Reduction of the nutritional values of diets for hens through supplementation with phytase (original) (raw)
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Carbohydrase and phytase supplementation in diets for semi-heavy laying hens
Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences, 2014
This study was conducted in order to evaluate the association of phytase with an enzymatic complex comprised of carbohydrases (α-galactosidase, galactomannan, xylanase and β-glucanase) in nutrition reduction diets for semi-heavy laying hens and its effect on egg performance and egg quality. Four hundred Isa Brown laying hens with 42 to 57 weeks of age were distributed in an entirely random experiment with five treatments and 8 repetitions, during five production periods of 21 days. Variables studied: egg production, feed intake, mean egg weight, feed conversion, Haugh unit, percentage of yolk, egg white and albumen, yolk color, eggshell thickness and specific gravity. There was a significant interaction (p < 0.05) between treatments and experimental periods for feed intake. There were no significant effects (p > 0.05) of treatment on production, egg weight or internal and external egg quality. Treatment effects on feed conversion showed better values for hens fed with the control diet. The levels of nutrient reduction used in the diets with or without enzyme supplementation did not provide good results with regard to feed conversion and feed intake. However, they did not affect the other parameters for egg production and internal and external egg quality.
Animals : an Open Access Journal from MDPI, 2021
Simple Summary The aim of this work was to elucidate how the dietary inclusion of phytase, at a normal dose and overdosed, could affect the utilization of nutrients and performance in young laying hens. When a diet deficient in Ca and P was applied, the dietary inclusion of phytase at low doses (500 FTU/kg) led to an improvement in the digestive efficiency of P in the first weeks after introduction. However, when these deficient diets were maintained in the long term, laying hens improved their digestive utilization of both Ca and P, a higher dose of phytase (1000 FTU/kg) being required to achieve greater P availability. This overdosage also provided additional extraphosphoric advantages, slightly improving access to other nutrients and the feed conversion rate of the hens. Abstract A total of 192 laying hens were used to evaluate the effect of dietary mineral content and phytase dose on nutrient utilization, egg production and quality and bone mineralization of young laying hens. F...
The effect of enzyme and protein source on laying hens performance, eggshell and bone traits
Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, 2019
The aim of the study was to investigate the interaction between exogenous phytase with protease and protein source in laying hens diet. A completely randomised design study with a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement was conducted to observe effects of protein source (soybean vs. yellow lupine seeds diet) and enzyme addition (no enzyme vs. phytase or protease or both) on laying hens performance, bone mineralization and some egg traits. One hundred sixty Hy-Line Brown hens at the age of 18 weeks were weighed and randomly assigned to 10 treatments, each with 16 birds. According to the producer recommendation in diets containing enzymes reduced the level of available phosphorus (50% reduction) and digestible amino acids - 5% reduction. The egg production during the entire experiment was similar in all groups without significant differences. The egg weight was also on an equal level in all treatments and it was about 58g. Birds fed different protein source were characterized by similar feed inta...
South African Journal of Animal Science
Four hundred and eighty 54-week old Nick-Brown hens were assigned to four dietary treatments. Each treatment consisted of four replications of 10 cages (three hens per cage). The experimental diets were: 4.5 g available phosphorus (aP)/kg without phytase (control); 4.5 g aP/kg with phytase; 3.0 g aP/kg without phytase; 3.0 g aP/kg with phytase. Commercial microbial phytase, Natuphos®, was added at 300 phytase unit (FTU) /kg diet. Diets were isonitrogenous (16.5% crude protein) and isoenergetic (11.5 MJ, ME/kg). Criteria evaluated included egg production, feed consumption, feed conversion, proportion of cracked/broken eggs, egg weight, eggshell weight, eggshell strength, eggshell thickness and body weight. Phytase supplementation to the control diet (4.5 g aP/kg) and the low 3.0 g aP/kg diet significantly increased hen-day egg production from 75.49 to 77.96% and from 64.59 to 76.54%, respectively. Average daily feed consumption was significantly different between treatments: Phytase supplementation to the control and the 3.0 g aP/kg diets increased daily feed consumption significantly from 101.31 to 103.43 g/day and from 95.24 to 101.69 g/day, respectively. There were no significant differences between the treatments in eggshell weight, eggshell thickness, eggshell strength and cracked/broken eggs. Phytase supplementation to the control (4.5 g aP/kg) and the 3.0 g aP/kg diets increased egg weight significantly from 62.66 to 64.32 g. and from 62.49 to 63.98 g, respectively. The beneficial effects of phytase supplementation to laying hen diets were clearly evident under the high ambient temperatures pertaining to this study. Hens consuming the 3.0 g aP/kg diet with phytase performed as well as hens fed the diet containing 4.5 g aP/kg without phytase.
