The Effect of Physical Activity on Social Adaptation and Skills Development in Mentally Disabled Individuals (original) (raw)
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Journal of Human Sciences, 2017
The purpose of the research is to investigate the effects of adapted physical activity applied on intellectual disability students toward level of emotional adjustment, self-managing and the socialization. The study was designed as pretest-posttest experimental model. Intellectual disab 12 students from 5th and 6th grade who continue their education at the public school in Esenyurt district of İstanbul in 2015-2016 academic year spring semester. Adapted physical activity program was applied the students for 2 days 1 hour per week for 12 week. Hacettepe Emotional Adjustment Scale, Self-Managing and Socialization which of subheading AAMD Adaptive Behavior Scala were used to collect data. Pretest-posttest descriptive analysis was and Wilcoxon Test was used in dependent comparisons. The results showed that decline in students’ pretest-posttest mean scores of neurotic problems and behavior problems was seen according to mothers and the school counselor of the students. An increase was ob...
The Journal of Educational Development, 2013
The research aims at developing a learning model of adaptive physical activities (APA) for improving basic movements and health of mentally disabled students in a disabled elementary school at Bantul regency; therefore it is a research and development. There are 5 steps used by the researcher : a preliminary study, planning, expert validation, empirical validation and effectiveness testing. The small scale implementation testing was done to 13 disabled students whereas the large scale, 42 students of 3 graders of disabled elementary school. The effectiveness testing uses an experimental research within one pre and post test group. The group consists of 27students of Plered Disabled Elementary School. The research observation instrument uses Likert scale and ratting-scale. The proposed learning models are: Kid Komodo football, waves in the sea, knowing shapes, frog circus and air bubble. These models prove effective for mentally students of disabled elementary school. Both the small scale implementation testing and the large scale one result in the improvement of basic physical movements of the students. The secondary result is that teachers of physical education and health find the models easy to do and the students get fun being taught using them.
2013
The aim of the present research was to assess the effect of special physical education and sports activities done regularly on the quality of life of the children with mental retardation. The research group was consisted of 145 children aged between 8 and 12 whose diagnosis were "mental retardation" (according to the results of WISC-R tests and IQ between 50 and 70). The research was designed in pretest-posttest model with control group. The practice group was consisted of 88 children (38 girls, 50 boys) while control group was composed of 57 children (26 girls, 31 boys). As the contents; a special physical education program consisting of warm-up exercises, functional exercises (individual, paired, group staffed, station-race courses) and sports games (paired, types of helping each other, group competitions and games with rules) was applied to the practice group for 2 days a week and 1 hour each day. Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) was used as a data collectin...
Advances in Applied Sociology, 2016
The goal of this study is to show that the young intellectual disabled persons, enter easily in a social integration process when they practice a sport, better than when they do not practice. To evaluate this social integration, we adjust some elements that are essential or vital to this process. Three groups are formed. First, a group of non-sporting intellectual disabled persons, second a group of young intellectual disabled accompanied by young non-disabled sportsmen. From two questionnaires in Likert scale, five variables reflecting the essential elements of social integration are measured in pre-test and post-test on the three groups. We confirm that the autonomy, the pleasure of the effort, the competitiveness and the recognition are vital factors in social integration. Practicing sport is a strong support that helps young intellectual disabled in their social integration; thus it comprises the missing footbridge between institutional environment and the environment that are to integrate in.
The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of of adapted physical activities on selected psychomotor variables of children with intellectual disability.Thirty mild intellectual disabled (IQ=50-70) students who were attending the Special Education at Special Education Unit, Faculty of Disability Management, Coimbatore, were selected for this study. Participants were randomly assigned to physical training and yogic practices (N=15) and control (N=15) groups. Their age ranged from 14 to 21 years. The participants had not taken part in any regular exercise program before entering to this study. The experimental group has undergone 6 weeks of Adapted Physical Activities, whereas control group maintained their daily routine activities and no special training was given. Training program for individuals with intellectual disabilities was 60 minutes in length and met 3 days a week. Supervised exercise training is an important issue in increasing physical activity in people with intellectual disability. The training was executed by adapting progressive method as slower pace and frequent repetition to aid in the maintenance of acquired skills. The following tests were performed: Psychomotor variables: Finger dexterity, hand eye coordination and reaction time. The analysis of covariance revealed that the adapted physical activities had significantly improved all the selected variables namely Finger dexterity, hand eye coordination and reaction time. Therefore the findings suggest that adapted physical activities are important for individuals with intellectual disability to increase their psychomotor components. Keywords: Adapted Physical Activities, Psychomotor, Intellectual Disability.
