Decoding Different Patterns in Various Grey Tones Incorporated in the QR Code (original) (raw)
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Color Image Coding and Decoding in QR Codes
International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering
Commonly the characters, numbers etc are embedding in QR codes. This paper introduces the concept of color image embeddings in QR codes. This is an automatic method to embed QR codes into color images with bounded probability of detection error. These embeddings are compatible with standard decoding applications and can be applied to any color image with full area coverage. To mitigate the visual distortion of the QR image, the algorithm utilizes halftoning masks for the selection of modified pixels and nonlinear programming techniques to locally optimize luminance levelsTake one color image and converted into gray image. Then this doing the masking process, window extraction, image embedding, decoding like processes. After this process the original gray image is taken from this.
IJERT-Design and Development of QR Code Recognition from Digital Image
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2021
https://www.ijert.org/design-and-development-of-qr-code-recognition-from-digital-image https://www.ijert.org/research/design-and-development-of-qr-code-recognition-from-digital-image-IJERTCONV9IS05039.pdf One of the most challenging topics is the recognition of qrcode recognition from image and encryption or decryption the information. The recognition of qrcode that was defines by computer or made by the computer its self using some encryption or decryption algorithm. The particular domain is the information is encrypted or decrypts information it describe particular information in secret code that contain authentication. QR code is the type of matrix barcode, which was first designed for the automotive industry by Denso Wave in Japan. The QR Code system has become admired outside the automotive industry due to its fast readability and greater storage capacity compared to standard UPC barcodes. This paper take account of QR codes basics, its real time application in day to day life and research areas associated. With the technology of mobile phones constantly emerging, especially in the area of mobile internet access, QR codes seem to be an adequate tool to quickly and efficiently converse URLs to users. This also allows offline media such as magazines, newspapers, business cards, public transport vehicles, signs, t-shirts and any other medium that can embrace the print of a QR code to be used as carriers for advertisements for online products. QR code being so versatile because of its structural flexibility that it leads to so many diverse field for research such as increasing data capacity, security applications such as different kinds of watermarking and steganography as well. Some experiments have also been done for better recognition of the QR code image that includes scratch removal techniques. Thus, this paper is an attempt to highlight some of possible research areas while considering QR codes.
International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET), 2022
Two-dimensional matrix barcodes called "Quick Response" (QR) are used. It must store much information compared to one-dimensional barcodes, and it must be decrypted quickly using any handheld device, including a smartphone. When creating two-dimensional matrix codes, these two considerations are taken into account. The possibility of security becomes a significant factor when a bar code contains sensitive information or private data Users are unsure of whether a QR code will connect them to reliable information or a malicious website because QR codes are simply square bar codes with a distinctive design. Recently, QR codes have been used in numerous application fields, and their use is growing quickly. As a result, more individuals are becoming acclimated to this technology and using it properly. Due to the QR code's increasing popularity as more people use smartphones, it is swiftly acquiring universal acceptance. Given their broad acceptance, the security aspect of QR codes, such as data leakage and data tampering, is critical. The paper offers a comprehensive overview of QR codes and their applications.
Design and Development of QR Code Recognition from Digital Image
International journal of engineering research and technology, 2021
One of the most challenging topics is the recognition of qrcode recognition from image and encryption or decryption the information. The recognition of qrcode that was defines by computer or made by the computer its self using some encryption or decryption algorithm. The particular domain is the information is encrypted or decrypts information it describe particular information in secret code that contain authentication. QR code is the type of matrix barcode, which was first designed for the automotive industry by Denso Wave in Japan. The QR Code system has become admired outside the automotive industry due to its fast readability and greater storage capacity compared to standard UPC barcodes. This paper take account of QR codes basics, its real time application in day to day life and research areas associated. With the technology of mobile phones constantly emerging, especially in the area of mobile internet access, QR codes seem to be an adequate tool to quickly and efficiently converse URLs to users. This also allows offline media such as magazines, newspapers, business cards, public transport vehicles, signs, t-shirts and any other medium that can embrace the print of a QR code to be used as carriers for advertisements for online products. QR code being so versatile because of its structural flexibility that it leads to so many diverse field for research such as increasing data capacity, security applications such as different kinds of watermarking and steganography as well. Some experiments have also been done for better recognition of the QR code image that includes scratch removal techniques. Thus, this paper is an attempt to highlight some of possible research areas while considering QR codes.
Rich QR Code for Multimedia Management Applications
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2015
The Quick Response (QR) code is the most popular graphical code in the world today. These codes are used for storage of information, but they have a limited storage capacity. In this paper, we present a two level QR (2LQR) code, which stores information on two levels. The first (public) level is accessible to everyone and can be read by any classical QR code reader. The second (supplementary) level is readable only by a selected group of users, which have a specific reader application. This code increases storage capacity of standard QR code. We use specific textured patterns for construction of a second level. We also suggest a blind pattern recognition method, which is based on maximization of correlation values.
