Entrepreneurial Intention among Postgraduate Students in Nigerian Universities: Conceptual Review (original) (raw)
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Exploring the determinants of entrepreneurial intention among selected graduates in Nigeria
Princefemzy, 2018
The study tries to understand the major reasons behind the soaring unemployment rates in Nigeria and seeks to explore the determinant factors of Entrepreneurial intention among selected graduates in Nigeria, focusing on OOU. the study employed the use of questionnaire which was administered to 200 respondents and analyzed using e-view and spss, empirical reviiew and this survey revealed entrepreneurial education as a major determinant and factors such as perception, ethnicity, unemployment rates and capital, of entrepreneurial intention among selected graduate of OOU, it revealed after the analysis that with 0.5level of significance all factors listed strong have significant influence on entrepreneurial intention of graduating student/graduates. some recommendation were given such as linking up real world problems with sch curricula and others in the work.
This paper examined the factors that influence entrepreneurial intentions among undergraduates of South-south and Southeast Nigeria. Surveying 1,129 final year undergraduates from 15 universities in 68 departments plus four focus groups of 42 participants, the researchers found in the quantitative study personal attitude, perceived behavioural control and perceived barrier as the most significant factors. The qualitative study found new factors such as transformational, affective, push and personal fulfilment motives. The focus group interview results indicated that undergraduates will embrace entrepreneurship if: courses were more practical-oriented than theory-oriented, internship was introduced in their courses, lecturers were retrained to embrace some level of entrepreneurship themselves, and have a healthy collaboration with relevant industry practice too. The partial least squares multi-group analysis detected no significant differences in perception of the influencing factors among participants from the two groups, based on the model paths. But participants in the focus group interviews consistently demonstrated that people of Southeast Nigeria exhibited a peculiar flair for entrepreneurial activities. The participants offered various explanations including apprenticeship and serial mentorship, preference for independence, early childhood introduction to business by family, survivalist mentality and profit motives as distinguishing the Southeast people from their South-south counterpart. The graduates from the two regions may follow the same observed pattern toward entrepreneurial activities. This research therefore demonstrates that using only one method to examine the phenomenon might lead to false claims to knowledge; examining the concept deeper through the vantage position of the affected (participants) will offer better solutions for policy on what students perceive can attract them to entrepreneurship.
One notable challenge confronting the developing nations of the world, especially Nigeria is how to get their youth gainfully employed. To be specific, countless of youth are graduating from higher institutions of learning every year in Nigeria, without corresponding job opportunities for them. It is perhaps the attempt at solving these problems associated with unemployment that the Nigerian government aiming at job creation, modified school curriculum virtually at all levels of education and tailored it towards that which youth would be self-employed through entrepreneurial education. The main objective of this paper is to examine the relationship between entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intention with specific reference to Nigerian university students. This paper explores entrepreneurial intentions and their antecedents among Nigerian university students by building on model. In doing so, it contributes to the understanding of whether, and if so how, education can affect students' attitudes toward entrepreneurship and their entrepreneurial self-efficacy. This study as a concept paper adopts the conventional content analysis approach to research which relies heavily on information collected from on-line journal articles, text books and publications which were fully acknowledged in the references. The study revealed that the most difficult socio-economic problem facing leaders particularly in Africa is the growing number of unemployed youth roaming the streets. There are teaming numbers of youth without jobs, thereby affecting their socio-economic status. Thus, the current introduction of entrepreneurship education in the school curriculum is a welcome development. This is because it will be helpful in training, reorienting as well as motivating students toward entrepreneurial activities.
Factors influencing entrepreneurial intentions among graduates of Nigerian tertiary institutions
2013
One of weakness of the Nigeria’s education system is its failure to prepare graduates for selfemployment and business entrepreneurship. Thus, owing to the persistence mass unemployment, low productivity, high inflation and widespread poverty in Nigeria, the government introduced entrepreneurship programmes to promote skills acquisition, facilitate the spirit of creativity, self-reliance and self-independence. However, only a small percentage of graduates become entrepreneurs after graduation. This study therefore examined the factors influencing entrepreneurial intentions among graduates of Nigerian tertiary institutions. Purposive sampling technique was employed to ensure that the 307 graduates selected for the study were of different age groups, gender, courses studied and ethnic groups. The generated data were analysed using mean, standard deviation and analysis of variance. It was found that the most influential factor is creativity and that entrepreneurial intentions increased ...