International Journal of Poultry Science, 2012
An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of dietary organic acid and phytase supplementation on performance and calcium and phosphorus utilization in laying hens. Two hundred 23wk-old Brown Nick layers were randomly allocated into 50 cages (42 x 50 cm) each containing 4 birds. Each dietary treatment had 5 replications and each replication comprised two adjacent cages. Corn-soybean meal based rations were used. Five dietary treatments were formed as followed: (1) a basal ration with no supplemental P (negative control, NC) (2750 kcal ME/kg, 17% CP, 0.34% total P, 3.8% Ca), (2) basal ration supplemented with dicalcium phosphate (1.4%) (positive control, PC), (3) basal ration supplemented with 0.035% phytase (ZY Phytase II-5, NC+P), (4) basal ration supplemented with 1.0% organic acid (Salstop SD, NC+OA) and (5) basal ration supplemented with both 0.035% phytase and 1.0% organic acid (NC+POA). Water and feed were provided for ad libitum consumption and a lighting program of 16 h light : 8 h dark was applied throughout the study. NC treatment resulted in body weights that were lower (p<0.05) than those of hens fed diets supplemented with phytase, organic acid, or both. Hens fed diets supplemented with dicalcium phosphate, phytase and organic acid and phytase had higher egg production (p<0.001) (91.3, 86.1 and 93.7% respectively) compared to hens fed either basal diet (78.5%) or basal diet with organic acid supplementation (78.6%). Additionally, the unsupplemented or organic acid supplemented diet had lower FI and higher FCR (p<0.01). Hen tibia ash and serum calcium levels were not affected by the dietary treatments whereas diets supplemented with dicalcium phosphate, phytase and phytase + organic acid had higher (p<0.01) serum inorganic phosphorus. The results of this study indicate that dietary phytase improves P utilization in corn-soybean meal based diets with no supplemental P and acidification of gastrointestinal tract may further improve this utilization.
Evaluation of Using Phytase Nutrient Equivalency Values for Layer Hens and Broiler Chickens
Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2009
Two experiments were conducted to determine the effect of phytase supplementation on layer hens and broiler chickens performance and compare the use of phytase nutrient equivalency values in feed formulation with those fed conventional diet. In the first experiment, 640 commercial broiler chicks were used from 11 to 49 days of age. The experimental units were allocated at random to 4 dietary treatments × two sexes with 4 replicates per treatment. The first dietary treatment was formulated with no addition of phytase (C), the second diet contained 500 FTU kg -1 phytase over the top (C+P), and the third diet contained 500 FTU kg -1 phytase which was calculated as half of the nutrient equivalency values for phyatse (50E). The fourth dietary treatment contained 500 FTU kg -1 phyatse which was calculated as the total nutrient equivalency values for phytase (100E). In the second experiment 288 Hy-line W-36 hens were used from 60 to 72 weeks of age. The treatments consisted of a control di...
Diet supplementation with phytase on performance of broiler chickens
Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 2012
The assay was carried out to determine the effect of phytase supplementation on performance of broilers from 1 to 21 and 1 to 40 days of age. Twelve hundred and fifty male broilers (Ross) were distributed in a randomized experimental design, with five treatments, 10 repetitions and 25 birds per experimental unit. The treatments consisted of evaluating the phytase supplementation in diets with reductions in nutritional levels, compared with the positive control.
