Research Letter: Unmet Need for Hypertension Treatment in India: Evidence from Hypertension Drugs Market Data (original) (raw)
Related papers
Hypertension: prescription audit in a tertiary care hospital in India
International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 2015
Background: The present study was conducted to analyze the prescribing patterns and utilization of antihypertensive drugs at a tertiary care center in India. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of prescriptions of patients of essential hypertension attending outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital during the period of December 2011 to March 2012 was done. Hypertensive patients with comorbidities were excluded from study. The data were analyzed to fi nd out demographic characteristics of patients, number of drugs prescribed per prescription, drugs, which are commonly prescribed, antihypertensive drugs used concurrently, percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name and over all drug utilization frequency. Results: During the study period, 465 prescriptions for hypertension were analyzed. This study revealed that most of the patients were on combination of antihypertensive drugs (67.97%) while 31.18% patients received mono therapy. Among mono therapy drugs, calcium channel blockers (CCB) (31.03%) were prescribed most. Utilization of other major drug classes as mono therapy in decreasing order is angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitors (28.28%), diuretics (17.93%), beta-blockers (11.72%) and angiotensin receptor blockers (10.34%). Among those who were treated with drug combinations, 64.24% received 2-drug, 25.95% received 3-drug regimen and 8.54% received 4-drug regimen. In combination therapy, 2-drug combination consisting of a CCB and a diuretic was most commonly (24.14%) prescribed. Conclusions: This study represents the current prescribing patterns for antihypertensive drugs and provides the baseline data for similar studies in future, as patterns in prescribing antihypertensive drugs keep changing.
Pattern of drugs prescribed for treatment of hypertensive patients: Bangladesh
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 2016
The exponential increase in patients with hypertension puts an enormous burden on healthcare providers. To describe the trends in the prescription of antihypertensive medication in a tertiary care hospital, Bangladesh is the objective of the study. This is a hospital based descriptive cross sectional study conducted at the Medicine outpatient Department in Dhaka Medical College Hospital. Patients more than 20 years of age suffering from Hypertension were included in the study. Data was collected by interviewing using a semi-structured questionnaire and analysed by computer with the help of SPSS 16. A total hundred patients were included in the study and 61.6% patients were prescribed on single drug and 38.4% patients were prescribed on combined therapy. Among the prescriptions having single anti-hypertensive medication most commonly used drugs are Angiotensin Receptor Antagonist (37.3%), Calcium Channel Blocker (32.8%), and ACE Inhibitor (17.9%), Beta Blocker (6%), Alpha Blocker (3%), Thiazide and non-Thiazide Diuretics 1.5% each. Among the prescriptions having combined drug therapy Angiotensin Receptor Blocker along with Calcium Channel Blocker and Calcium Channel Blocker along with Beta Blocker were equally (28.1%) chosen by the physicians and use of Angiotensin Receptor Blocker along with Diuretics was 25%, ACE Inhibitor with Calcium Channel Blocker 3.1%, ACE Inhibitor with Diuretics 3.1%, Thiazide and Non Thiazide Diuretics was 3.1% and other drugs were used for 9.5%. Pattern of using antihypertensive medications varies according to presence of co-morbidities and duration but does not vary significantly between male and female patients.
Objective: Hypertension is the most common condition seen in primary care and leads to myocardial infarction, stroke, renal failure, and death if not detected early and treated appropriately. A large number of antihypertensive drugs alone or in various combinations are available, and physicians need to choose most appropriate drug for a particular patient. Pharmacoeconomic and drug utilization studies at regular intervals help physicians to prescribed rational drugs with high efficacy along with minimal cost. Methods: The prospective observational study was conducted at Seth H. J. Mahagujarat Hospital from July to December 2013. 250 hypertensive patients, attending medicine outpatient department were included for drug utilization study and 100 hypertensive patients, attending in patients department were included for pharmacoeconomics analysis during the study period. Result: The most frequently prescribed antihypertensive drug as monotherapy, as combination therapy and in fixed dose combinations was calcium channel blocker (Amlodipine). Generic drugs showed same efficacy as brand drug, but both drugs were significantly differed in the prize. Among 100 inpatients admitted for the hypertensive condition in general ward total of direct medical cost was 65.19% and total of indirect medical cost was 34.81%. β-blocker and diuretics were the most effective therapy which is followed by the clonidine, envas (Enalapril), and then, amlodipine. Conclusion: We concluded from this study that use of β-blockers and diuretics were most cost-effective for the hypertensive patients in this study.