An Assessment of Entrepreneurial Intention Among Undergraduate Students of ATBU, Bauchi Nigeria
Conference Paper, 2015
The aim of this study is to assess the students’ entrepreneurial intention. An exploratory field survey design was adopted to study the entrepreneurial intention of students of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University (ATBU), Bauchi, Nigeria. The population of the study consist of all graduating students in the six faculties of the University. The study analyzed the responses of 148 students selected using proportionate stratified sampling technique. The study used theory of planned behavior to explain entrepreneurial intentions of the student. Ordinary Lease Square (OLS) Regression technique was used to examine factors influencing entrepreneurial intention of the students. More so, in order to determine how students differ on their entrepreneurial intention on the basis of field of study, Pearson Chi-Square was employed. The result of regression analysis indicated that personal attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control are determinants of students’ entrepreneurial intention. Also the result of Chi-Square test revealed that there is no statistical difference among the students on their entrepreneurial intention by field of study. The study also recommend the provision of fund and entrepreneurial support to graduating students by the government.
International journal of innovation in Engineering, 2022
This study examined the effect of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intention of university undergraduate students in Benue State, Nigeria. The study specifically examined the effect of entrepreneurship education on start-up intention and innovation intention among university undergraduate students in Benue State, Nigeria. The adopted the cross-sectional survey design involving university undergraduates in three universities in Benue State. The population of the study comprised of 957 final year students from Faculty of Management Sciences from JS Tarka University Makurdi (224), Benue State University Makurdi (631) and University of Mkar, Mkar (102). Applying Taro Yamene’s formula, a sample size of 282 was realized. The study employed questionnaire as the major instrument for data collection. The items on the questionnaire were all measured on a 5-point scale ranging from 1=strongly disagree to 5=strongly agree. Result of pilot study showed that the reliability for each of the constructs was above 0.70. Simple linear regression analysis was used in testing the data gathered from the survey. Analysis was done with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 23). Findings revealed that entrepreneurship education has significant positive effect on start-up intention and innovation intention of university undergraduate students in Benue State, Nigeria. The study concludes that university undergraduate students’ intentions toward entrepreneurship can be enhanced using entrepreneurship education. This study is an initial call to elaborate an appropriate model of entrepreneurship education in universities in Benue State that will present a more practical and effective entrepreneurship education
International Journal of Scientific and Management Research, 2022
The study was carried out to determining entrepreneurial intentions of students in tertiary institutions. Sample size of 260 respondents using Morgan table for sample size was used to select sample size out of the population of 818 students from Federal Polytechnic Bauchi. The design of the study was a descriptive survey in which a group of individual's items were studied by collecting and analyzing data from a few population or items considered to be a representative of the entire population using Morgan Table for determining sample size. A 45 structure questionnaire, namely MVEIQ (Modified Version of Entrepreneurial Intention) was used to measure their agreement level. Data collected were analyzed using percentage, mean and standard deviation for the research questions. The findings of the study revealed that Higher National Diploma student's demographic characteristics, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behaviour, closer valuation and social valuation have influence on their entrepreneurial intentions. The hypothesis tested using multiple regression at 0.05 level of significance revealed that, there were significant contribution of the variables in the model. Base on the findings therefore, it was recommended that, all the stakeholder such as government agency, policy makers, school authorities, and parents should create enabling environment that will help the Higher National Diploma students' developed positive attitude towards entrepreneurial intentions.
European Journal of Business and Management, 2019
The purpose of this paper is to ascertain whether the course, entrepreneurship education is yielding the desired result of enhancing the capabilities of Nigerian graduates by creating in them the right mindset towards creating their own businesses rather than looking for non existing jobs. This is achieved through the analysis of relationship between entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intention among students of Delta State Polytechnic, Ogwashi Uku. This study made use of survey research design and was centered on only the final year students of the department of business administration. Data were collected for the study through the administration of structured questionnaires from three hundred and fifty (350) students of which three hundred and forty (340) were retrieved. Data analysis made use of descriptive and inferential statistics. The results from the regression analysis revealed that entrepreneurship education has a positive influence on entrepreneurial intentions of students with R squared value of 0.751, p-value = 0.000 which implies that 75 percent of the variation in entrepreneurial intentions is explained by variation in entrepreneurship education of students. From the studies, it was also discovered that personality has strong influence on students' intention to venture into businesses after their graduation from school, with an R squared value of 0.737 and a p-value of 0.000. This informed the rejection of the null hypothesis that personality has no significant influence on entrepreneurship intention of students of Delta state polytechnic to venture into their own businesses after their education. It is therefore a matter of further research to investigate the reasons why graduates find it difficult to complete the AIDA cycle of Awareness, Interest, Desire and Action. Entrepreneurial education has greatly helped to create attention and stimulate both their interest and desire to venture into businesses. What is left is therefore the final push to put into practice what they have learnt.
