Skin adnexal neoplasms--part 1: An approach to tumours of the pilosebaceous unit (original) (raw)
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Morphological perspective of skin adnexal tumours: A case series
Indian Journal of Pathology and Oncology, 2023
Adnexal or appendageal tumours of skin comprise an important subcategory of cutaneous neoplasms, although thorough understanding of this entity is still in its early stages. The role of immunohistochemistry in diagnosis is particularly limited, and, it is morphology that actually guides pathologists for clinching diagnosis. Here, we present three uncommon cases of skin adnexal tumours- a case of retiform trichoblastoma, trichilemmal carcinoma and sebaceous carcinoma; especially highlighting the morphological approach of diagnosis and the associated clinical implications based on literature review. Keywords: Skin tumour, Sebaceous carcinoma, Histopathology.
Clinico-pathological study of skin adnexal tumours in a tertiary care hospital
IP Archives of Cytology and Histopathology Research
Background: Skin adnexal tumours are heterogenous group of uncommon tumours having distinct histological features. They have varied clinical presentation and morphological differentiation towards one or more types of adnexal structures found in normal skin. The aim of this study was to study the different histomorphological patterns of appendageal tumours and correlate them with clinical presentations. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of three year duration of all cases clinically diagnosed to be appendageal tumours and confirmed by histopathology in our department. The tumours were classified according to their differentiation after a detailed histopathological examination in haematoxylin and eosin sections. Results: The total number of cases in the study were 43,in which 28 were males and 15 females. Most of the tumours (97.7 %)were benign and there was only one case sebaceous carcinoma. The majority of the tumours had an eccrine differentiation (30.9%), nodular hidradenoma among them being the most common lesion (20.9%). Trichilemmal cyst (30.2%) constituted the maximum cases of pilar origin. Conclusion: Skin adnexal tumours are relatively rare with benign ones being more common than the malignant tumours. Proper clinical correlation and histopathological study helps in reaching a correct diagnosis.
International Journal of Research in Dermatology, 2019
Skin adnexal tumors are those neoplasms that arise from pilosebaceous units, eccrine sweat glands or apocrine sweat glands, and these tumors are classified into four groups that exhibit histologic features analogous to hair follicles, sebaceous glands, eccrine and apocrine glands. 1 These tumors are derived from multipotential undifferentiated cells present within the epidermis or its appendageal structures and the histologic features of a tumor are related to the activation of molecular pathways responsible for forming the mature adnexal structure. 1 Vast majority of appendageal tumors are benign and most of the benign skin adnexal tumors are asymptomatic papules or nodules and often difficult to diagnose clinically. However anatomic location, number and distribution of lesions provide important clue. 2 Multiple lesions are a reliable clinical clue to the benign nature of the condition. They are however confirmed by histopathology and immuno histochemistry may help in confirmation of the diagnosis. 3 Head neck region is unique because of its rich distribution of pilosebaceous apparatus, apocrine as well as eccrine sweat glands. It has also been previously documented that ATs predominate over head neck area. 4
IP Innovative Publication Pvt. Ltd., 2017
Abstract Objectives: To study the clinical spectrum and histopathological features of suspected skin tumors, analyze the concurrence rate between the clinical and histopathological diagnoses and highlight the role of histopathology in diagnosing skin tumors. Materials and Method: Suspected skin tumours are as a routine biopsied for histopathological examination. A retrospective study was conducted from the documented data available over a period of 8 months in the department of dermato-venereoleprology at a tertiary care centre. A total of 65 patients with suspected skin tumors had undergone skin biopsy for histopathological examination after clinical evaluation. Sections had been stained with hematoxylin and eosin for basic study and immunohistochemistry in difficult cases. Results: Out of 65 clinically suspected cases, only 59(90.7%) were skin tumors; among them, clinical diagnosis correlated with histopathological features in only 35(53.8%) patients. In 19(29.2%) cases, HPE was needed for accurate diagnosis and 5(7.69%) patients needed Immunohistochemistry in addition. The most common age group was 18-35 years. The male female ratio was 1.2 1. The majority of lesions were located on the head and neck (34 cases; 57%) and the least on the vulva (1 case; 1.6%). Benign tumors were mostly soft tissue and adnexal tumors, the most common being neurofibroma; malignant lesions included basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and mycosis fungoides. Conclusion: Histopathological examination is crucial to arrive at the correct diagnosis of clinically suspected skin tumors; this study emphasizes its pivotal role in the accurate diagnosis of skin tumors.
