Awareness of Asthma Genetics in Pakistan: A Review with Some Recommendations (original) (raw)
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A report on asthma genetics studies in Pakistani population
Advancements in Life Sciences, 2017
Pakistan is globally sixth most populous, economically developing south Asian country with tremendously increasing trend of urbanization. This increase in urbanization along with consanguineous marriages trend in Pakistani nationals might contribute as most important factors of increasing asthma prevalence. Up-till now, a few studies related to asthma genetics have been conducted in Pakistan. These studies suggest that the SNP variants like (rs2569190, rs2569191), (rs2243250, rs2227284), (rs1800896) , (rs1881457, rs20541, rs1800925), (rs2280091, rs2787094, rs528557), (rs1131882) in CD14, IL-4, IL10, IL-13, ADAM33 and TBXA2R genes respectively and the SNPs ( rs3816470, rs6503525, rs3859192, rs12603332) on chromosomal region 17q21 are significantly associated in Pakistani population whereas the haplotype “CCTCAG" of SNPs (rs12936231, rs7216389, rs7216558, rs9894164, rs1007654 and rs7212938) in 17q21 and ‘AAGTCG’ of SNPs (rs2280089, rs2280090, rs2280091, rs44707, rs528557, and rs6...
Prevalence of Asthma in Southern Punjab, Pakistan
Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2016
Asthma is exaggerated response of immune system which is a leading cause of death in the third world. Main causes of asthma are allergy, smoking, drugs like NSAID (Aspirin) and family history. Objective of study was to check the prevalence of asthma in different age groups and its impact on socioeconomical behaviors of the peoples of southern Punjab, by developing a questionnaire. Incidence of asthmatic attack in the age group of 20 to 60 years was more than in age group of 20 years, furthermore the incidence was found to be more common in females as compare to males. The smokers were at more risk to develop the disease as compared to the nonsmokers.
Risk factors associated with childhood asthma in District Mardan, Pakistan
Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
Data was collected from paediatric patients of asthma as well as healthy controls through a self-designed questionnaire. SPSS 19 was used for data analysis. Results: Of the 647 subjects, 349(54%) were asthmatic cases and 298(46%) were controls. Among the cases, 201(57.6%) were females, while 148(42.4%) were males. There were 332(51%) subjects whose fathers were smokers, and of them 224(67%) had asthma and 125(37%) were non-asthmatic. Overall, 323(50%) subjects had carpet in their rooms, and of them 221(68%) had asthma. Among other risk factors, subjects aged <5 years had 1.49 time more likely to have asthma with (odds ratio: 1.49, 95% confidence interval: 0.963-1.988). Conclusions: Female gender, fathers' smoking, having carpet in the room and age <5 year were found to be the main risk factors associated with asthma.
BMC Pulmonary Medicine
Background: This study was conducted in order to determine the prevalence of asthma and associated risk factors in the adult population of Karachi, Pakistan. Methods: This multi-stage, cross-sectional survey was conducted from May 2014-August 2015; comprising 1629 adults in 75 randomly selected clusters in Karachi, Pakistan. Definitions included: 'self-reported asthma', 'reversibility in FEV 1 ' and 'respiratory symptoms and reversibility in FEV 1 '. Results: Prevalence of asthma was 1.8% (self-reported) (95% CI: 1.0-2.6), 11.3% (reversibility in FEV 1) (95% CI: 9.4-13.3) and 6.6% (symptoms and reversibility in FEV 1) (95% CI: 5.1-8.1). Asthmatics were more likely to belong to the age group ≥38 years according to 'reversibility in FEV 1 ' and 'respiratory symptoms and reversibility in
Severe Asthma in School Children of South Punjab, Pakistan
Pakistan pediatric journal
ABSTRACT Pak Paed J 2010; 34(4): 188-93 Aims: To find out the prevalence of severe asthma, as reported by the parents, in school children of South Punjab, Pakistan. Methods: It was a cross sectional, questionnaire based, descriptive survey of the children aged 3-18 years, in randomly selected primary and secondary schools, from October 2002 to March 2003. The data then were analyzed by the statistician with Statistical Analysis System (SAS). Results: Of 6120 questionnaire sent to the parents/guardians, 3180 (52%) were returned. Of the 3180 respondents, 1767(56%) were for boys and 1413(44%) were for girls. The median age was 8.25 years (mean age: 8.86 years). Around 71% of children were between 4 to 11 years of age. The parents reported emergency visits to hospitals or doctors for treatment of wheeze in 114(3.5%) of their children. Of this 114 children with emergency visits to the hospitals or doctors for the treatment of wheeze, 66 (58%) were boys and 48(42%) were girls. Of the 1767...