Education Sciences, 2020
The aim of this study was to examine the influences of physical education and play practices on the school social behavior of mild-level intellectually disabled children. The quantitative research methods used were based on the pre-test, post-test, post-test-retention control group model and the general screening model. A simple random sampling type was used when constructing the sample group. To determine school social behavior, the School Social Behavior Scale (SSBS) was used. Physical education and play lessons were applied for two hours per week for 24 weeks with the purpose of obtaining data from these scales when applied to participants. The study sample group included 20 mild-level intellectually disabled children (14 boys, 6 girls), aged seven to nine years, who were trained at the Special Education and Rehabilitation Center that serves the County of Kocaeli, in the district of Izmit, Turkey. According to the results of the SSBS, we found a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between the social competence of present persons' interpersonal relations, self-control, and academic skills, and the aggressive-nervous persons in the sub-dimensions of negative social behaviors, in favor of the test group. However, no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the antisocial-aggressive and destructive-demanding sub-dimensions was observed. We found that 24-week physical education and playing practices applied to mild-level intellectually disabled children had effects on children's school social behavior.
2015
Abstract: The theoretical concept of participation in physical activities (PA) of persons with mental disability (MD) is presented. Sub-parts are oriented on explanation of basic terminology (physical activity, physical education, sport) and specific aspects of PA (evolution, movement standards, social development, sports programs). External framework of PA and their influence on personality with MD is stressed, too (legislation and environmental conditions). The benefits of PA for both psycho-social development and health related variables of persons with MD are described including frequent and recommended activities.
Journal of Education and Learning
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of peer-mediated adaptive physical activity program on problem behaviors of mentally handicapped students. Eight mentally handicapped students and eight peer students with normal development participated in this study, which was designed according to a sequential descriptive design. In the research, peer education program was applied to the peer students in line with the skills expected to be exhibited during the practices. In the study, Problem Behavior Sub-Scale (PBS), which is one of the subscales of Social Skills Rating System (SSRS) developed by Gresham and Elliot (1990) and Turkish adaptation by Sucuoglu and Ozokcu (2005) was used as a quantitative data collection tool. As a qualitative data collection tool, semi-structured interview form was used. The Friedman test was used to analyze the quantitative data, and Wilcoxon Signs test was used to determine the source of the difference. Significance value was determined as 0.05. ...
Physical-recreational activities and persons with disability
TIMS. Acta, 2014
Recreational activities represent individual or organised group activities chosen by free will, which help individuals to maintain good health, physical and working condition. In addition to the required physical segment, recreation also includes mental component which refers to strengthening of the will and determination, acquisition and development of self-control. With physical and mental aspect of recreational activities, many authors especially emphasize the importance of socio-psychological component of recreation. The aim of this paper is to review the so far published scientific and professional works in which the problem of recreational activities of persons with cerebral palsy, sight impairment, intellectual disability and autism is discussed, by studying the available literature. During the research we used the electronic data base of Serbian Library Consortium for Coordinated Acquisition, Google Scholar, as well as published material available in print. The participation of persons with disabilities in physical-recreational activities in the community is determined by the individual characteristics of the person, but with the community factors as well. The results of many studies show that persons with disabilities participate less in leisure and physical recreational activities and that is largely related to the level of social integration of these persons. Taking into account the fact that the participation of persons with disabilities in physical-recreational activities largely correlates with the quality of life of these persons, it is necessary to increase the number of recreational services that the community offers, as well as to specialise, modify and adapt some of them in relation to the needs of these persons. Also, it is recommended that as an integral part of all therapeutic approaches to persons with disability, the training of these persons for the appropriate use of their leisure time be included.
Significance of Sport Activities for Persons with Disabilities
ГОДИШЊАК ЗА ПСИХОЛОГИЈУ, 2021
Although there are numerous categorizations and large differences in the specific characteristics between individual categories of disabilities, they all have something in common - barriers that people with disabilities deal with. Social, physical and mental limitations can be reduced or removed through sport, which can significantly improve the quality of life of people with disabilities, as we will try to document in this paper by research findings. Unfortunately, even today, the usual societal attitude about the quality of life of people with disabilities is not focusing on specific social and cultural context affecting disability. Instead, we are still focusing on individual coping strategies and behaviors in response to difficulties arising from biological limitations. Psychology is one of the sciences whose contribution to this topic can be important, especially in providing a framework for evidence-based practice. Simultaneously, promoting this topic can, hopefully, contribut...