Effect of Flow Steering Angle Toward the Hydrokinetic Turbine Performance (original) (raw)
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Analysis of the Effect of Various Flow Rates on Vertical Shaft Kinetic Turbine Performance
Test Engineering and Management, 2020
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Development of horizontal axis hydrokinetic turbine using experimental and numerical approaches
2020
Hydrokinetic energy conversion systems (HECSs) are emerging as viable solutions for harnessing the kinetic energy in river streams and tidal currents due to their low operating head and flexible mobility. This study is focused on the experimental and numerical aspects of developing an axial HECS for applications with low head ranges and limited operational space. In Part I, blade element momentum (BEM) and neural network (NN) models were developed and coupled to overcome the BEM's inherent convergence issues which hinder the blade design process. The NNs were also used as a multivariate interpolation tool to estimate the blade hydrodynamic characteristics required by the BEM model. The BEM-NN model was able to operate without convergence problems and provide accurate results even at high tip speed ratios. In Part II, an experimental setup was developed and tested in a water tunnel. The effects of flow velocity, pitch angle, number of blades, number of rotors, and duct reducer were investigated. The performance was improved as rotors were added to the system. However, as rotors added, their contribution was less. Significant performance improvement was observed after incorporating a duct reducer. In Part III, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation was conducted to derive the optimum design criteria for the multi-turbine system. Solidity, blockage, and their interactive effects were studied. The system configuration was altered, then its performance and flow characteristics were investigated. The experimental setup was upgraded to allow for blockage correction. Particle image velocimetry was used to investigate the wake velocity profiles and validate the CFD model. The flow characteristics and their effects on the turbines performance were analyzed.
STUDY OF FLOW FIELD OF RIVER FOR HYDRO KINETIC TURBINE INSTALLATION
An optimized location finding in river, for efficient power generation through hydrokinetic turbine, is very important. Power generation through hydrokinetic turbine is mainly depend upon the flow velocity of the river and also flow features and channel morphology which greatly influence the installation of hydrokinetic turbine. In the present work, the flow field of river has been studied through the fluent software to identify the optimum location for the installation of hydrokinetic turbine. The discharge data of a selected river has been analyzed and discussed. It also has been investigated the effect of flow field on the power generation from hydrokinetic turbine.
Energies
In this study, a hydrokinetic turbine is designed for the high-altitude regions where local electricity network lines are difficult to reach. If there was a stream flow around, electricity production could be possible and necessary because of environmental reasons. The performance of the hydrokinetic turbine was investigated experimentally and numerically. The numerical analyses of the turbine system were performed via MATLAB/Simulink version R2014a. Except power-based performance characteristics, efficiency of the system in terms of installation and necessary investment costs were also investigated. It is calculated that the system to be established on a river with a water flow rate of 30 m3/h will meet the investment cost in approximately 8 years.
Design of a hydrokinetic turbine
WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, 2015
Hydrokinetic turbine power production depends on the interaction between the rotor and water. Therefore, an optimum geometry of the rotor must be designed and constructed to capture the maximum water energy and convert it into a usable energy. The steps involved in the design and numerical simulation of a small horizontal axis hydrokinetic turbine rotor are presented based on the same incompressible flow techniques used for designing wind turbines. Three blades of a 1 Hp (746 W) prototype hydrokinetic turbine were designed for a water velocity of 1.5 m/s with a tip speed ratio of 6.325, an angle of attack of 5 • and 0 • as the pitch angle; in order to obtain the maximum power coefficient of the turbine. This coefficient was 0.4382, near the Betz limit. S822 airfoil was used to generate the coordinates of the blade. CFD simulation was carried out using Ansys CFX to estimate the performance of the blade design. Furthermore, FEM was successfully used for stress calculations on turbine blades under the influence of centrifugal and hydrodynamic loading. The designed hydrokinetic turbine can be used for pico hydro generation in rural communities non-connected to electricity services through the national interconnected electric system, due to its simple structure, and low cost of initial investment. Additionally, it can be locally manufactured, the environmental impact is negligible, since large dams are not involved, and the schemes can be managed and maintained by the consumer.
