Solar Penetration Analysis Techniques for Photovoltaic Energy and Smart Grid Management (original) (raw)
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Sustainability
Solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation is distinct from conventional power generation systems. It is vital to comprehend the effect of an expanded control system on solar PV generation. This article discusses the advancement made to the module, which is critical to PV and electric power systems, to achieve a high PV penetration in the smart grid system. The first zone initiates the solar power energizing transformation, which transfers a controlled energy load to a grid system. The descriptive subsections consider the accessibility of electronic inverters, solar PV energies, and grid concepts, as well as their realizability. As a result, a case study was considered, where various scientists around the world participated, discussion ensued, and future suggestions were made. Finally, practical conclusions were drawn from the investigations. This paper infers that the improvement of appropriate methods is fundamental to the viability and effectiveness of overseeing a high infiltratio...
Solar Energy Integration into Smart Grids: Challenges and Opportunities
London United Kingdom: Andromeda Publishing and Academic Services LTD., 2024
Solar energy, one of the fastest-growing renewable resources, holds immense potential for transforming global energy systems. However, its seamless integration into smart grids introduces complex technical and regulatory challenges. This research critically examines the integration of solar energy into smart grids, focusing on the multifaceted challenges and opportunities associated with enhancing grid efficiency, ensuring stability, and navigating regulatory frameworks. Data were meticulously gathered from 10 pioneering smart grid projects across 5 distinct regions over 12 months at the College of Engineering, Lamar University, USA, from June 2023 – June 2024. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study combines rigorous quantitative analysis of grid performance data with in-depth qualitative interviews of 30 industry experts. Key metrics include energy efficiency improvements, grid stability fluctuations, and storage capacity challenges. The integration of solar energy led to a remarkable 28% increase in grid efficiency and an 18% reduction in carbon emissions across the evaluated projects. Nonetheless, 72% of the grids faced significant voltage instability due to the intermittent nature of solar power, and 65% required substantial investments in advanced storage technologies to ensure reliability. Moreover, 75% of stakeholders cited inadequate policy support as a key barrier to broader solar integration. Solar energy integration into smart grids offers transformative opportunities for enhancing energy sustainability. However, addressing technical barriers such as intermittency, investing in storage solutions, and fostering more progressive regulatory environments is imperative for realizing its full potential.
Real Time Dynamic Analysis of Solar PV Integration for Energy Optimization
2020
Currently, electricity production in Oman depend on non-renewable energy resources such as oil and gas. However, there are some limitations and challenges using these sources, as they are non-renewable energy resources, they may not be available in the future. Besides, they are harmful to the environment and contribute to global warming. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the use of renewable energy resources like solar energy for electricity generation, because they require are clean and ecofriendly. Oman is one of the most important countries in the world for the real application of solar energy as it has appropriate geographical and environmental characteristics. This study considered real time dynamic analysis of integrating solar PV in the Sultanate of Oman grid network. The analysis was done for three periods considering the months in the begining, middle and end of the considered year of the study. The meteoroligical monitoring system for solar PV plants platform was used...
International Journal on Electrical Engineering and Informatics
The technological development and the decline of PV investment have resulted in the rapid growth of PV power plant. However, the power generated from the PV power plant can not be controlled because it depends on the natural state of the sun. Therefore PV only supplies power during the day. Consequently, the demand load supplied by the thermal generator becomes smaller during the day with greater PV penetration. When the penetration is too large, there is a possibility of a thermal generator scheduling failure. This paper presents a study of the permissible photovoltaic (PV) power penetration related to generation scheduling by considering system and generator units constraints. The unit commitment problem is solved using Mixed Integer Quadratic Programming (MIQP). PV power plants with various sizes are put into the system until the algorithm fails to find a unit commitment solution. The infeasible solution of unit commitment problem occurred at PV penetration 69% due to the load ramping needed by the system at certain hours is higher than the maximum ramping capability of the thermal generator unit.