Heredity of asthma in Saudi population
European Journal of Epidemiology, 1992
In a cross-sectional study, the prevalence of asthma, hay fever and eczema was studied in 1150 schoolchildren attending school in Jeddah Western region of Saudi Arabia. The family histories of asthma, hay fever and eczema were examined in first degree relatives. The age range of children studied was 7-12 years, with a mean of 9.3 years (470/0 boys and 530/0 girls;). A self-administered questionnaire was completed by the parents of the child to collect information concerning bronchial asthma, hay fever, and eczema in the target child and family history of respiratory allergy. A detailed family history and personal histories of asthma were available for 1035 Saudi children aged 7-12 years old. The rate of asthma and hay fever were significantly higher among siblings and offspring (cases) compared to their parents (p < 0.001). The results showed a high positive correlation between the relatives of affected children with respect to asthma and hay fever. These findings support the hypothesis that asthma and hay fever may be inherited in the Saudi population, but the mode of inheritance has yet to be determined.
Asthma research and practice, 2018
Genetic variations in different loci and genes are important in asthma pathogenesis. There is much importance of various immunological pathways in the IgE secretion regulation. Alterations in any main part of these pathways can increase the risk of asthma development. Polymorphisms in these genetic markers can effect certain pathways which predict the asthma susceptibility. In the present study, SNPs directly or indirectly affecting the immunological process pathways are selected. This study was conducted to determine association of 16 SNPs in 10 candidate genes with asthma in Pakistani population in 333 asthmatic cases and 220 healthy controls. Genotyping was performed using the Sequenom Mass ARRAY iPLEX platform (14 SNPs) and TaqMan assay (2 SNPs). The minor allele at two of the SNPs showed association with protection from asthma, rs1131882 in gene (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.52-1.01, = 0.05) and rs2280091 in the gene (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.50-0.97, = 0.03). For gene, rs2583476 the asthmatic...
Genetic Basis of Childhood Asthma in Saudi Arabia
Asthma is one of the most common chronic illnesses in Saudi Arabia and showed regional diversity. Suggestive susceptibility genes have been identified in European and American populations but not yet in Middle East including Saudi Arabia. CD14 (cluster of differentiation 14) gene is one of many genes that appear to contribute to the expression of allergic phenotype. The present study was carried out to determine the prevalence of some CD14 promoter polymorphisms in childhood asthmatic patients in Saudi Arabia. Polymerase Chain Reaction and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism technique was adopted with 42 childhood asthmatic patients. C(-159)T, A(-1,145)G and G(-1,395)T polymorphisms of CD14 gene were genotyped. The prevalence of studied polymorphisms was 50%, 45.2% and 42.8%, respectively. In conclusion, high prevalence of studied polymorphisms C(-159)T, A(-1,145)G and G(-1,395)T was observed in tested Saudi asthmatic childhood patients.
Prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis among school children of Karachi, Pakistan, 2007
Journal of …, 2009
In recent times, the incidence of allergic diseases, particularly bronchial asthma, has been increasing worldwide. However, there appears to be no published data on the prevalence of allergic diseases among school children (3 to 16 years of age) in Karachi, Pakistan, with only limited data available among few age groups under one ISAAC study. The objective of this project was to investigate the prevalence of allergic diseases among school children (3 to 16 years of age) in the city of Karachi. The questionnaire that was used for data collection had previously been used for a similar study in neighboring Saudi Arabia and the U.A.E. In 2007, a total of 3,000 surveys were distributed in various schools of Karachi, of which 2,325 completed surveys were obtained. SPSS was used to perform statistical analysis on the collected data. Survey results showed that the frequency of diagnosed (previously seen by physicians) cases of asthma stood at 15.8%, while the frequency of allergic rhinitis was found to be 28.50% among these children. Other parameters that were analyzed included dry cough (20.1%), wheezing (11.7%), breathlessness (15.40%), and eczema (21.8%). Furthermore, smoking by family members was found to be associated with asthma ( p value less than 0.05), allergic rhinitis ( p value less than 0.05), breathlessness ( p value less than 0.05), dry cough ( p value 0.002), and wheezing ( p value less than 0.05). This study reveals that there is a significant number of school children in the metropolitan city of Karachi who have various allergic symptoms. It also sheds light on the fact that exposure to indoor environmental factors as well as family atopy can play a key role in increasing the chances of an individual to experience asthma and other allergy symptoms.