Solving QR Code Distortions using a Recursive-based Backtracking Algorithm
2019
Quick Response (QR) codes are getting widely popular as the demand for mobile computing is increasing, too. However, a QR code has apparently a data limit problem when we consider designing color QR codes. Despite having color QR codes decoding from printed material, new problems appear due to different printer’s color depth, paper quality, environmental effect, dust, light glare and other environmental effects. In our model, we proposed a new algorithm to find an area consisting of several bit positions. We have applied an area-based bit detection method based on the percentage of the color level instead of the general binary color bit detection system. This is independent of the printer and the printed substances effect. There is no need for the color correction palette. Based on our experimental results, our findings demonstrate that we can produce a better result without having any image filtering first.
Fast Statistical Image Binarization of Colour Images for the Recognition of the QR Codes
Elektronika ir Elektrotechnika, 2015
The article concerns the fast image binarization based on the application of the statistical Monte Carlo method applied for the recognition of the QR codes from colour images, especially captured by mobile devices' cameras. Due to limited processing possibilities of some mobile devices as well as relatively low quality of some optical systems in built-in cameras, fast binarization methods are very useful for rapid recognition of the 2-D binary codes which can be found on the packages of various products and even on the street billboards. Captured images of such QR codes usually contain some background objects, may be blurred or may contain some other distortions which can hamper or make it impossible to recognize the code even considering the presence of redundant data included using Reed-Solomon's code. These problems may also occur in differing lighting conditions where the impact of binarization method and its results may be critical for further processing. The experimental results presented in the paper obtained for various colour spaces confirm the usefulness of the fast Monte Carlo based image binarization for the fast recognition of the QR codes, especially in presence of distortions and varying lighting conditions. Additionally, high performance of the Monte Carlo method allows checking different variants of binarization in order to choose the most appropriate one.
QRGB+: Advanced QR Code Generator with RGB Color Method in Python to Expand Data Capacity
Journal of Sensor Networks and Data Comunications - ISSN 2994-6433, 2024
The present work entitled QRGB, consists of the development of an application in Python for the generation of QR codes using the additive color generation (RGB) method. This innovative method allows increasing the density of information stored in QR codes by using three color layers (red, green and blue), each representing a different set of data. QRGB offers an efficient and secure solution for storing and transmitting large amounts of information in limited spaces, significantly improving the capabilities of traditional black and white QR codes. By using three layers of colors, QRGB codes can store up to three times more information in the same space. This technique not only increases storage capacity but also improves information security, making it difficult to forge or manipulate the code. The overlay of multiple data layers allows redundancy to be implemented, increasing the robustness of the code against damage or reading errors. QRGBs are especially useful in applications that require the transmission of large amounts of data in limited spaces, such as in the packaging industry, digital business cards, and interactive advertising. Additionally, they have great potential in areas such as document and banknote security, where the authenticity and integrity of information are crucial. These points provide a solid foundation for understanding the innovation and advantages of colored QR codes (QRGB) compared to traditional QR codes, highlighting their applicability and potential in various sectors. This article presents a novel method for encoding and decoding information using a QRGB code, which involves the generation of three independent QR codes and their superimposition according to the additive color system (RGB). The research highlights the challenges encountered during the encoding and decoding processes due to the lack of specific libraries in Python, which required the creation of a custom solution using open source tools. The implementation takes advantage of Python and its libraries: qrcode[pil] to generate QR codes with the Pillow dependency for image manipulation, Pillow to open, manipulate and save different image formats, and opencv-python to perform tasks such as image processing and object detection. Despite facing issues with color mixing and accurate information retrieval, the proposed method demonstrates a significant increase in data density within a single QR code. Future work will focus on optimizing the algorithm and exploring potential applications in data security and high-density information storage. This Python script is designed to generate and decode QR codes with a logo overlay using a graphical user interface (GUI) built with Tkinter. The script combines several functionalities, such as creating QR codes, overlaying a logo, combining QR images of different colors, and manually decoding combined QR codes.
Appearance-Based QR Code Beautifier
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, 2000
Quick Response (QR) code is a widely used matrix bar code with the increasing population of smart phones. However, QR code usually consists of random textures which are not suitable for incorporating with other visual designs (e.g. name card and business advertisement poster). In order to overcome the shortcomings of noise-like looks of QR codes, we propose a systematic QR code beautification framework where the visual appearance of QR code is composed of visually meaningful patterns selected by users, and more importantly, the correctness of message decoding is kept intact. Our work makes QR code from machine decodable only (i.e. standardized random texture) to a personalized form with human visual pleasing appearance. We expect the proposed QR code beautifier can inspire more visual-pleasant mobile multimedia applications.