The European Tobacco Control Report 2007 (original) (raw)
Related papers
Tobacco control in Europe: a policy review
European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society, 2016
Tobacco is responsible for the death of 6 million people every year globally, of whom 700 000 are in Europe. Effective policies for tobacco control exist; however, the status of their implementation varies across the World Health Organization (WHO) European Region. In order to tackle the tobacco epidemic, action has been taken though the implementation of both legally binding and non-legally binding measures. This article aims to present the achievements and challenges of tobacco control in Europe, focussing on the available legally binding instruments such as the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control and the revision of the Tobacco Products Directive at the European Union level. Tobacco still faces heavy lobbying of the tobacco industry, which has systematically contrasted policies to achieve public health objectives. The legal instruments for tobacco control in Europe presented here are not always adequately enforced in all the countries and there is certainly room for impro...
Tobacco control achievements and priority areas in the WHO Europe Region: A review
Tobacco Prevention & Cessation
INTRODUCTION Tobacco control efforts have been advancing globally, including the adoption and entry into force of the World Health Organization (WHO) Framework Convention of Tobacco Control (FCTC), as well as the adoption of the European Union EU Tobacco Products Directive. With the present review, the European Network for Smoking and Tobacco Prevention (ENSP) and European Respiratory Society (ERS) aim to provide a comprehensive overview on the status of WHO FCTC implementation, policy achievements and priority areas across countries in the WHO Europe Region. METHODS The review was conducted through a triangulation of data extracted from a survey administered to ENSP members, the WHO FCTC Implementation Database, Tobacco Control Laws and the Tobacco Control Scale 2016. RESULTS Using the WHO MPOWER measures as a framework, we report on the implementation status of nine FCTC articles across 47 countries in the WHO Europe Region. The average number of articles fully implemented was 3.58. FCTC articles least fully implemented were: Article 5.3 on Tobacco Industry Interference (25.5%, n=12), Article 20 on Research (34.0%, n=16), and Article 15 on Illicit trade (40.4%, n=19). The most commonly fully implemented articles were: Article 8 on Smoke-free legislation (63.8%, n=30), Article 16 on Underage sales (57.4%, n=27), and Article 6 on Price and tax measures (51.2%, n=24). Policy achievements and recommended priority areas for future national tobacco control activities varied greatly among countries. CONCLUSIONS Findings highlight the multitude of successes in tobacco control efforts across the region in recent years, but point out the need to address gaps in FCTC implementation.
Tobacco Prevention & Cessation
Foreword welcome to the eNSP Tobacco Control Conference The European Network for Smoking and Tobacco Prevention (ENSP) has been active in tobacco control since 1997 and for the last 19 years has been playing an important role in setting and influencing policies at a European and international level. Spearheading ENSP activities and projects are national representatives, organisations, academics, doctors, lawyers, health care professionals, experts and activists who always worked together to fulfil the objectives and mission of ENSP. ENSP is the only truly pan-European network active in tobacco control being the key grassroots organisation in implementing the World Health organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO-FCTC) at a European level. This was acknowledged by the WHO-FCTC-Conference of Parties during the session in Uruguay (November 2010) when ENSP received FCTC observer status. It is almost impossible to talk about FCTC in Europe without mentioning the involvement of at least one ENSP member. This united and collective effort is the essence, the heart and soul of the "Network" concept: each link makes the chain stronger; each node adds value to the structure. This added value is not only found in the strength of the partnership but also on a scientific level in everything ENSP does: its core activities, its EU projects but also its new scientific journal, "Tobacco Prevention & Cessation". Tobacco consumption remains the single largest avoidable cause of premature death in Europe, responsible for 700,000 deaths every year, and is the most significant cause of health inequalities. It is an interesting time for our work in tobacco control, as the world recognises that the most effective policies are those based on scientific studies and solid evidence. Therefore, this year the conference is dedicated to three main topics: reSearCh-Research and science represent the base for lobby and advocacy activities. On 5th April, a special session is dedicated to the European research and Public Health Projects dealing with different tobacco control topics. In all those projects, ENSP is acting as a knowledge and networking hub, being a real support for researchers and partners involved in the projects' implementation. PreveNTioN-Next year ENSP celebrates 20 years of activities dedicated mainly to prevent tobacco consumption in Europe. During the conference, a series of workshops, plenary and parallel sessions aim to highlight its accomplishments based on constant guidance resulting from WHO FCTC and MPOWER strategies. TreaTmeNT-Wednesday April 6th is fully dedicated to the WHO-FCTC Art. 14's implementation in Europe and we bring together, in a special training session, more than 50 experts from Armenia, Georgia, Romania, Russia and Ukraine, partner countries under the EPACTT Project developed in partnership with Global Bridges-Healthcare Alliance for Tobacco Dependence Treatment. The above-mentioned topics demonstrate the diversity and complexity of our Network, which is dedicated to tobacco control in Europe. Furthermore, the International Society for the Prevention of Tobacco Induced Diseases has joined forces by sponsoring two symposiums on Thursday 7 April, reinforcing the importance of academic and scientific research in our work. Bringing together more than 170 experts from over 30 countries, this Conference is a new step ahead in accomplishing our two top priority objectives as stated in our Statute: • To have the WHO-Framework Convention on Tobacco Control implemented in Europe by 2020 • To reduce the prevalence of tobacco use in Europe to below 5% by 2040. During the conference, as you discover and meet special guests and speakers from the Academic and European Institutions, World Health Organization, national authorities and well known non-governmental organisations involved in tobacco control at regional, national and international level, we hope you have the chance to share your experiences and insights pertaining to various facets of tobacco control. On behalf of ENSP members and Secretariat, we are honoured to invite you to our Tobacco Control Conference in Brussels, the capital city of Belgium and Europe, and would like to thank you, as well as all the presenters, without whom this event would not be possible, for your work, your dedication and your loyalty.
