Transaction Level Modelling of SCA Compliant Software Defined Radio Waveforms and Platforms PIM/PSM (original) (raw)
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Wireless communication has become an integral part of our everyday life. In order to meet the current requirements of wireless operators and technology providers, Software Defined Radios (SDRs) are used. SDR is a form of radio that performs the signal processing in software. The requirements include flexible design, upgrade and reuse of radios. In this thesis, we propose a model based design approach to develop SDRs. Specifically, we present constructs to model the digital baseband processing in an SDR. As a case study, we model a Digital Video Broadcasting Terrestrial (DVBT) decoder over a heterogeneous Multi Processor System-on-Chip (MPSoC) which is MARS. A typical SDR may have data and reception dependent operations referred to as scenarios during its operation. These operations have varying resource requirements. We present constructs to model scenarios. Moreover, we identify the scenarios present in a DVBT decoder. SDRs usually have a high data rate that requires efficient impl...
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Journal of Signal Processing Systems, 2017
After making constant significant advancements in the field of Wireless Software Defined Radios (SDRs), it is now clear that the related technologies are maturing. It is well known that SDRs are inherently flexible by nature. Still, there is a constant push for efforts to keep increasing the flexibility of Wireless Software Defined Radios. This need for increase in flexibility is not just limited to radios in the civil market but also in the tactical market due to increase in coalition forces working together in sensitive areas of the world. Among various ways to increase this flexibility, some of them are using open standards and architectures, improved techniques in digital signal processing and development of more efficient embedded systems. Thus, this Special Issue of the Springer Journal of Signal Processing Systems focuses on the before mentioned areas of advanced SDRs technologies which help in building more efficient and flexible SDRs. This Special Issue is divided into four sections and consisting of nine articles. The first section explains the role played by the Software Communications Architecture (SCA) in modern SDRs in the tactical domain. The SCA is an open standard developed by the US DoD which is widely accepted because it aims at achieving two major goals of SDRs i.e. interoperability and portability. These features contribute in making tactical SDRs more flexible.
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Journal of Signal Processing Systems, 2017
The Joint Tactical Radio System was the first major program that sought to develop a new family of radio systems using a software-based architecture. A new software-oriented architecture, the Software Communications Architecture was developed as a common, interoperable foundation for this new family of tactical radios. The fundamental objective was to enable radio systems to support multiple waveforms, allow for software-only upgrades of operational capabilities and ultimately reduce the tail-end logistics, maintenance and upgrade costs. However, within the first few years the program experienced difficulties and setbacks resulting in cost and schedule overruns. Several program reviews and analyses were performed to assess the reasons for the problems encountered. Although multiple causes were cited for the failures, this paper puts forth the assertion that a key aspect of the engineering process, systems engineering, was not planned into the program and a fundamental cause for many of the issues encountered.
Software Defined Radio: The Software Communications Architecture
2007
In Part III we build up a series of examples that provide the reader with tangible evidence as to the capabilities offered by an SCA Operating Environment (OE). Recall that an SCA OE consists of a POSIX operating system, a minimum CORBA ORB, a Core Framework, and certain CORBA-based Services. Since SCA-compliant software radios that are capable of interfacing the ether are not widely available, we shall make use of the abstractions offered by the SCA. An SCA Device does not need to be a modem or an RF power amplifier. It could be an Internet appliance, a serial port, or a sound card. The sound card is particularly attractive because it has Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog converters just like a software radio. No matter what physical device is overlaid by an SCA Device the concept remains the same. If anything the reader should understand by now that the SCA really has nothing to do with software radios at all. It is a generic construct that can be applied to any distributed system that has applications contending for limited resources. Subsequent chapters will explore, by code example, features of each OE element available to the applications programmer. 14.1 An Operating Environment From Chapter 1, Figure 1.6, the applications programmers must follow a few rules in accessing the layers of middleware upon which the application resides. Briefly, an application or a Core Framework's Base Application Interface is allowed to access the Operating System (OS) only through POSIX interfaces denoted as mandatory in the SCA Appendix B. An applications programmer is allowed to access the ORB only through interfaces described in the minimum CORBA specification [1]. An example of a disallowed ORB interface would be anything from the Dynamic Invocation Interface (DII) vocabulary. The applications programmer is allowed to access the IDL interfaces of the Naming Service, Event Service, and Log Service. Finally the applications programmer is allowed to access and inherit from any of the Core Framework interfaces identified in the SCA Appendix C. As a footnote, in SCA 3.2.1.1, the applications programmer 'shall perform file access through the CF File interfaces'. The list of mandatory POSIX interfaces (SCA Appendix B) provides all the means necessary to open, read, write, and close files but the applications programmer is disallowed the use of these interfaces. In many places in the SCA we see the escape clause
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Future radio transceivers supporting the software radio concept will provide increased features for radio access networks. However, the reconfiguration of radio equipment requires the existence of an architecture, a common framework, which allows the flexible management of software running on radio processors. Such a framework must take into account the heterogeneity of hardware devices and platforms for radio applications. Since the flexibility has a cost in terms of added overhead, a conceptually simple but efficient structure that allows powerful mechanisms to develop and deploy software radio applications is required. This paper describes our approach, the reasons that motivated it, and some implementation issues. The proposed framework is essentially based on four items: an abstraction layer which hides any platform-dependent issue, a simple time-driven software structure, a delimited interface format for software blocks which does not actually constrain communication, and a global time-reference mechanism to guarantee real-time behaviour.
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Radio communications have evolved through an extended history of theoretical and practical component development into modern devices most often envisioned as the ubiquitous smart phones found in almost everyone's hand on a university campus. During this development, radios have evolved from analog devices operating at low frequencies into nearly all digital processing systems referred to as Software Defined Radio (SDR) operating in frequency bands over 1 Gigahertz. Although specific forms and types of communication are fiercely pursued by commercial communication companies and industry, there remain numerous concepts where further advancement is possible, and applications, possibly less commercially viable, where advancements and improvements may provide tremendous benefit. In this study, the availability of advanced programmable digital signal processing components for personal computers and digital system design that can be readily incorporated in SDR have been investigated, incorporated and demonstrated. The components involved in the implementations and simulations include personal computers, Graphical Processing Unit (GPU) based graphics cards, Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), Raspberry PI, and open source software. Moreover, the most important factors that have been considered in this dissertation are: flexibility, modularity, scalability, and performance.
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The Altera Cyclone family of FPGA provides the ability to perform run time reconfiguration which is known as Dynamic Reconfiguration. Current technology allows designers to implement complete embedded computing systems on a single FPGA. Using an FPGA as the implementation platform introduces greater flexibility into the design process and allows a new approach to embedded system design. Since there is no cost to reprogramming an FPGA, system performance can be measured on-chip in the runtime environment and the system's architecture can be altered based on an evaluation of the data to meet design requirements.This paper concentrates on designing a reconfigurable platform which consists of reconfigurable coprocessors that can be used in various applications. The architecture that we have developed for the generic reconfigurable coprocessor is well suited for multiple application domains. It ties in to the sequential RISC processor based C programming framework where in the coproc...