Pulmonary and serum antibody responses elicited in zebu cattle experimentally infected with Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides SC by contact exposure (original) (raw)
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Onderstepoort J Vet Res, 2007
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP), caused by Mycoplasma mycoides var. mycoides small colony (MmmSC), is one of the most important diseases of cattle in Africa. The role of innate or acquired cell mediated and humoral immunity in conferring protection against MmmSC infection has not yet been elucidated. On the other hand, the pathological lesions caused by the aetiological agent have been considered indicative of an immunopathological process. In this study ten naïve cattle were exposed to in-contact infection with animals infected by intubation with a strain of MmmSC. Clinical signs, antibody response, IFNg release and pathological changes at necropsy were analysed and compared with the events following in-contact infection of an equal number of animals kept under daily treatment with cyclosporine for the entire observation period of 84 days. Cyclosporine is a suppressor of the immune response related to the T-cell system. Under the conditions of the experiment, cyclosporine ...
Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 2007
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP), caused by Mycoplasma mycoides var. mycoides small colony (MmmSC), is one of the most important diseases of cattle in Africa. The role of innate or acquired cell mediated and humoral immunity in conferring protection against MmmSC infection has not yet been elucidated. On the other hand, the pathological lesions caused by the aetiological agent have been considered indicative of an immunopathological process. In this study ten naïve cattle were exposed to in-contact infection with animals infected by intubation with a strain of MmmSC. Clinical signs, antibody response, IFNg release and pathological changes at necropsy were analysed and compared with the events following in-contact infection of an equal number of animals kept under daily treatment with cyclosporine for the entire observation period of 84 days. Cyclosporine is a suppressor of the immune response related to the T-cell system. Under the conditions of the experiment, cyclosporine ...
Small Ruminant Research, 2002
The pathological features of experimental infection with Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony (Mmm SC) isolated from cattle (CBPP strain) and sheep (mastitis strain) were investigated in 16 out of 36 ewes using an intratrachealendobronchial route of inoculation. Animals kept in-contact with infected animals, as well as those of a control group, were also studied. The immune response to two strains was also assessed. Complement fixation test (CFT) and immunoblotting (IBT) used for contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) diagnosis, were performed on serum obtained from weekly blood samples. Only one ewe inoculated twice with the bovine isolate showed hyperplasia of the germinal centres in the lymph nodes and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue in the lung. This ewe also exhibited a CFT titre of 1:160 simultaneously showing specific antibodies to 110, 98, 95, 62 and 48 kDa immunogenic bands. Interstitial pneumonia and thickening of pulmonary septa were observed in 10 inoculated and 6 in-contact ewes. Statistical analysis of the incidence of interstitial pneumonia indicated that the lesion was related to mycoplasma infection.
Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 2008
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is a lung disease caused by the bacterial pathogen Mycoplasma mycoides ssp. mycoides small colony type (MmmSC). It has been spreading due to a number of factors including poor vaccine efficacy and poor sensitivity of current diagnostic tests. The purpose of this study was to assess interferon gamma (IFN-g) release after stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from experimentally infected cattle. PBMC collected from 15 artificially infected animals were incubated with different concentrations of total MmmSC antigen. After 72 h of incubation the IFN-g release was measured and found to be elevated in 11 animals. We did not observe a correlation between IFN-g release of animals with and without pathomorphological gross lesions. Therefore, our data do not confirm a role for CD4 T-lymphocytes in protection, since there is no correlation between IFN-g secretion (supposed to be mainly derived from CD4 T-cells) and disease severity. Additionally, we applied immunocytochemistry on affected lung tissue and detected no build up of T-lymphocytes (CD4 T-cells, CD8 T-cells) but a high presence of myeloid cells.
Veterinary Research, 2011
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP), caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides, is an important livestock disease in Africa. The current control measures rely on a vaccine with limited efficacy and occasional severe side effects. Knowledge of the protective arms of immunity involved in this disease will be beneficial for the development of an improved vaccine. In previous studies on cattle infected with M. mycoides subsp. mycoides, a correlation was detected between the levels of mycoplasma-specific IFN-γ-secreting CD4+ T lymphocytes and reduced clinical signs. However, no cause and effect has been established, and the role of such cells and of protective responses acquired during a primary infection is not known. We investigated the role of CD4+ T lymphocytes in CBPP by comparing disease patterns and post mortem findings between CD4+ T cell depleted and non-depleted cattle. The depletion was carried out using several injections of BoCD4 specific murine monoclonal antibody ...
