The suitability of thermally activated red illite / kaolinitic clay as raw material for geopolymer binders (original) (raw)

1.( Introduction In the past three decades, urbanization has proceeded faster in developing countries. Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) based materials such as concrete are nowadays the most widely used construction materials. Unfortunately, the cement industry accounts for around 4% of the total global greenhouse gas emissions and up to 8% of the total global anthropogenic CO2 emissions [1]. It has become a major environmental issue. Geopolymer cement is considered to be the most effective ways of reducing the environmental impact of the cement industry. These eco-materials can be synthesized by the alkaline activation of aluminosilicates at room temperature and providing a low cost, fast setting, low permeability, resistance to fire and acid attack [2], ability to radically decrease the heavy metal ions mobility [3], great resistance to freeze thaw cycles, and good compressive strength resistance [4]. The properties of geopolymer materials are mainly affected by the aluminosilicate ...