Modelling and control of a grid-connected PV system for smart grid integration (original) (raw)
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Grid Connected PV Plant based on Smart Grid Control and Monitoring
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During the last decade, the renewable power sources such as photovoltaic (PV) modules are growing fast as an effective and cheap energy source. It is a crucial issue to integrate PV into the grid. In this paper, a control model for integration of PV system into the grid and the effectiveness of the PI controller in the system under different levels of solar irradiation are presented. An MPPT module with PI control developed in this work that is felicitous for power applications program; however, the problem of integration of PV is that it relies heavily on weather conditions. So, there is a necessity for developing control techniques for grid integration PV system including a method for voltage and current control that stabilises the voltage and current. An MPPT algorithm using DC/DC converter (Boost converter) is applied to make PV arrays to work at maximum power point. Then, the system behaviour and performance are studied. The system stability is also considered when there is a change in solar irradiation or a fault in the system. The simulation results of MATLAB/SIMULINK address that the proposed PI controller has a good performance.
Grid-Connected PV System with MPPT Control
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In this Paper we a grid interactive solar photovoltaic system is developed. The proposed system takes DC power input from solar photovoltaic module using a MPPT controller. MPPT (maximum power point tracking) is a mechanism used for obtaining optimum power from PV cell in varying intensity of sunlight. The Power obtained from the MPPT is then fed to the Inverter Circuit and then interfaced with the grid. The various techniques used for developing the MPPT logic are compared in this paper. Vector control method is also used for controlling active & reactive output to the grid. The proposed model will be developed using MATLAB/Simulink.
Maximum Power Point Tracking Controller Connecting PV System to Grid
Journal of Power Electronics, 2006
Photovoltaic (PV) generators have nonlinear V-I characteristics and maximum power points which vary with illumination level and temperature. Using a maximum power point tracker (MPPT) with an intermediate converter can increase the system efficiency by matching the PV systems to the load. This paper presents a maximum power point tracker based on fuzzy logic and a control scheme for a single-phase inverter connected to the utility grid. The fuzzy logic controller (FLC) provides an adaptive nature for system performance. Also the FLC provides excellent features such as fast response, good performance and the ability to change the fuzzy parameters to improve the control system. A single-phase AC-DC inverter is used to connect the PV system to the grid utility and local loads. While a control scheme is implemented to inject the PV output power to the utility grid at unity power factor and reduced harmonic level. The simulation results have shown the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Smart Control and Monitoring of Rooftop PV Power System
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This paper is introducing a smart Maximum Power Point Tracking technique for grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) energy system. The proposed is compared with perturb and observe (P&O) to evaluate and assess its performance. Gridconnected PV energy system in this research is connected to the utility grid through dc/dc boost converter and three-phase PWM converter. The whole system is simulated in Simulink. The maximum power extracted from the PV array under rapidly varying atmospheric and operating conditions is investigated using the proposed technique and state of the art circuits. The proposed MPPT technique is controlling boost converter and the PWM inverter to track the maximum power. The FLC is more efficient and quick in response for the maximum power tracking than P&O technique. Also, the oscillation around maximum power of P&O technique is higher than FLC technique. The PWM used to enhance the MPPT is used also to control the active and reactive power to utility grid. The outer dc-link voltage control loop is used to control active power by maintaining a constant voltage on the dc-link capacitor while the inner current control loop is used to the reactive power by setting the q-axis current reference to zero value for unity power factor achievement. The results proved the superiority, high accuracy and efficient performance of the FLC compared to P&O in dynamic, steady-state response and active and reactive power control to the utility grid.
SMART GRID WITH MAXIMUM POWER POINT TRACKING CONCEPT FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
The objective of this is to develop an interface for getting optimal energy from the renewable sources. Solar power is the main consideration of this project. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) circuit was developed to get optimal power from solar panel considering sun radiation and ambient temperature. After taking maximum power form solar panel, output current values were adjusted as required for charging a battery. Then DC output was inverted through an inverter circuit. If renewable power sources are not enough to charge or if the battery is discharged the system will shift to redundant power supply using switching circuit. For monitoring purposes sun radiation, ambient temperature, output voltages of each step were measured and displayed in LCD.
Due to the ever increase in the price of Grid Electricity, many countries are switching to Renewable sources. Energy from Sun in the form of Solar, Wind and Biomass Energy can be used by any electricity consumer. With the Net Metering approved by the Ceylon Electricity Board in Sri Lanka, Domestic consumers and all Commercial consumers will benefit by installing such renewable energy systems connected to the grid through an interface which will maximize the energy from these installed through a SMART system. This undergraduate research project the University of Ruhunu SriLanka describes the design, assembling and testing of such a system. The fetching the optimal energy is based on Maximum Power Point Tracking concept and the project was implemented for Solar PV power generation. Mainly the system was implemented based on power electronic theories.The Following parameters were considered at a particular time period. The Module Voltage, SunIrradiation and the ambient temperature. An algorithm was prepared to adjust the output current to fetch maximum power. The battery could be charged by the renewable sources and due to the environment changes the reliability of the output can be changed, therefore it is connected to the inverter through a power management system when renewable power source is not providing energy and if the battery is discharged then the system will shift to the redundant power supply. The system was tested and the results of them, the average efficiencies of the solar power generation system with and without maximum power point tracker were around 71.4% and 92.9% respectively.The system component ratings and electronic design depend upon the ratings of the input sources.The system that was implemented is a panel with the ratings of maximum power 120W and the optimum operating voltage and current and 17.2V and 6.98A respectively. This system cost was about Rs.18000 ($145) with component costs in Sri Lanka