to build a hybrid fiber-reinforced composite structure provides a feasible balance between higher material properties and the environmental advantages of natural fibers. The effective arrangement of structural numbers also enhances the material properties of the hybrids. The use of reinforcing hybrid fibers has been found to be a practical alternative to standard synthetic construction materials for structural applications [16, 17]. In this way, a proper composite material design will balance costs, efficiency and sustainability. Figure 1 shows the factors contributing to the performance of biocomposites originated from natural fibers.
A Review on Natural Fibre-Based Composites—Part II
Journal of Natural Fibers, 2005
Natural abundance, much higher strength per unit weight than most inorganic fillers, lower density and their biodegradable nature make natural fillers attractive as reinforcements of engineering polymer systems. However, certain drawbacks such as incompatibility with the hydrophobic polymer matrix, the tendency to form aggregates during processing and poor resistance to moisture greatly reduce the potential of natural fibres to be used as reinforcements in polymers. In this review, the main results presented in literature are summarized, focusing on the processing behaviour and final properties of natural fibres with polymeric matrices (thermoplastics, thermosets and biodegradables) and paying attention to the use of physical and chemical treatments for the improvement of fibre-matrix interaction and composite mechanicaln properties. This work mainly focuses on the use of natural fibres for automotive applications.
PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS OF COMPOSITES REINFORCED WITH NATURAL FIBERS – A BRIEF REVIEW (Atena Editora), 2023
The current concern on the environmental appeal provides a search for the development of eco-friendly materials that are applied in the most diverse areas of knowledge. In this scenario, natural lignocellulosic fibers (NLFs) are highlighted, because in comparison to conventional synthetic fibers they have several advantages, such as lower density, biodegradability and abundant availability, cause low damage to equipment. Additionally, their wastes do not pollute the environment. These characteristics make them a promising alternative for use as reinforcement in composite materials. There is a growing interest on the part of the academic community in investigating the properties presented by composites reinforced with natural fibers (CRNFs), thus generating a high number of published works related to this topic. Various methodologies are investigated with the aim of causing a significant improvement in the properties presented by the CRNFs, such as fiber surface treatments, manufacturing processes or processing temperatures. The properties presented by these composites are directly dependent on the matrix, the fiber reinforcement and the interface region between these phases. CRNFs are growing in number and degree of applications, being observed in different areas such as civil construction, naval, military, medical, fashion, automobile and several others, where all of them need materials that exhibit exceptional properties allied to low weight. The present work intends to present an up dated brief review on CRNFs, where due emphasis are given to the manufacturing methods, properties and main applications for these materials.
Development of Natural Fiber Composites and its Analysis
2018
1,2,3,4 Undergraduate Students, Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune, India 5Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract – In the present scenario of fast growing world, the problem of depleting resources is a major concern for mankind. Also the extraction techniques of some materials lead to environmental pollution and thus the need for alternative material development has taken a major leap in the recent years. This has led to the development of composite materials and especially natural fiber composite materials. The natural fibers provide added advantage over their synthetic counterparts in terms of durability as well as sustainability. The present paper focuses on the development of banana fiber and jute fiber composites, their analysis and also a brief comparison...
Comparative analysis of natural fibres characteristics as composite reinforcement
Industria Textila
Due to environmental concerns, natural fibre development is essential, and its utilization has recently attracted more attention. The use of jute, hemp, linen, sisal, and banana fibres in textile production is widespread around the world. Additionally, these fibres are widely accessible in many countries, including Pakistan, India, China, Turkey, and the United States. The objective of this study is to compare the physio-mechanical characteristics of the aforementioned natural fibres. All of these fibres were obtained locally. Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the surface morphology of these natural fibres, and the results revealed that banana and sisal fibres are hollow in comparison to other fibres. A single fibre tensile testing apparatus was used to evaluate the mechanical characteristics. Banana and sisal fibres demonstrated the highest breaking strength and elongation, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to investigate the functional g...