Study of Universal Thermal Comfort Index in Hosing Estate Public Space in Bangkok, Thailand (original) (raw)
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Effect of the Shadings Pattern and Greenery Strategies on the Outdoor Thermal Comfort
IACSIT international journal of engineering and technology, 2018
The outdoor thermal comfort is influenced by the perception and satisfaction of the pedestrians, especially in hot and arid climates. Accordingly, the researchers look for the appropriate methods to reduce the Urban Heat Island and thus to enhance the outdoor thermal comfort level of pedestrians. However, there is limited research conducted on the outdoor thermal comfort in hot and arid climate. This work is an investigation study conducted in an urban area (Haifa Street) in Baghdad city, characterized by an arid climate with very high temperatures in summer season reaching 50℃. This study focuses on investigating possible mitigation strategies to ensure how we could improve the thermal comfort at pedestrian level for an urban area with intricate Western design (high-rise buildings, a large spacing between the buildings, asymmetrical canyon geometry, and lack of vegetation). We created four different scenarios to assess the role of vegetation elements such as trees, grass, and different shading patterns. The evaluation was performed in the hottest day in summer. For each scenario, the mean radiant temperature, specific humidity, air temperature, and wind speed distributions have been analyzed using ENVI-met software. Thermal comfort is assessed using the PET thermal index (Physiological Equivalent Temperature) and Predicted Mean Vote (PMV). The results reveal that the PET index can be reduced to 10.4 ℃, the temperature can be decreased of about 2.4℃ and PMV to 3. The study shows how the urban factors such as the aspect ratio, vegetation cover, shadings, and geometry of the canyon are crucial elements that urban planners and municipalities have to take into account, especially for new urban developments.
International Journal of Architecture and Urbanism
Humid tropical climates are areas with high humidity temperature characteristics. This high temperature is partly due to sunlight which is always constant throughout the day, while high humidity is usually associated with relatively high rainfall. Because of this, in general, buildings in this area have a fairly wide canopy or what is often referred to as a shading element in architecture. This will ultimately affect the thermal comfort of buildings in the humid tropics. In this study the authors tried to look at the two main factors that shape thermal comfort, namely the level of temperature and humidity. The author will compare three types of outdoor spaces, namely sheltered outdoor spaces with walls on one side, shaded rooms without walls and outdoor spaces without shade. The research was conducted by measuring temperature and humidity simultaneously at the three locations. Measurements were carried out for two weeks, at five different times with an interval of two hours. The res...
Ecological Engineering, 2013
For many years now, research has focused on issues concerning making cities easier to live in and some of the most important of these concern climatology and thermal comfort issues. There is also a growing awareness of the importance of open spaces and green areas, as key elements in providing opportunities for human interaction, leisure and physical exercise. They are important for all inhabitants, but particularly so for children and the elderly population. Of especial interest are the studies which have examined the interaction of comfort with the urban climate. This issue was studied throughout the twentieth century, but recently the role which can be played by biometeorological indices has come to be recognized, especially because of the better understanding them for those responsible for the design of these urban spaces. This study explores the application of the PET index to urban micro-spaces (urban structures), where general values for cities are not valid and where there is a need to know the PET values in order to measure the impact of all items of the urban environment which can provide an increase in comfort. The study was carried out in Valencia (Spain) with the aim of discovering, through these indices, the natural and ecological effects of urban design which can improve comfort. The study focused on: the role of water features, streets with and without trees, squares with hard and soft street surfaces, the effect of different street orientations and the impact of breezes on the city. We have found that the sheets of water, or ponds, provide a cooling effect for the space in which they are located because they have a lower albedo than its surrounding area. In narrow streets, the trees may have a blanket effect and prevent the passage of breezes. Water jets of the fountains should be designed to take advantage of the effect of the breeze to improve the thermal comfort in the surrounding area. The use of hard surfaces and light colors causes a great thermal stress in summer due to higher solar reflexivity that involves higher heat load.
Thermal comfort conditions of shaded outdoor spaces in hot and humid climate of Malaysia
Building and …, 2011
In recent years, the accelerated rate of urban growth in tropical cities highlights the critical necessity of creating more outdoor spaces for leisure and recreation activities of citizens. Nevertheless, the thermal conditions and the thermal sensation of users have not been fully explored in outdoor environments of hot and humid climate. This fact elucidates the need for considering human thermal comfort in outdoor spaces with such climates. Consequently, in this research, a quantitative field study was applied to investigate outdoor thermal comfort conditions in hot and humid tropical climate of Malaysia. Thermal conditions of outdoor spaces were evaluated based upon the measurement of major climatic parameters, while the thermal perception of subjects was captured simultaneously using a questionnaire survey. The study concentrated on the shaded outdoor spaces within the campus of Universiti Putra Malaysia whereas the focus was on the students of university including local and international individuals as the respondents of inquiry. Meanwhile, the Physiologically Equivalent Temperature (PET) thermal comfort index was utilized to assess the thermal comfort conditions of selected areas. Results from this study indicated besides the substantial role of environmental factors, thermal adaptation and psychological parameters strongly affect human thermal comfort level in outdoor spaces. Moreover, this study represents that there is a significant difference between the responses of the local and the international subjects regarding the climatic conditions. The final outcome of the study contributes toward creating comfortable outdoor spaces in hot and humid contexts to enhance the quality of outdoor life in cities.► We evaluate outdoor thermal comfort conditions of a university campus in Malaysia. ► Thermal comfort of shaded outdoor spaces was estimated using PET index. ► Local and international groups of students were respondents of enquiry. ► Thermal adaptation changes the perception of climatic conditions and human comfort level. ► High shading level in outdoor environments extends the continuity of the acceptable thermal condition during the day.