Some of the adverse impacts of high photovoltaics (PV) penetration on the power grid are an increasing number of tap operations, over-voltages, and large and frequent voltage fluctuations and PV power ramps. However, the inability to create realistic PV input profiles with high spatial and temporal resolution make the results of prior studies questionable. This report proposes a unique method to realistically investigate these impacts and assess a feeder's hosting capacity using (1) high resolution PV generation profiles with sky imagers, (2) quasi-steady state distribution system simulation, and (3) five distribution models created from data provided by a Californian utility. Solar penetration levels, defined as peak PV output divided by peak load demand, are varied from 0% to 200%. The distribution system state was simulated over 3 contiguous months in December 2014-March 2015. The following conclusions were derived: (1) the impacts of high PV penetration depend strongly on the feeder topology and characteristics; (2) the use of a single PV generation profile overestimates the number of tap operations up to 70% due to an overestimation of power ramp rates and magnitudes. Thus multiple realistic profiles should be used for distribution system analyses.
Solar Power Analyzer: A Physical and Cyber System for Solar Energy Computation
International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science, 2018
The electricity requirements of the world are increasing at alarming rate and the power demand has been running ahead of supply. It is now recognized that the fossil fuels (i.e. coal, petroleum and natural gas) and other conventional resources, presently being used for electricity generation may not be sufficient to keep pace with the demands. Another major disadvantage of fossil fuels is environmental degradation .The burning of fossil fuels in conversion to energy creates waste of H2O and CO2. CO2 being a greenhouse gas is major cause of global warming. All this facts promote us to use renewable energy resources (Solar energy, Wind energy etc.). Amongst all, the most sustainable renewable resource is solar energy which is free, clean and inexhaustible. Solar panels are responsible for converting solar energy into electricity. The advantages of employing the photovoltaic cells include no production of pollutants during operation, silent, long lifetime and low maintenance. The only ...
Photovoltaic Penetration with MILP Method and Technical Minimum Loading Consideration
Jurnal Nasional Teknik Elektro dan Teknologi Informasi
Technological development and the reduction of installation costs have caused a rapid growth of solar power plants in Indonesia. The National Electricity Company (Perusahaan Listrik Negara, PLN) strives to achieve the energy mix of renewable energy to 23% by 2025. Solar power plants are unique in that they only supply their power during the daytime. It makes solar power plants connected to the power system change the load profile of the Java-Bali system. In this study, the penetration of solar power plants changed the scheduling of the Java-Bali system because the penetration was installed to the technical minimum loading of existing power plants. When penetration is too big, thermal generator scheduling failure is possible. Unit commitment and economic dispatch with mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) method using CPLEX and Python were carried out to calculate the fuel and generation costs per kWh before and after the penetration. MILP was used to solve the cost fuel equation, ...
2011
Due to the rapid increase in deployment and high penetration of solar power generation worldwide, solar power generation forecasting has become critical to variable generation integration planning, and within utility and independent system operator (ISO) operations. Utilities and ISOs require day ahead and hour ahead as well as intra-hour solar power forecasts for core operations solar power producers and energy traders also require high quality solar power forecasts. As a result of the erroneously perceived simplicity of solar radiation forecasting, very often non-repeatable, poorly explained or obscure estimates of solar power forecast performance are used. This creates uncertainty with the quality of forecasting service, as well as unrealistic expectations of possible forecast precision. As a result, there is an immediate need for defining a common methodology for evaluating forecast performance, establishing verification procedures, and setting common standards for industryappro...
Future Challenges and Mitigation Methods for High Photovoltaic Penetration: A Survey
Energies, 2018
Integration of high volume (high penetration) of photovoltaic (PV) generation with power grids consequently leads to some technical challenges that are mainly due to the intermittent nature of solar energy, the volume of data involved in the smart grid architecture, and the impact power electronic-based smart inverters. These challenges include reverse power flow, voltage fluctuations, power quality issues, dynamic stability, big data challenges and others. This paper investigates the existing challenges with the current level of PV penetration and looks into the challenges with high PV penetration in future scenarios such as smart cities, transactive energy, proliferation of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), possible eclipse events, big data issues and environmental impacts. Within the context of these future scenarios, this paper reviewed the existing solutions and provides insights to new and future solutions that could be explored to ultimately address these issues and improve the smart grid's security, reliability and resiliency.