United States Patent ( 19 ) Payne et al . 54 ERBIUM-DOPED FIBRE AMPLIFIER WITH SHAPEID SPECTRAL GAIN 75 Inventors (original) (raw)
Analytic modeling of high-gain erbium-doped fiber amplifiers
Optics Letters, 1992
We describe an analytic method that calculates accurately (within a 1.5-dB discrepancy with numerical models) the gain of an erbium-doped fiber amplifier. Amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) is taken into account so that the gain of ASE-saturated erbium-doped fiber amplifiers is calculated properly. It is effective for wavelength multiplexing (several signals) and for different pumping schemes (copropagating or counterpropagating or both).
Experimental validation of a black box model for L-band erbium doped fiber amplifiers
We experimentally validate a black box model for long-wavelength erbium doped fiber amplifiers. The agreement between the model and the experiments is closer than in the case of conventionalwavelength erbium amplifiers. ... Several models have been proposed to predict gain spectral changes of Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDFA) under different saturation conditions [1-3]. Most of these models rely on accurate values of absorption and emission crossection spectra or, equivalently, the intrinsic saturation power at all wavelengths, the geometry and ...
Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science, 1996
The most important area of activity in research into fiber lasers continues to be the erbium-doped fiber amplifier for optical communications systems; complementary activities include work on ultrafast erbium lasers, soliton transmission and narrow-linewidthkmable lasers in the 1.5pm band. The development of in-fiber Bragg gratings has contributed greatly to progress in these areas. In contrast, progress in optical fiber amplifiers at 1.3pm has been slow, and the future for fiber-based amplifier technology at this and other wavelengths is uncertain. Of activities not related to communication, the development of new laser transitions in the 2-4 v region has the most practical significance. Abbreviations EDFA erbium-doped fiber amplifier PDFFA praseodymium-doped fluoride fiber amplifier WDM wavelength division multiplexing I would like to thank Elias Sniaer of Rutgers University and Richard Smart of Corning, inc. for helpful discussions during the preparation of this review. References and recommended reading Papers of particular interest, published within the annual period of review, have been highlighted as: . of special interest l * of outstanding interest 1. Smart RG, Hanna DC, Troppar AC, Davey ST, Carter SF, Szebesta D: Cw room temperature upconversion lasing at blue, green and red wavelengths in infrared-pumped PP+-doped fluoride fibre. Electron Leti 1 QQl , 27:1307-l 309. 2. Allain JY, Monerie M, Poignant H: Red upconverslon Ybsensitized Pr fluoride fibre laser pumped in 0.8 pm region. Electron Len lQQ1, 27:1156-l 157. 3. Shigematsu M, Kakui M, Onishi M, Nishimura M: 120 channel . AM-VSB transmission by two wavelength multiplexed signals using galn flattened hybrtd erbium-doped fiber amplifiers. Electron Lett 1 QQ5, 31 :1077-l 076. A method is described for gain-flattening in WDM application by modification of the EDFA structure. 4. Hansen PB, Eskilden L, da Silva VL, Grubb SG, Cheung WY, Strasser TA, Alphonsus JEJ, Nytdak G, Wilson DL, DiGiovanni DJ, et a/.: 2.488 GbWs unrepeatered transmission over 423 km employing remotely pumped post-and preamplifiers. Electron Lett 1995, 31:466-467. 5. Hansen PB, Eskilden L, Grubb SG, Vengsarkar AM, Korotky SK, . . Strasser TA, Alphonsus JU, Veselka JJ, DiGiovanni DJ, Peckham DW, et a/.: 529 km unrepeatered transmission at 2.488 GB/s using dispersion compensation, forward error correction, and remote post-and pre-amplifiers pumped by diode-pumped Raman lasers. Electron Lett 1995, 31 :1460-l 461. A very interesting illustration of the power of fiber laser techndogy: diodecladding-pumped fiber Raman lasers are used to remotely pump EDFAs at 1.47 pm. 6. Yoshida S, Kuwano S, Yamada M, Kanamori T, Takachio N, lwashita K: 10 GbWs x IO channel transmission experiment over 600 km with 100 km repeater spacing employing cascaded fluoride-based erbium-doped fiber