Dietary phytase levels on performance and egg quality of Japanese quails
Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 2011
The experiment was conducted to evaluate the addition of phytase on productive performance and egg quality of Japanese quails fed diets containing different levels of phytase. It was used 320 Japanese quails at 167 days of age, weighing 182.3 ± 3.8 g distributed in a completely randomized design with four experimental diets and eight repetitions of ten birds per experimental unit. Diets were formulated from a basal diet (control) and they were corn and soybean meal based, without supplementation, added with 200, 400 or 600 phytase activity unit (ftu). Supplementation of phytase in the diets improved productive performance and quality of eggs. Efficiency of phosphorus use for egg mass, from 0.13% of availability of this mineral in the ration, improved with supplementation of 463 ftu/kg. Optimum levels of phytase for the other performance traits and egg quality were also reached with 463 ftu/kg.
Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2015
Starter, grower and finisher maize-based diets (Diets A) were formulated to marginal nutrient specifications and offered to broilers from 1 to 14, 15 to 27, and 28 to 40 days post-hatch, respectively. Nutrient specifications were reduced (Diets B) and offered to broilers without and with 500 FTU/kg phytase; specifications were further reduced to create a second tier of reduced nutrient specifications (Diets C) without and with 1000 FTU/kg phytase. The study was conducted using 240 male Ross 308 chicks with each of the 5 treatments consisting of 8 replicates of 6 birds per replicate. Growth performance was monitored during each phase of the grow-out period, mineral retentions were determined in the grower phase and nutrient utilisation in the finisher phase. Apparent digestibility coefficients of nitrogen were determined in the proximal jejunum, distal jejunum, proximal ileum and distal ileum in broilers at 40 days post-hatch. In addition, N digestion rates (K nitrogen) were determined. Over the 40-day feeding period, declining nutrient specifications decreased weight gains in broilers offered non-supplemented diets from 2721 (Diets A) to 2627 (Diets B) and 2525 g/bird (Diets C) and increased FCR from 1.551 to 1.577 and 1.605 in the corresponding diets. The differences in weight gain (7.20%) and FCR (3.48%) between Diets A and Diets C were significant (P < 0.05). From 1 to 40 days post-hatch, phytase improved weight gain in broilers offered diets B by 11.8% (P < 0. 001) and those offered diets C by 13.4% (P < 0. 001) and both treatments outperformed diets A (P < 0. 001). Phytase enhanced FCR in chicks offered diets C by 3.80% (1.544 versus 1.605, P < 0.05). Phytase supplementation of diets B increased AMEn by 0.23 MJ (P < 0.05). Phytase supplementation of diets C increased AME by 0.41 MJ (P < 0.001), AME:GE ratios by 2.62% (P < 0.001) and N retention by 5.4 percentage units (P < 0.001). Phytase enhanced retentions of calcium, phosphorus, and sodium in both diets B and C (P < 0.001). Phytase supplementation of diets B improved (P < 0.01) apparent digestibility coefficients of nitrogen at four small intestinal sites with increases ranging from 79.9% (proximal jejunum) to 11.3% (distal ileum) culminating in an increase (P < 0.01) in N digestion rates (K nitrogen) of 64% from 2.59 to 4.24 × 10 −2 min −1. Phytase supplementation
Macedonian Journal of Animal Science, 2012
This research was conducted to determine the effects of phytase or dicalcium phosphate (DCP) supplementation on performance, egg quality, serum total protein (TP), calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) level, tibia ash, Ca and P concentration, excreta ash, Ca and P level of barley based protein deficient quail diets. A total of 270, 10 wk old quails were used. Diets were insufficient in available P and had a different crude protein (CP) level (16, 18, 20%). It was made phytase or DCP supplementation on each protein level. At the end of the study, quails had similar body weight, body weight change and feed conversion ratio although feed consumption was affected by the CP level (P<0.05). Egg weight was heaviest in 18, 20% CP level (P<0.05). Albumen index, Haugh Unit, serum TP and excreta P level (P<0.05) were affected by CP percentages of the diet. Phytase increased the serum P concentration (P<0.05). P excretion was lowest in control and phytase groups by 38% (P<0.01). As a result, the CP level of quail diets shouldn't be lower than 18% and DCP didn't cause any improvement of the research criteria in the layer period. Phytase can be used in this period if it is economical.