Environmental Factors And Entrepreneurial Intention Among Nigerian Students In UUM
This study examined the influence of environmental factors on the entrepreneurial intention of Nigerian students in UUM. Specifically, the study investigated the influence of environmental support and environmental influence on the entrepreneurial intention of Nigerian students in UUM. A cross-sectional research design with quantitative questionnaire approach was conducted. The study used convenience sampling technique to select 159 participants who provided information on the environmental support, environmental influence and entrepreneurial intention of Nigerian students in UUM. A multiple regression analysis technique was employed for the data analysis. The result of the analysis revealed that neither environmental support nor environmental influence is significantly related to entrepreneurial intention of Nigerian students in UUM. The study concludes that both entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial skill are essential factors required to realize entrepreneurial intention by the Nigerian students in UUM. Discussion on the finding is highlighted and the implication of the study including its limitations is also provided. There is no doubt that the concept of entrepreneurship development has cut across every aspect of human endeavours such as management, engineering, economics and marketing. Similarly, the history of entrepreneurship development is as old as human history. However, it is very recent that scholars and academicians start to incorporate entrepreneurship development into their academic curriculums especially in the developing countries such as Nigeria, Malaysia and others for the purpose of creating a pool of future entrepreneurs. Recent development has shown that entrepreneurship have been growing radically for the past two decades, to the extent that the academicians as well as government have become more concerned with the role entrepreneurship development plays in the youth development towards entrepreneurial attitude (Lucky and Olusegun, 2011). This is as a result of the major roles it plays as an economic and development force, especially in developed countries (Lucky and Olusegun, 2011). Generally, entrepreneurship has been described as a process of the creation of new things that will improve the standard of living or solve a particular problem of human being which leads to the creation of a new wealth (Drucker, 1985). Moris, Lewis and Sexton (1994) and rasli et al (2014) found that entrepreneurship activities have a great impact on the economy and also provide quality of life to its citizen. This is achieved by generating employments for the people and empowering them which in turn impact positively on the economy. To achieve better economic development and growth, many countries are adopting entrepreneurship development programs at their tertiary institutions with a view to inculcate the concept to their teaming student/young populations. However, the possibility of students taking entrepreneurship course to become future entrepreneurs has become a major concern within and outside the academic community as many of them never turns out to become one. In Malaysian for instance, understanding the role of entrepreneurship toward economic development has been very clear to the government. For example, the government and all stake holders are doing more to ensure that they promote its conduct at all levels. This includes the introduction of compulsory entrepreneurship program in schools and universities with the aim of producing and inculcating the culture and habit of becoming entrepreneurs. However, these programs failed to put the foreign students into consideration. It is strongly believed that most foreign students may possess the entrepreneurial abilities that may contribute to the nation's transformation agenda. It is assumed in this study that allowing the foreign students involvement in one form of entrepreneurial activity or the other would allow the students to contribute some quota in the overall Malaysian economic development as well as contributing to the university total objective of becoming an eminent management university and sustaining the recent autonomous status. The study by Veciana, Aponte & Urbano (2005) students' career believed that the university institutions play a crucial and dominant role for university students to embark on entrepreneurial career. One of the key roles played by the university institutions on the students' entrepreneurial intention is by providing an enabling environment that can aid the entrepreneurial intention of the foreign students. Thus, environmental factors are serious concerned for an effective entrepreneurial intention among the students. It has been observed that the lack of enabling and supportive environment are major challenges among the students in the academic institution towards building their intention on entrepreneurship activities (Qureshi et al. 2014;
Drivers of Entrepreneurial Intention Among Students of The University of The Gambia
European Journal of Business and Management Research
This paper examined the drivers of entrepreneurial intention among students of the University of the Gambia. Various theories were adopted in the past to study entrepreneurial intentions among university going students. Building on the relevant literature on entrepreneurship models, this research examines student intention to engage in entrepreneurial ventures in the Gambia. In line with several (prior) research, our results confirm the important role of the business climate, entrepreneurial attitude and subjective norms on students’ intention to engage in entrepreneurial ventures. These results contribute to the literature by demonstrating the peculiar environment and segment of the population (the youth) that is emerging in the field of entrepreneurship, and the significance of entrepreneurship education. Our results provide implication for the government, policymakers, and educational institutions. The agenda for future research have also been discussed.