Merit Order Effect Modeling: The Case of the Hellenic Electricity Market (original) (raw)
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Energy Policy
The German feed-in support of electricity generation from renewable energy sources has led to high growth rates of the supported technologies. Critics state that the costs for consumers are too high. An important aspect to be considered in the discussion is the price effect created by renewable electricity generation. This paper seeks to analyse the impact of privileged renewable electricity generation on the electricity market in Germany. The central aspect to be analysed is the impact of renewable electricity generation on spot market prices. The results generated by an agent-based simulation platform indicate that the financial volume of the price reduction is considerable. In the short run, this gives rise to a distributional effect which creates savings for the demand side by reducing generator profits. In the case of the year 2006, the volume of the merit-order effect exceeds the volume of the net support payments for renewable electricity generation which have to be paid by c...
Competition and Merit Order Effect in the Colombian Electricity Market
International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 2022
In this paper, we study the relationship between the merit order effect and the ownership structure of renewable resources in electricity markets. We use daily frequency data from the Colombian electricity market in 2012-2019 and designed a strategy to estimate the spot price's dependence on renewable energy. We study how the participation of multi-technology firms in renewable energy alters the spot price. Our main results show a merit order effect for the Colombian electricity market, but this weakens in the presence of greater participation of multi-technology firms in the total availability of renewable energy for the day.
Italy promoted one of the most generous renewable support schemes worldwide which resulted in a high increase of solar power generation. We analyze the Italian day-ahead wholesale electricity market, finding empirical evidence of the merit-order effect. Over the period 2005–2013 an increase of 1 GWh in the hourly average of daily production from solar and wind sources has, on average, reduced wholesale electricity prices by respectively 2.3€/MWh and 4.2€/MWh and has amplified their volatility. The impact on prices has decreased over time in correspondence with the increase in solar and wind electricity production. We estimate that, over the period 2009–2013, solar production has generated higher monetary savings than wind production, mainly because the former is more prominent than the latter. However, in the solar case, monetary savings are not sufficient to compensate the cost of the related supporting schemes which are entirely internalized within end-user tariffs, causing a reduction of the consumer surplus, while the opposite occurs in the case of wind.
The Merit Order Effect of Wind Generation on the Irish Electricity Market
This paper considers the cost savings arising from wind generation through the merit order effect in gross pool electricity markets, using the Irish electricity market as a case study. The Irish electricity market makes for a good testing ground due to the fact that it is a single market with very little interconnection to other markets, allowing impacts of wind to be more clearly identified than on a more interconnected system. Ireland also has extremely ambitious renewable energy targets, resulting in a high penetration of wind generation. The authors estimate the historic cost savings arising from wind generation in the Irish electricity market using an hourly time series OLS regression model for 2009. We find that the value of wind to the market dispatch has resulted in savings of €141 million to the market dispatch. We find that the total costs to the market would have been in the region of 12% higher over the course of the year had no wind output been available. These savings are significantly greater than the subsidy received for wind-generated electricity over this time period, and as a result it can be seen that the positive externalities derived from wind generated electricity outweigh the cost of the subsidy; particularly when one considers the CO2 saving to the market and accepts that all forms of generation impose integration costs to electricity systems.