amplifiers. Electron Lett 1995, 31 :1676-l 679. Schneider J: Mid-lr fluoride fiber Ieaers In multiple cescade o~retion. IEEE Photonic Technol Len 1995,7:354-358. Schneider J: Fluoride fiber laser operating at 3.9~. Electron Len 1995,31 :1260-l 251. GhisJer C, LQthy W, Weber HP: Tuning of TmJ+:Hos+rllica fiber Ieser et 2 pm. Quantum Electron 1995, 31 :1877-l 879. Lees GP, Hartog A, Leach A, Newscn Tp: S8Onm dlode-pumped erbiums+/ytterbiu& doped Q-swltched fiber Iaaer. Electron Len 1995,31 :1838-l 837. Weber Th, LUthy W, Weber HP, Neuman V, Berthou H, Kotrotsios G, Dan JP, Hint-n HE: Cladding-pumped fiber Iaaer. IEEE J Quantum Electron 1995,31:328-329. Zeilmer H, Wiliamowski U, Tijnnermann 4 Welling H, Unger S, Reichel V, Mgller HR, Kirchhof J, Albers P: Cw Nd fiber laser at 9.2 W with high beam quality. Opt& Len 1995, 20:578-580.
IIUM Engineering Journal, 1970
A numerical investigation of the performance characteristics of erbium doped fiber amplifier using different host materials is presented. The emission and absorption curves of each of these hosts are fitted to Guassian fitting parameters. A software program is then implemented to calculate the gain coefficient, gain spectrum and the equivalent input noise factors in forward and reverse directions. The hosts under consideration are: almino-germanosilicate, bismuth, LiNbO3, tellurite, sodium niobium phosphate, oxyfluoride silicate, Al2O3 and fluoride phosphate glasses. The corresponding gain covers the 1450-1650 nm wavelength range.
Reflection insensitive erbium-doped fiber amplifier
IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2000
293 pared the configuration with the isolator to the traditional configuration without an isolator. The most significant improvements were found in the small-signal region, where the requirements to I Reflection Insensitive Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier r ---l with the isolator very attractive for preamplifier applications.
The Evolution of Optical Amplifiers
Optics & Photonics News, 2002
A remarkable cascade of innovation from 1985 to 1990 produced the erbium-doped fiber amplifier. Optical amplification was more dream than reality in 1985: semiconductor optical amplifiers and Raman fiber amplifiers had been demonstrated in the laboratory but were far from practical. Five years later, the erbium-doped fiber amplifier came from nowhere to conquer the field. The emergence of practical optical amplifiers opened the door to wavelength-division multiplexing, which expanded the capacity of long-haul fiber-optic systems and revolutionized backbone telecommunications. These developments launched a fiber-optic boom that briefly intoxicated Wall Street with what turned out to be an irrational measure of exuberance.
Characterization of triple pass Erbium-doped Fiber Amplifiers
2012 International Conference on Computer and Communication Engineering (ICCCE), 2012
The main purpose of designing multi stage EDFAs is to achieve higher gain and lower Noise Figure. This paper represents all possible triple pass EDFA configurations. Performance of all the configurations has been analyzed with the pump power ratio, signal power. Optimum length and Optimum pump power ratio has also been determined for each and every configurations. From the performance analysis best triple pass EDFA has been recommended for practical design.
Design optimization for efficient erbium-doped fiber amplifiers
IEEE/OSA Journal of Lightwave Technology, 1990
The exact gain shape profile of erbium doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA`s) are depends on fiber length and Er 3 ion densities. This paper optimized several of erbium doped fiber parameters to obtain high performance characteristic at pump wavelengths of λ p = 980 nm and λ s = 1550 nm for three different pump powers. The maximum gain obtained for pump powers (10, 30 and 50mw) is nearly (19, 30 and 33 dB) at optimizations. The required numerical aperture NA to obtain maximum gain becomes less when pump power increased. The amplifier gain is increase when Er +3 doped near the center of the fiber core. The simulation has been done by using optisystem 5.0 software (CAD for Photonics, a license product of a Canadian based company) at 2.5 Gbps.