A clinico-histopathological study of cutaneous appendageal tumours
IP innovative publication pvt. ltd, 2019
The cutaneous appendageal tumors are an ideal subject for study from clinical and morphological point of view and so ubiquitous that they can affect people of all age group A histopathological study of 100 cases of cutaneous appendageal tumors was carried out at tertiary care hospital over 18 months. A Total 95 cases were benign and 5 cases were malignant tumors, constituting 95.0 % p<0.01 and 5.0 % p>0.01 respectively. Sweat gland tumors were the most common manifestation (79.0% ) p<0.01, followed by hair follicle tumors (20%) and eccrine duct tumors 1(1%). Male and female ratio was 27:73. The commonest affected body site was head and neck region . The mean age was 36.58 1.22 years . Out of 95 cases of benign tumors, syringoma accounted for 48% (48), trichoepithelioma12 p<0.01, eccrine hydrocystoma (11) p<0.01 ,trichofolliculoma, Apocrine hydrocystoma and nodular hidradenomaeach (4)p>0.01. Total (39) p<0.01 are correlating both clinically and histopathologically and (61) p<0.01 are not correlating clinically and histopathologically. Summing of the results concludes that ,the diagnosis of skin tumors presenting with unique difficulties in correlation with wide variety of tumors . Histopathological study is one of the most valuable means of diagnosis in dermatopathology and the diagnosis of skin tumors can be done by correlating clinical features, gross and histological appearances.
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2015
Adnexal skin tumors aptly termed "troublesome tumors" by Cotton D, 1 pose a major diagnostic difficulty to both the surgeon and the pathologist. The bewildering array of differentiation they display and the ever-expanding list of entities add further to the confusion. 2 Tumors of the pilosebaceous apparatus can occur as single-lineage neoplasms or may manifest as complex proliferations with multilineal differentiation patterns. Eccrine and apocrine neoplasms present a bewildering array of morphologies, which often defy precise classification. 3 A large majority of skin adnexal tumors are benign and for most part complete excision is curative. A malignant counterpart of almost every Skin adnexal tumors has been ABSTRACT Background: Skin adnexal tumors are a rare, assorted group of tumors with differentiation towards hair follicle, sebaceous glands or sweat glands. A vast majority of them are benign. But for every benign adnexal tumor, a malignant counterpart exists. Many histological subtypes of these malignant tumors been described, but only in short series or individual case reports. So, not much is known about their incidence or prognosis simply because of the limited number of cases available for analysis. This study was undertaken to contribute towards this less traversed area of dermatopathology. Methods: In the present study, a total of 60 cases with a histopathological diagnosis of skin adnexal tumors were studied. The slides and blocks were retrieved from the archives and were reviewed and were reclassified and subtyped as per WHO classification of skin tumors, 2006. Results: Among the 60 cases of adnexal tumors documented and reviewed over the four year study period, 17 cases of malignant adnexal tumors were encountered. Of these, 10 (58%) were tumors with eccrine or apocrine differentiation, 5 (29%) were of follicular differentiation and two (12%) were of sebaceous differentiation. Mammary paget disease (MPD) was the most frequent malignant tumor encountered both overall and among the tumors with eccrine and apocrine differentiation. Other tumors encountered in their order of frequency were Malignant proliferating trichelemmal tumor, apocrine carcinoma, sebaceous carcinoma and extramammary paget disease, trichelemmal carcinoma and eccrine carcinoma. These tumors were evaluated with regard to their age, site, gender distribution, clinical characters and histopathological features. Conclusion: Malignant adnexal tumors are extremely rare with indistinct clinical characteristics. They are locally aggressive, and have the potential for nodal involvement and distant metastasis, with a poor clinical outcome. A high index of suspicion is necessary to establish a diagnosis in most cases.
A clinico-histopathological study on skin appendageal tumors
Journal of Pathology of Nepal, 2016
Background: Skin Appendageal tumors are a large and diverse group of tumors that are commonly classified according to their state of appendageal differentiation: follicular, sebaceous, eccrine and apocrine. Objectives of this study were to study the clinic-epidemiological profile of skin appendageal tumors and to correlate the clinico-histopathological diagnosis.Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective and prospective study which included all cases of skin adnexal tumours diagnosed histologically during the period of f
Background: Skin Adnexal Tumours (SATs) are large and divergent group of tumours which are classified based on their appendageal differentiation into eccrine,follicular,sebaceous and apocrine.They pose daunting diagnostic challenges to both clinicians and pathologists alike.This study aims to evaluate the histopathological charecterestics of skin adnexal neoplasms and correlate with their clinical profile.
Skin Adnexal Tumors: A study of 26 cases
2020
Background: Skin adnexal tumours are a category of rare tumours. They usually present as painless nodules and papules. The diagnosis of these tumours poses a challenge, because there is usually a discrepancy in clinical and histopathological diagnosis. Aims: To study the skin biopsies received in our department and compare their clinical and histopathological diagnosis. Material and Methods: Prospective study of skin biopsies received in our department over a period of 1 year. The biopsies were processed and stained with haematoxylin and eosin and studied under the light microscope. Results: Out of the 26 cases studied, 25 were found to be benign tumours with a single case of keratoacanthoma. The most common tumour encountered was pilomatricoma and the least common was syringoma. Only four cases showed clinical correlation with histopathological diagnosis. Conclusion: It can be therefore concluded that skin adnexal tumours are rare tumours which need histopathological examination fo...