Effects of Stages of Embryonic Development on the Viability of Angel Fish Eggs in Transportation to Hatcheries (original) (raw)
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A reliable and improved methodology to expose fish in the early embryonic stage
Marine Environmental Research, 1995
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Polish Journal of Natural Science, 2008
Wild living spawners of dace Leuciscus leuciscus (L.), ide L. idus (L.) and chub L. cephalus (L.), were obtained from rivers of central (the Pisa River basin) and northern (the Pasłęka River basin) Poland and next transported to a hatchery for artificial reproduction. The obtained eggs were dry fertilized and next incubated in water as different constant temperatures ranging from 4.5 to 29.0 o C. The hatched embryos were kept at the same temperatures until the moment of complete yolk sac resorption and later fed ad libitum on live nauplial Artemia sp. stages. The power function was applied for determination of the relation between the temperature and time until and achievement of each of the thirteen characteristic stages of embryonic development. It was shown that the pace of embryonic development increased with the temperature increase. In the majority of cases, at identical thermal conditions, both the incubation time and the pace of embryonic development were much less diversified among individual of the same species originating from different population than between the individual species. The obtained data finds application in optimization of early raring process and as a consequence will be an important tool in protection of endangered species.
Size of eggs and duration of embryogenesis in fishes
Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria, 2000
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Effect of Egg and Sperm Quality in Successful Fish Breeding
Fish egg quality is the ability of the egg to be fertilized and subsequently develop into a normal embryo. While sperm quality can be defined as its ability to successfully fertilize an egg and subsequently allow the development of a normal embryo. Presently there is a concern about the quality of eggs and milt collected for breeding, therefore the evaluation of egg and milt quality is essential so as to increase the efficiency of artificial fertilization. Studies have shown that qualitative parameters of the milt (sperm motility, sperm lobe length, milt volume and count) and egg can be influenced by several factors such as feeding regime, environmental factors, quality of the feed, variations between individual, age, weight, length of the fish, season of the year, stress, pollutant, fungi, and bacteria, uptake of nutritive and genetic materials, physiochemical properties of water (pH, salinity and temperature and dissolve oxygen). In this paper the role of the egg and sperm in fish farming was reviewed and the factors that affect the success of fish breeding. Understanding of these factors that affect both egg and sperm quality could reduce poor breeding process and increase fingerlings production for a sustainable aquaculture.
Aquaculture Research, 1998
One of the main limiting factors in the use of artificial incubation techniques on crayfish farms has been the widespread belief that eggs should be stripped from females in the late stages of embryogenesis. In order to disprove this idea, three different times for egg removal were tested in white-clawed crayfish, Austropotamobius pallipes (Lereboullet): (1) just before the gastrulation process (mean degree days ϭ 335, 34 days after spawning); (2) when the embryo was between the closing of the blastopore and the appearance of mandibular rudiments (mean degree days ϭ 524, 56 days after spawning); and (3) when the embryo had thoracic appendage rudiments (mean degree days ϭ 810, 92 days after spawning). The results showed that it is possible to attain acceptable survival rates up to juvenile stage 2 (51%), even when eggs have been detached at the earliest time (34 days after spawning), in such a way that artificial incubation is used for more than three-quarters (75.7%) of the total duration of the embryonic development. Factors such as the incubation device, water quality and incubation conditions have a major influence on the success of the process. Finally, a critical period was observed during the last stages of development in the present study, particularly between the eyed stage and juvenile stage 2, with mortality rates of between 26.7% and 56%.
Egg Quality in Wild and Broodstock Cod Gadus morhua L
Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 1994
Problems concerning egg viability or egg quality have received increasing attention, in relation to cultivation as well as to the assessment of reproduction of wild fishes. One important aspect of this paper is to discuss the use of cell morphological characteristics as indicators of egg quality in cod. Early cellular malformation rates in egg batches show a positive correlation with their later egg and larval survival, and can be used as a rough prediction of normal development and mortality rates. The natural mortality rate of fish eggs is not well understood, and observed egg viability of captive cod is are discussed in relation to egg viability in the wild. Results from recent work indicated that approximately 1Oo/o of naturally spawned cod eggs from both wild fish (planktonic samples) and from a broodstock had abnormal cleavages at the 2-128 cell stage. Eggs with observed early abnormal cell-cleavage showed very poor survival and hatching rates. For broodstock cod, egg viability was highest during the peak of the spawning season. The North Atlantic cod may provide a good model species for studies of egg viability variations in wild and captive individuals, as its reproductive biology is well studied. It is now documented that the egg production in cod is dependent on fish age, nutritional status, batch number, and stress factors.
Reproductive broodstock performance and egg quality of wild-caught and first-generation domesticated Seriola rivoliana reared under same culture conditions, 2015
Almaco jack, Seriola rivoliana as well as some related species is of great interest in marine fish aquaculture. However, there are few studies about their reproduction in captivity. In this research work, reproductive performance and egg quality in two groups of adult Seriola rivoliana, caught in the wild and domesticated-F1 analyzed and compared, reared under optimal maturation conditions in a commercial private Laboratory. A total of 28 wild adult (>5 kg) were caught at La Paz Bay, Baja California Sur, Mexico, and 30 adult domesticated-F1 broodstock (>5 kg), were obtained from an original stock of 1,000 juveniles (3.5 g body weight) produced at Kona Blue (Hawaii, USA) sea farm. Fishes were transported to the Rancheros del Mar commercial private hatchery, where they were grown to adult size. Both groups were evaluated during eight months (May to December 2012) and compared in terms of reproduction performance (total number of spawning events, monthly spawning frequency, total number of eggs, total number of eggs per mL, and fertilization rate), egg biochemical composition (total proteins, total lipids, total carbohydrates, and triacylglycerides) and egg diameter. Results indicated that wild caught broostock showed a better reproductive performance in terms of fertilization rate, total number of spawning, monthly spawning frequency and total number of eggs produced. However, biochemical composition and egg diameter did not show statistical differences (P < 0.05) between two groups. The reproductive performance of broodstock and quality of eggs analyzed in this study are important traits to improve the aquaculture management of this species.
Exploring fish embryo development and survival and applications in marine fish aquaculture
As the world’s marine fisheries resources are under enormous pressure, now is a crucial time to educate the next generation on the biology of fisheries as well as on overfishing, its consequences, and possible mitigations. One way to alleviate fishing pressure on wild stocks is by means of sustainable aquaculture. At the Hawai‘i Institute of Marine Biology, we teach a hands-on, inquiry-based high school lab on the topic of larval development and applications to marine fish aquaculture, where we have access to captive broodstock of the pink snapper, Pristipomoides filamentosus. During this lab we follow several steps scientists take to study aquaculture: collecting spawn from outdoor fish pens, quantifying the number of eggs, determining the percentage of fertilization, and estimating the time of spawning and hatching. Additionally, we perform hypothesis-driven science activities with the embryos to test the effects of water quality on their development and survival. In this paper we...