Study of prescribing patterns of antihypertensives in South Indian population
International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 2014
INTRODUCTION Hypertension affects approximately 972 million people, 333 million in economically developed countries and 639 million in economically developing countries in 2000 and is expected to 156 billion in 2025. 1 Epidemiological studies demonstrate that the prevalence of hypertension is increasing rapidly among Indian urban and rural populations. Prevalence of hypertension in India is reported to vary from 4% to 15% in urban and 2-8% in rural population. 2,3 Hypertension increase with signifi cant age, obesity, lifestyle, smoking, and alcohol use. These related factors in prevalence of essential hypertension were seen. 4 Poor control of this high prevalent disease can lead to the development of ischemic heart disease (IHD), stroke, diabetes and chronic renal failure. This situation is graver in our country since with modernization, we are trading healthy traditional diets for fatty foods; physical jobs for desk bound once and calm rural life for stressful city life. Thus after being referred the diabetic capital; India is also slated to become the hypertension capital. If hypertension left untreated about 50% of the patients will die of coronary, 33% of cerebrovascular stroke, 20% of diabetes and 10-15% chronic renal failure. Therefore, it is important to control the elevated Blood Pressure (BP). 5
To investigate which antihypertensive drug is the most popular prescription amongst Physicians
Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 2021
Background:Globally, hypertension has been recognized as a main health problem for under developed as well as developed countries. It can also be defined as a non- transmittable illness due to its high rate of death and delay in early diagnosis, it is called “silent killer”. There are limited research findings available in Pakistan forassessing it’sprevalenceand no latest researches are carried out. Objective: The main goal of current research is to investigate which antihypertensive drug is the most popular prescription amongst Physicians. Material and Methods:It was a cross sectional descriptive studyperformed at the pharmacologysection, Lahore Medical and Dental College (LMDC). All adult participants (20 ≥ 50 ≤ years) for the period of11thto 20th April 2017.After taking informed permission from all the participants were enrolled. A questionnaire was used to collect the dataand analyzed by using SPSS 20. A comparative test was used to compute results. Results:50 participants were ...
Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2022
Background: In last 2 decades, there have been substantial changes in the utilization patterns of antihypertensive medicines following new clinical trials and the introduction of new treatment guidelines. The aim of this study was to analyze utilization and prescribing patterns regarding antihypertensive medicines in the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina during an 11years follow-up according to national and European treatment guidelines. Methods: In this retrospective, observational study, medicine utilization data were analyzed between 2009-2019 period using the ATC/DDD methodology and expressed as the number of DDD/1,000 inhabitants/day (DID/TID). The medicine utilization 90% (DU90%) method was used for determine the quality of prescribing. Results: During the observed period, the use of antihypertensive medicines increased more than 3-times (125.97 DDD/TID in 2009 vs 414.95 DDD/TID in 2019), corresponding to a rise in the prevalence of hypertensive patients from 91.7/1,000 to 186.3/1,000 in the same period. This was mainly driven by increased use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors with 241.69%, beta blockers with 146.87%, calcium channel blockers with 251.55%, and diuretics with 178.95%. Angiotensin receptor blockers were the fastest growing group of antihypertensive medicines in this period and their utilization increased nearly 40 times. Conclusions: The overall antihypertensive medicines utilization was largely influenced by national and ESH/ESC guidelines and strongly corresponded to the positive medicine list of the national health insurance fund. Antihypertensive medicines utilization is comparable with medicine utilization trends in other countries.
A Study Using the Defined Daily Dose Method to Evaluate the Use of Antihypertensive Medications
International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research, 2023
The DDD concept is a method for quantifying a drug. Drug use in terms of DDD aids in converting the number of pharmaceuticals readily available into medically significant units and in estimating the number of people who have been exposed to a specific drug or class of drugs. In a hospital setting, the unit DDD per 100 bed-days suggests the proportion of inpatients that may receive a DDD. DDD in antihypertensive medications helps to track down prescription drug usage and examine drug usage trends. A 6-month prospective and observational study was conducted to assess the drug utilisation of antihypertensives. In this study we found that Diuretics were commonly prescribed antihypertensives. Furosemide and Spironolactone were mostly prescribed antihypertensives as single therapy, while Telmisartan+Hydrochlorothiazide was commonly prescribed as combination therapy. Propranolol was over utilised antihypertensives with 187.82 DDD/100bed-days and 1.74 PDD:DDD ratio.
A review on prescribing patterns of antihypertensive drugs
Hypertension continues to be an important public health concern because of its associated morbidity, mortality and economic impact on the society. It is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and renal complications. It has been estimated that by 2025, 1.56 billion individuals will have hypertension. The increasing prevalence of hypertension and the continually increasing expense of its treatment influence the prescribing patterns among physicians and compliance to the treatment by the patients. A number of national and international guidelines for the management of hypertension have been published. Since many years ago, diuretics were considered as the first-line drugs for treatment of hypertension therapy; however, the recent guidelines by the Joint National Commission (JNC8 guidelines) recommend both calcium channel blockers as well as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors as first-line drugs, in addition to diuretics. Antihypertensive drug combinations are generally used for effective long-term management and to treat comorbid conditions. This review focuses on the antihypertensive medication utilization, their cost factors, adherence to treatment by patients, and physicians' adherence to guidelines in prescribing medications in different settings including Indian scenario. The antihypertensive medication prescribing pattern studies help in monitoring, evaluation and necessary modifications to the prescribing habits to achieve rational and cost-effective treatment. Additionally, periodic updating of recommended guidelines and innovative drug formulations, and prescription monitoring studies help in rational use of antihypertensive drugs, which can be tailored to suit the patients' requirements, including those in the developing countries.
International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 2019
Background: Hypertension is a public health problem worldwide. Elevated systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg are defined as Hypertension. The choice of an antihypertensive drug is based on its efficacy, side-effects, effects on other systems and cost. The objective of this study is to evaluate the prescription pattern of antihypertensive drugs in a private health care centre.Methods: A retrospective observational study was carried out in the out-patient department of a private health care centre, Chennai from November 2018 to December 2018.Results: In the present study, 104 prescriptions were selected based on the inclusion criteria. In which 62 (59.61%) were males and 42 (40.38%) were females. Prescriptions belonging to age group of <40 years were 11 (10.57%), 40–59 years were 48 (46.15%) and >60 years were 45 (43.26%). Monotherapy was received by 62 hypertensive patients and as combination therapy by 42 patients.Conclusions: Even though the...