In a tropical humid climate, thermal comfort is difficult to achieve with respect to open spaces. Low air velocity, high humidity and high air temperature are experienced during the daytime. This paper discusses the measurement of thermal comfort condition and the results of predictable simulations in the Open Spaces of Recreation Park in Jakarta. Shading affects outdoor thermal environments and, then, influences the thermal perceptions of people in outdoor spaces. Since the majority of fields studies examining outdoor thermal comfort merely explains the characteristics measured on a particular day, these studies may not represent annual thermal conditions accurately. Therefore, this study conducted 6-field measurements was used to get the real temperature distribution across the open spaces and to analyze outdoor thermal conditions in open space of 3 Recreation Park in Jakarta. The physiologically mean vote (PMV) and physiological equivalent temperature (PET) are employed as a ther...
A B S T R A C T The present study was conducted in the tropical city of Bhopal, with the aim to understand the thermal comfort conditions in the open spaces during hot and dry conditions. Field surveys were conducted in three types of urban open spaces-urban parks, Lakefronts, and open lanes of a market. The study investigated the outdoor thermal comfort conditions in the three contrasting locations regarding objective environmental measurements and subjective evaluation of people's perception. The field measurements showed that the values of thermal comfort index (PET) in the urban parks was higher than the defined comfort limit (PET < 30 °C) during the afternoon hours of the study. The subjective assessment also depicts parks to be perceived as thermally comfortable open spaces in the city. Inferential statistics illustrate that tree canopy density significant affected the thermal comfort index PET, and the globe temperature significantly influenced the subjective perception of the thermal environment. Results thus highlight the importance of shade and radiation reduction in attaining thermal comfort in the urban open spaces during the afternoon.
Khulna University Studies
Sustainable design approaches reduce energy consumption of urban form and the environment. Urban public space design is an efficient sustainable strategy to improve thermal and microclimatic conditions of outdoor spaces. A tropical city like Rajshahi, Bangladesh, an example of a rapid urbanization, is now dealing with the challenge of sustainable urban development, especially in the urban public space where thermal comfort makes a vital role for active to use of outdoor space in the various time. People’s activities and usages of outdoor space particularly urban public place which is the most viable and sustainable features of urban design is directly affected by thermal setting and thus affect people’s activities. This research aims to calculate the thermal comfort indices to find out the comfort condition of the urban public space by using a CFD based simulation software “ENVI-Met”. Online sources are used to collect site specific microclimatic data for thermal comfort. Data is t...
Study on Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Hot and Humid Context
2012
In tropical context, the conditions of thermal comfort in outdoor environments extremely affect the people's satisfaction towards usage of open areas. Hence, creating acceptable thermally comfortable outdoor areas could be considered as one of the significant strategies for enhancing the quality of urban life and achieving a sustainable city in tropics. Therefore, this paper elucidates the thermal conditions of outdoor spaces in Malaysia to identify influential environmental parameters affecting thermal comfort of humans. Evaluating thermal comfort conditions highlights the noteworthy effect of T mrt (mean radiant temperature) on the variation of the thermal index, PET (Physiologically Equivalent Temperature) in hot and humid conditions. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that plants and vegetation surfaces, shade structures, characteristics of areas and design of built environment are substantially influential in contributing towards thermally comfortable outdoor environments. The findings illustrate that high shading level leads to a reduction in the PET values of an area (with a maximum value of about 18°C) by protection from direct solar radiation.
Measurement of Thermal Comfort in Urban Public Spaces Semarang, Indonesia
Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology, 2021
Indonesia reported a maximum annual temperature rise of 0.3°C in urban regions. Semarang, the largest metropolitan city in the province of Central Java, is also experiencing an increase in temperature due to climate change therefore activities in urban public spaces are disrupted due to the absence of a comfortable temperature. Urban design elements, including land cover materials, road geometry, vegetation and traffic frequency expressed significant effects on micro-climate. Measurement of Thermal Comfort in Urban Public Spaces Semarang was carried out s at the micro level as an old historical district The Old Town and Chinatown. This increment indeed influences thermal comfort level in its outdoor environments which are important for comfortability of outdoor activity. This study aims to analyse surface temperature through Thermal Comfort Measurement. Data was obtained by measuring air temperature, wind speed and humidity in the morning, afternoon, and evening. Inverse distance we...