Memory Support System in Spanish: A Pilot Study (original) (raw)
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International Psychogeriatrics, 2011
ABSTRACTBackground: The use of standardized scales is critical for monitoring the interventions within and between different populations, but the current Spanish tools are dispersed in several scales. A simple tool for simultaneously and exhaustively evaluating patient's symptoms and caregiver's distress in Spanish-speaking groups is needed.Methods: RMBPC was translated into Spanish by cross-cultural adaptation. Comprehensibility and easiness of SpRMBPC were evaluated with 92 patient-caregiver dyads. Reliability, stability and scale structure were evaluated by Cronbach's α, test-retest and factor analysis respectively. Concurrent and discriminant validity were assessed by correlation with validated tools for measuring stage of dementia; memory, disruptive behaviors and depression symptoms of the patients; and anxiety, depression and burden of the caregivers (CDR, MMSE, NPIq, NPIdisruption, NPI depression, HADS-A; HADS-D and Zarit Burden Interview respectively).Results: A...
Puerto Rico health sciences journal, 2010
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia worldwide. In Hispanic populations there are few validated tests for the accurate identification and diagnosis of AD. The Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale is an internationally recognized questionnaire used to stage dementia. This study's objective was to develop a linguistic adaptation of the CDR for the Puerto Rican population. The linguistic adaptation consisted of the evaluation of each CDR question (item) and the questionnaire's instructions, for similarities in meaning (semantic equivalence), relevance of content (content equivalence), and appropriateness of the questionnaire's format and measuring technique (technical equivalence). A focus group methodology was used to assess cultural relevance, clarity, and suitability of the measuring technique in the Argentinean version of the CDR for use in a Puerto Rican population. A total of 27 semantic equivalence changes were recommended in four categori...
The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 1998
The usefulness of the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale (MDRS) for Spanish dominant elderly adults has seen little empirical documentation, though there is considerable reason to hypothesize its value with this diverse and growing population. A Spanish adaptation of the MDRS (MDRS-SA) was developed for the present study in a manner to facilitate linguistic equivalence. Reliability for the MDRS-SA showed high split half internal consistency across all scales and Total Score. Two groups of elderly adults, one neurologically impaired and one not, both with low Mexican American acculturation level, Spanish dominance, and little formal education were participants. Results of a MANCOVA analysis, controlling for age, education, acculturation, and gender, showed the MDRS-SA to be effective at discriminating between groups across all scales (p < .001) and Total Score (p < .05). After determining significant differences between original norms and normative data on the present Spanish group, clinical utility of these statistical findings was investigated by generating specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy rates for the MDRS-SA Total Score, using Spanish normative data. Results of this preliminary study supported the MDRS-SA for use within the Mexican American, Spanish dominant elderly population, though additional larger validation studies are needed, particularly with well-documented clinical samples.
Performance of Spanish speakers on the Mattis dementia rating scale (MDRS)
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 2006
This paper examined whether education-, age-, and gender-matched Spanish-and English-speaking normals (n = 30 pairs) had comparable scores on the Mattis dementia rating scale (MDRS). It provides preliminary normative data on Spanish-speaking volunteers aged 55-89 years old (n = 54). It also compared the MDRS total score with its memory subscale score and the minimental state examination (MMSE) score on sensitivity and specificity for distinguishing normals from patients with dementia (n = 61). Spanish-speaking normals scored significantly lower than English-speaking normals on MDRS total and its attention, conceptualization, and memory subscales. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve distinguishing normals from patients with dementia was not significantly different among the MDRS total, its memory subscale, and the MMSE. We conclude that (a) the norms based on English-speaking individuals are not appropriate for use with Spanish-speaking individuals, and (b) to screen for dementia, the shorter MDRS Memory subscale and the MMSE are as good as the entire MDRS.
Test Your Memory Spanish version (TYM-S): Validation of a self-administered cognitive screening test
Alzheimer's & Dementia, 2013
To develop the Test Your Memory (TYM)-Spanish version (TYM-S), a self-administered cognitive screening test, in a Chilean older sample and to estimate its psychometric properties and diagnostic accuracy. Methods: The TYM was translated into Spanish and adapted for a Chilean population to develop the TYM-S. Measures of global cognitive impairment and executive dysfunction were administered to 30 controls, 30 dementia patients, and 14 subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). All participants' proxies were interviewed with assessments of dementia severity, functionality in daily living activities, and cognitive change. Convergent validity and internal consistency reliability of the TYM-S were estimated. Cutoff points, sensitivity, and specificity were determined to test its diagnostic capacity for dementia or MCI.