Tobacco use in the European region
European Journal of Cancer Prevention, 2008
This paper presents comparable tobacco use prevalence estimates for the WHO European region for two common definitions of tobacco use: current smoker (occasional and daily) and daily smoker. Data collections held in the WHO Global InfoBase (www.who.int/infobase) were used to examine patterns of tobacco use at the country level, in the region as a whole and for specific subregional groups. Data from 275 sources presenting tobacco use prevalence by age and sex and representing 46 out of 52 countries in the WHO European region met the inclusion criteria. Regression models were used to adjust country-reported prevalence to a standard set of definitions and age groups. Estimates were projected to a set of standard reporting years, 2002, 2005 and 2015. The prevalence of current smoking and daily smoking was 33.2 and 28.4%, respectively in 2002. Male smokers had overall higher prevalence of daily smoking, 37.7% and current smoking, 43.1% in 2002. The corresponding rates for female smokers were 19.3% for daily smokers and 23.4% for current smokers in 2002. The overall prevalence declines slightly by 2015 for male daily smokers to 33.5% but increases for female daily smokers to 20.1%. The increase in female smokers is most apparent in the eastern, southern and western parts of Europe.
European journal of public health, 2018
While some WHO European Region countries are global tobacco control leaders, the South Eastern region of Europe has the highest tobacco smoking prevalence globally and a relatively low level of overall implementation of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC). An abridged version of SimSmoke has been developed to project the health impact of implementing tobacco control policies in line with the WHO FCTC. Data on population size, smoking prevalence, policy-specific effect sizes and formulas were applied in 11 South Eastern WHO European Region countries [Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina (the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republika Srpska), Bulgaria, Croatia, Israel, Montenegro, Republic of Moldova, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia] to project the relative reduction in smoking prevalence, number of smokers and number of smoking-attributable deaths resulting from implementing individual and/or combined six WHO FCTC...
Tobacco Induced Diseases, 2018
Efforts to mitigate the devastation of tobacco-attributable morbidity and mortality in the European Union (EU) are founded on its newly adopted Tobacco Products Directive (TPD) along with the first-ever health treaty, the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC). The aim of this Horizon 2020 Project entitled European Regulatory Science on Tobacco: Policy Implementation to Reduce Lung Disease (EUREST-PLUS) is to monitor and evaluate the impact of the implementation of the TPD across the EU, within the context of WHO FCTC ratification. To address this aim, EUREST-PLUS consists of four objectives: 1) To create a cohort study of 6000 adult smokers in six EU MS (Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Spain) within a pre-TID vs post-TPD implementation study design; 2) To conduct secondary dataset analyses of the Special Eurobarometer on Tobacco Survey (SETS); 3) To document changes in e-cigarette product parameters (technical design, labelling/packaging and chemical composition) pre-TID vs post-TPD; and 4) To enhance innovative joint research collaborations on chronic non-communicable diseases. Through this methodological approach, EUREST-PLUS is designed to generate strong inferences about the effectiveness of tobacco control policies, as well as to elucidate the mechanisms and factors by which policy implementation translates to population impact. Findings from EUREST-PLUS have potential global implications for the implementation of innovative tobacco control policies and its impact on the prevention of lung diseases.
A Regional Look at Tobacco Control in Europe: the Case of Belgium, Georgia, Poland and Romania
Tobacco Prevention & Cessation, 2019
is an open access, peer-reviewed online journal that encompasses all aspects of tobacco use, prevention and cessation that can promote a tobacco free society. The aim of the journal is to foster, promote and disseminate research involving tobacco use, prevention, policy implementation at a regional, national or international level, disease development-progression related to tobacco use, tobacco use impact from the cellular to the international level and finally the treatment of tobacco attributable disease through smoking cessation.
Tobacco Prevention & Cessation, 2021
is an open access, peer-reviewed online journal that encompasses all aspects of tobacco use, prevention and cessation that can promote a tobacco free society. The aim of the journal is to foster, promote and disseminate research involving tobacco use, prevention, policy implementation at a regional, national or international level, disease development-progression related to tobacco use, tobacco use impact from the cellular to the international level and finally the treatment of tobacco attributable disease through smoking cessation.
Methods of the International Tobacco Control (ITC) EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys
European Journal of Public Health, 2020
Background The EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe surveys aim to evaluate the impact of the European Union’s Tobacco Products Directive (EU TPD) implementation within the context of the WHO FCTC. This article describes the methodology of the 2016 (Wave 1) and 2018 (Wave 2) International Tobacco Control 6 European (6E) Country Survey in Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Spain; the England arm of the 2016 (Wave 1) and 2018 (Wave 2) ITC 4 Country Smoking and Vaping (4CV) Survey; and the 2016 (Wave 10) and 2017 (Wave 11) ITC Netherlands (NL) Survey. All three ITC surveys covering a total of eight countries are prospective cohort studies with nationally representative samples of smokers. Methods In the three surveys across the eight countries, the recruited respondents were cigarette smokers who smoked at least monthly, and were aged 18 and older. At each survey wave, eligible cohort members from the previous waves were retained, regardless of smoking status, and dropouts were replaced b...