Physical activity and the risk of dementia: The Framingham study (original) (raw)
Related papers
The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 2008
Background. Although evidence is accumulating for a protective effect of late life physical activity on the risk of dementia, the findings are inconsistent, especially in men. We examined the association of late life physical activity and the modifying effect of physical function with future risk of dementia in a well-characterized cohort of elderly men participating in the Honolulu-Asia Aging Study (HAAS).
BioMed research international, 2017
The association of physical activity with dementia and its subtypes has remained controversial in the literature and has continued to be a subject of debate among researchers. A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies on the relationship between physical activity and the risk of cognitive decline, all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia among nondemented subjects are considered. A comprehensive literature search in all available databases was conducted up until April 2016. Well-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria were developed with focus on prospective studies ≥ 12 months. The overall sample from all studies is 117410 with the highest follow-up of 28 years. The analyses are performed with both Bayesian parametric and nonparametric models. Our analysis reveals a protective effect for high physical activity on all-cause dementia, odds ratio of 0.79, 95% CI (0.69, 0.88), a higher and better protective effect for Alzheimer's disea...
Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra, 2014
Background: Findings from the literature vary in relation to whether physical activity brings about less cognitive decline in old age. The present study investigated self-reported levels of physical activity in old age and its association with the risk of dementia-related mortality. Methods: We included data from 31,086 subjects, between 65 and 80 years old, from the CONOR (Cohort of Norway) database. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate the risk of association. Results: Taking part in 'light' (not causing perspiration or panting) activities of <3 h per week was associated with a decreased risk of dementia-related mortality, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.74 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.62-0.88, and of >3 h per week, with an HR of 0.61 and a 95% CI of 0.51-0.73. When taking part in 'hard' (causing perspiration or panting) activities, a similar risk (HR = 0.56; 95% CI 0.43-0.72) was observed for >3 h per week. Interestingly, the highest reduction in risk was seen for 'hard' activities of <3 h per week (HR = 0.50; 95% CI 0.41-0.61). Conclusion: Physical activity during leisure time in old age was associated with a lower risk of dementia-related mortality when compared to inactive individuals.
Leisure-time physical activity from mid- to late life, body mass index, and risk of dementia
Alzheimer's & Dementia, 2014
Background: Physical activity may be beneficial for cognition, but the effect may vary depending on personal characteristics. Methods: We investigated the associations between leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) from midto late life, the risk of dementia, and the role of body mass index, sex, and APOE in the CAIDE study during 28-year follow-up. Cognitive function of a random subsample was assessed at a mean age of 78.8 years (n 5 1511), and dementia/Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnoses were identified from national registers for the entire target population (n 5 3559). Results: Moderate (hazard ratio [HR], 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08-1.99) and low levels of midlife LTPA (HR, 1.39; 95% CI, 0.99-1.95) were associated with higher risk of dementia in comparison with the most active category. The benefits were more pronounced among men, overweight individuals, and APOE ε4 noncarriers. Maintaining high LTPA (HR, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.06-0.41) or increasing LTPA (HR, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.09-0.40) after midlife was associated with lower dementia risk. Similar results were observed for AD. Conclusions: The window of opportunity for preventive physical activity interventions may extend from midlife to older ages.
Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders
Introduction: Low physical activity (PA) is a potential risk factor for dementia and cognitive impairment. However, few studies have focused on very old people (aged ≥80 years), the age group with highest prevalence of dementia. The aim was to investigate if PA associated with subsequent dementia, cognitive function, and gait speed (GS), in very old people. Methods: A population-based survey was conducted in 1999 and followed-up between 2016 and 2019 in participants ≥80 years. Altogether 541 individuals (56.2% women), 64.9 ± 4.2 years of age at baseline participated. Self-rated baseline PA was categorized into low, medium, or high. Cognitive function was assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), executive function with the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), and GS (in meters/second) was measured over 2.4 m at follow-up. Results: During a mean of 19.0 ± 1.1 years, 175 (32.3%) developed dementia. Low or medium PA compared to high PA did not associate with subsequent demen...
Alzheimer's & Dementia, 2022
INTRODUCTION: Though consistent evidence suggests that physical activity may delay dementia onset, the duration and amount of activity required remains unclear. METHODS: We harmonized longitudinal data of 11988 participants from 10 cohorts in 8 countries to examine the dose-response relationship between late-life physical activity and incident dementia among older adults. RESULTS: Using no physical activity as a reference, dementia risk decreased with duration of physical activity up to 3.1-6.0 hours/week (HR 0.88, 95% CI 0.67-1.15 for 0.1-3.0 hours/week; HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.52-0.89 for 3.1-6.0 hours/week), but plateaued with higher duration. For the amount of physical activity, a similar pattern of dose-response curve was observed, with an inflection point of 9.1-18.0 metabolic equivalent value (MET)-hours/week (HR 0.92, 95% CI 0.70-1.22 for 0.1-9.0 MET-hours/week; HR 0.70, 95% CI 0.53-0.93 for 9.1-18.0 MET-hours/ week). DISCUSSION: This cross-national analysis suggests that performing 3.1-6.0 hours of physical activity and expending 9.1-18.0/MET-hours of energy per week may reduce dementia risk.
Physical activity pre- and post-dementia: English Longitudinal Study of Ageing
Aging & mental health, 2017
To inform public health interventions, further investigation is needed to identify: (1) frequency/intensity of everyday physical activity (PA) needed to reduce dementia risk; (2) whether post-diagnosis reduction in PA is associated with cognitive outcomes in people with dementia. Data from 11,391 men and women (aged ≥50) were obtained from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing cohort. Assessments were carried out at baseline (2002-2003) and at biannual follow-ups (2004-2013). Older adults who carried out moderate to vigorous activity at least once per week had a 34%-50% lower risk for cognitive decline and dementia over an 8-10 year follow-up period. From pre- to post-dementia diagnosis, those who decreased PA levels had a larger decrease in immediate recall scores, compared to those who maintained or increased PA levels (analyses were adjusted for changes in physical function). PA was associated with cognitive outcomes in a dose-dependent manner. Reduction in PA after diagnosis ...
European journal of epidemiology, 2016
We investigated the long-term influence of physical activity on the risk of dementia in an elderly Japanese population. A total of 803 community-dwelling elderly Japanese individuals without dementia aged ≥65 years were followed prospectively for 17 years. Physically active status was defined as engaging in exercise at least one or more times per week during leisure time, and participants were divided into an active group and an inactive group by the presence or absence of such physical activity. The risk estimates of physical activity on the development of all-cause dementia and its subtypes were computed using a Cox proportional hazards model. During the follow-up, 291 participants developed all-cause dementia. Of these, 165 had Alzheimer's disease (AD), 93 had vascular dementia (VaD), and 47 had other dementia. Compared with the inactive group, the active group showed significantly lower crude incidence of AD (21.8 vs. 14.2 per 1000 person-years, p = 0.01), but no significant...