Infection and Immunity, 2015
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is a serious respiratory disease of cattle caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides. Current vaccines against CBPP induce short-lived immunity and can cause severe postvaccine reactions. Previous studies have identified the N terminus of the transmembrane lipoprotein Q (LppQ-N=) of M. mycoides subsp. mycoides as the major antigen and a possible virulence factor. We therefore immunized cattle with purified recombinant LppQ-N= formulated in Freund's adjuvant and challenged them with M. mycoides subsp. mycoides. Vaccinated animals showed a strong seroconversion to LppQ, but they exhibited significantly enhanced postchallenge glomerulonephritis compared to the placebo group (P ؍ 0.021). Glomerulonephritis was characterized by features that suggested the development of antigen-antibody immune complexes. Clinical signs and gross pathological scores did not significantly differ between vaccinated and placebo groups. These findings reveal for the first time the pathogenesis of enhanced disease as a result of antibodies against LppQ during challenge and also argue against inclusion of LppQ-N= in a future subunit vaccine for CBPP.
Veterinary sciences, 2018
is associated with several clinical syndromes of cattle. Currently, limited information is available on the sensitivity () and specificity () of serological assays used for the detection of-specific antibodies. Consequently, it is difficult to critically evaluate the outcomes of studies that use these assays. Therefore, the current study used bovine sera sourced fromexposure studies from three countries to estimate theandof two commercialenzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), BIO K302 and BIO K260, and Western blotting. Western blotting had the highestestimate of 74% (95% confidence interval (CI): 16-98%), compared to the BIO K302: 47% (95% CI: 10-87%) and BIO K260: 28% (95% CI: 1-92%). However, forthe BIO K302: 96% (95% CI: 87-99%) and the BIO K260: 100% (95% CI: 93-100%) out-performed Western blotting: 88% (95% CI: 56-98%). Western blotting was the best assay for detecting seroconversion, correctly identifying 61% (95% CI: 29-86%) of exposed animals compared to 35% for BIO K3...
Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Series B, 1996
Lung samples from pneumonic lesions in cattle and goats, naturally or experimentally infected with strains of the Mycoplasma q c o i h s cluster, were fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin. An immunohistochemical technique using monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies was performed on tissue sections in order to detect Mycoplasma antigens. Four monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), one (2A3) raised against M. mycoides ssp. qcoides small colony (SC) and large colony (LC), two (1D3 and 5E5) against M. mycoddes ssp. Capri, and one (5A10) against M. bovis, were used. A range of polyclonal antibodies, raised to the individual subspecies of the M. mycoides cluster, and one to Pasteudkz buemo&ica, was also used. The MAb 2A3 showed positive immunostaining in lung sections from cattle and goats naturally and experimentally infected with M. mycoides ssp. mycoides SC and LC, but not with pneumonic lesions of cattle and goats due to other members of the M. mycoides cluster, M. bovis or Pasteunliu spp. The MAb 1D3 showed immunostaining in lung sections from goats naturally and experimentally infected with M. qcoides ssp. cupri, but again not with pneumonic lesions caused by other members of the M. q c o d h s cluster, M. bovis or Pasfeudla spp. The MAb 5E5 immunoreacted in sections from pneumonic lesions from all animals infected with one of the three M. mycoides cluster subspecies used in the study, but not with M. bovis or Pasteutzllu infected tissue. Immunoreaction was mainly found in the cell debris around necrotic areas, as well as in macrophages, neutrophils and epithelial cells. The localization of antigens of the M. mycoides cluster using polyclonal antisera followed basically the same pattern as that obtained with the monoclonals. However, a wide cross reactivity was found between different antisera and relatively high background immunostaining was also seen, especially in necrotic areas. The results suggest that immunohistochemical methods using monoclonal antibodies are useful tools for the diagnosis and study of the pathogenesis of pneumonia caused by the Mycoplasmas of the M. mycoides cluster.