Simultaneous electroanalytical determination of luteolin and rutinusing artificial neural networks (original) (raw)
2014, Sensors and actuators B: Chemical
In this study, we propose an electroanalytical method to quantify simultaneously luteolin and rutin,two flavonoids which are present in a pharmaceutical formulation. The methodology is based on squarewave voltammetry at glassy carbon electrodes modified with multiwalled carbon nanotubes dispersed inpolyethylenimine. Both flavonoids show quasi-reversible surface redox couples in 10% ethanol + 1 mol L−1HClO4aqueous solutions, which are defined in potential regions very close to each other. The adsorptionprocess of flavonoids on the modified electrode surface was carried out using an accumulation potentialof 0.55 V (vs. Ag/AgCl, 3 mol L−1KCl), and an accumulation time of 20 min.Considering that luteolin and rutin electrochemical responses show a high degree of overlapping, weprocessed the electrochemical signals using artificial neural networks. We used a supervised network,feed-forward network with Levenberg-Marquardt back propagation training. Values of 92.6 ± 0.4 and92 ± 1 mg per tablet were determined by the artificial neural networks methodology for luteolin andrutin, respectively. According to values declared by the manufacturer, differences of 7.4 and 8.0% werecalculated for luteolin and rutin, respectively. Results obtained with electroanalytical methodologieswere in very good agreement with those obtained by HPLC.
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Rutin is a flavonoid commonly employed for many therapeutic purposes. Although the electroactive phenolic groups of rutin might be oxidized at low applied potential, the adsorption of oxidized species changes the electrode surface. As a consequence, the repeatability and reproducibility of the method decreases, which limits electroanalytical applications. This paper describes the use of disposable screen-printed electrodes as an alternative to improve the electrochemical quantification of rutin in commercial and standard samples. The electrochemical behavior was consistent to what is observed using other carbon electrodes: an adsorption-involved step and a pH-dependent oxidation process. The replacement of the electrodes between the analyses ensured rapid analysis, good intermediate precision and repeatability. The proposed method was successfully applied to rutin determination in pharmaceutical samples of capsules, with the limit of quantification being 0.30 µM.
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