Evaluation of a Vertical Axis Hydrokinetic Turbine for Water Channels
DYNA, 2021
The growing interest on low-carbon energy systems has been essential to develop new electricity devices based on renewable resources. In this context, channel turbines are an excellent alternative to supply demands that are isolated from power mains. These devices, which harness the kinetic term of the water current, can be installed in hydraulic channels, rivers, or estuaries. This article carries out an experimental characterization of a hydrokinetic turbine in a hydrodynamic water tunnel under low velocity conditions, so its behavior under open field conditions can be obtained. The results show the relevance of the blockage effect made by the turbine during the power stage. Keywords: hydrokinetic turbines, blockage, water channels, low velocity
DOE-ANOVA to Optimize Hydrokinetic Turbines for Low Velocity Conditions
Mathematical Modelling of Engineering Problems, 2022
The need of reducing the dependence of fossil fuels and CO2 emissions have motivated the diversification of energy matrix. Among the Renewables, the hydropower shows better characteristics compared to solar, wind, biomass and geothermal, because its low CO2 emissions, higher density and others technical factors. Within the Hydropower, the Hydrokinetic turbines (HT) are considered as a promising technology because can provide electricity during low flow velocity conditions (< 2 m/s) and is able to operate in shallow waters < 8 m and in secluded areas without access to the energy network. In this sense, the present study incentivizes the research in Hydropower and proposes and new application of DOE-ANOVA combined with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modelling for the HT design and optimization. Accordingly, this work evaluated the performance of a HT with 1.9 m of rotor diameter operating in a water flow of 1.5 m/s through a 2 3 factorial design with 9 modelling cases (MC). The results showed that the increment of outlet diameters increased the downstream velocity and the hydrodynamic pressure over the HT, and the reduction of the blade tip edge distance generated an increment of the response of the HT hydraulic and mechanical properties.
Performance analysis of a Savonius hydrokinetic turbine having twisted blades
Renewable Energy, 2017
In the quest for renewable energy sources, kinetic energy available in small water streams, river streams or human-made canals may provide new avenue which can be harnessed by using hydrokinetic turbines. Savonius hydrokinetic turbine is vertical axis turbine having drag based rotor and suitable for a lower flow velocity of the water stream. In order to enhance the efficiency of the turbine, this paper aims to analyze the performance of twisted blade Savonius hydrokinetic turbine. Using CFD analysis, an attempt has been made to optimize blade twist angle of Savonius hydrokinetic turbine. The simulation of a twisted Savonius hydrokinetic turbine having two blades has been carried out to investigate the performance. Commercial unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) solver in conjunction with realizable k-ε turbulence model has been used for numerical analysis. Fluid flow distributions around the rotor have been analyzed and discussed. It has been found that Savonius hydrokinetic turbine having a twist angle of 12.5° yields a maximum coefficient of power as 0.39 corresponding to a TSR value of 0.9 for a given water velocity of 2 m/s.
SpringerOpen Journal, 2013
The power system based on the horizontal axis turbines has been extensively employed to harness the kinetic energy of the moving fluid to generate the clean renewable energy in several domains, such as wind, river, and sea. The characteristic of the rotational speed is one of the prominent aspects in designing the power based on the horizontal axis turbine. This is the characteristic that can determine the quantity of the electricity production in the generator on the power technology system. The number of blades is another important aspect in designing the technology. It is believed that the number of blades not only determines the aerodynamic performance, the construction, and the production cost but also the turbine rotational speed characteristics. This study investigates the effect of the blade number on the rotational speed characteristic of a horizontal axis river current turbine. The methodology of generating the investigation is a parametric study using the blade element momentum theory. The result shows that the turbines with low blade number have high rotational speed characteristics while the turbines with high blade number have low rotational speed characteristics. The very low attack angle which yields into a low lift coefficient is one of the factors responsible for the inability of the turbines with high blade number to operate at high rotation. A further discussion on the results on this investigation relating to the hydrodynamic behavior is explored in this study. It is recommended that when a turbine is decided to have a high blade number, the transmission ratio should be high to obtain a high rotation in the generator.
Engineering Journal, 2018
Three twisted blades of a 1 kW prototype hydrokinetic turbine were designed based on the Blade Element Momentum (BEM) theory with a tip speed ratio of 6.25; a water velocity of 1.5 m/s; an angle of attack and pitch angle of 5 and 0 • , respectively; a power coefficient of 0.4382 and a drive train efficiency of 70%. S822 hydrofoil was used to generate the coordinates of the blade cross-section. Experimental investigations and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations were carried out to estimate the performance of the blade design and know the effect of the section pitch angle on the performance of a horizontal-axis hydrokinetic turbine. The obtained results showed that the increase in the section pitch angle enhanced the performance up to a certain value. Further increase in the section pitch angle resulted in a low performance and a reduction of the rotation velocity, which in turn requires a high gearing ratio of the transmission system.