The Rey 15-Item Memory Test and Spanish-Speaking Older Adults
Clinical Neuropsychologist, 2011
The Rey 15-Item Memory Test (Rey-15) is a standard instrument frequently employed to assess suspect effort/motivation in English-speaking populations. The objective of the current study was to examine the influence of socio-demographic variables on this measure and provide normative data for use with Spanish speakers. The performance of 130 primarily Spanish-speaking, cognitively intact, older adults (ages 50-69) on six Rey-15 scoring systems and six embedded measures of suboptimal performance was examined. Approximately 8% of the sample scored below the recommended cutoff of 9 on the Rey-15. The lowest recall score of 6 was also the minimum score obtained on the recognition trial. Additionally, scores on the alternative Rey-15 scoring methods and the embedded measures of suboptimal performance were lower in comparison to the normative data presently utilized with English speakers, yet comparable across the examined measures. Basic mental status and education level were significant predictors of Rey-15 performance; however, results indicate that these variables may share a close relationship with socio-demographic characteristics such as acculturation level and years of U.S. residency. Preliminary normative data on the Rey-15 for primarily Spanish-speaking older adults, stratified by education, is provided in conjunction with a recommendation for the use of the recognition trial when interpreting results.
Objectives: To develop the Test Your Memory (TYM)—Spanish version (TYM-S), a self-administered cognitive screening test, in a Chilean older sample and to estimate its psychometric properties and diagnostic accuracy. Methods: The TYM was translated into Spanish and adapted for a Chilean population to develop the TYM-S. Measures of global cognitive impairment and executive dysfunction were administered to 30 controls, 30 dementia patients, and 14 subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). All participants' proxies were interviewed with assessments of dementia severity, functionality in daily living activities, and cognitive change. Convergent validity and internal consistency reliability of the TYM-S were estimated. Cutoff points, sensitivity, and specificity were determined to test its diagnostic capacity for dementia or MCI. Results: Regarding convergent validity, the TYM-S was significantly correlated (p < 0.001) with global cognitive impairment (Mini-Mental State Examination: r = 0.902; Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examina-tion—Revised—Chilean version: r = 0.922; Montreal Cognitive Assessment: r = 0.923), executive dysfunction (Frontal Assessment Battery: r = 0.862), dementia severity (Clinical Dementia Rating: r = À0.757), functional capacity (Technology-Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire: r = À0.864; Pfeffer Functional Activities Questionnaire: r = À0.748; Instrumental Activities of Daily Living: r = 0.769), and cognitive change (Alzheimer's Disease 8—Chilean version: r = À0.700) measures. Regarding reliability, Cronbach's α was 0.776. Optimum cutoff scores of 39 and 44 distinguished dementia cases from controls (93.1% sensitivity, 82.2% specificity) and MCI cases from controls (85.7% sensitivity, 69% specificity), respectively. The extent of assistance required in the TYM-S and cognitive impairment was correlated. Conclusions: The TYM-S is a valid and reliable instrument to assess cognitive impairment, showing good psychometric properties and diagnostic capacity to identify cases of dementia in a Spanish-speaking older cohort. Although its need for assistance may be limiting, its ability to quickly assess several cognitive domains supports widespread clinical use.
Spanish-dementia knowledge assessment scale (DKAS-S): psychometric properties and validation
BMC Geriatrics
Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most frequent cause of cognitive impairment. Community knowledge of the disease has proven to be a very important aspect of the development of interventions and the evaluation of their effectiveness. However, it is necessary to have standardized and recognized tools in different languages. The aim of the current study was to develop a cross-cultural adaptation of the Spanish Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale (DKAS-S) and to assess their psychometric properties with cohorts of health students and professional and non-professional caregivers of AD patients from several regions of Spain. Methods We developed and translated the DKAS into Spanish following the forward-back-forward translation procedure. Then, we performed a cross-sectional study to assess the validity, reliability and feasibility of the DKAS-S. We also performed an analysis to obtain test-retest reliability measures. The study was performed in four medical centres across three...
The Gerontologist, 2014
Purpose of the Study: Demographic projections suggest that the older Latino population will experience the fastest growth among all racial/ethnic groups; and by 2050 will constitute 20% of the nation's seniors. Yet, Latino Alzheimer's elders and their families remain underrepresented in the health care system and caregiver intervention studies. To address this gap, this study tested the effectiveness of Circulo de Cuidado, a culturally-sensitive, cognitive behavioral (CBT) group intervention, in supporting Latino families' ability to manage the disease's neuropsychiatric symptoms and improve caregiver well-being. Design and Methods: Using a randomized controlled trial design, 67 caregivers were assigned to the CBT experimental condition or the psychoeducational (PED) control condition and interviewed at baseline, post-group, and 3 months follow-up. The 2 manualized interventions had the same structure: 5 weekly 90-minute group sessions, followed by telephone coaching at 3, 6, 9 and 12 weeks post-group. Results: Repeated measures analysis of covariance revealed significant group by time interaction effects. Compared with the PED participants, CBT participants reported lower neuropsychiatric symptoms in their relative, less caregiver distress about neuropsychiatric symptoms, a greater sense of caregiver self-efficacy, and less depressive symptoms over time. Implications: Our findings offer preliminary evidence that a culturally tailored, CBT group intervention targeted toward neuropsychiatric symptom management has positive psychological benefits for Latino caregivers.