Development of sustainable compositions and study of the properties of porous aggregates from the waste of a mining and processing plants (original) (raw)
Related papers
Lightweight Concrete with Aggregates Made by Using Industrial Waste
Journal of Sustainable Architecture and Civil Engineering, 2013
The disposal and treatment of solid and hazardous industrial waste is quite expensive for any industry; therefore it brings challenges to find a solution that permits to obtain new, usable products by waste utilization in a technically and economically sustainable as well as environmentally friendly way.
KnE engineering, 2020
This study investigates the possible effects of incorporating different industry wastes during manufacturing of concrete, with percentages ranging from 0% to 30%, and assesses the influence of these combinations (mineral additions and recycled aggregates) on the properties of a recycled concrete comprised of these two main constituents products. Recycled concrete samples with different combinations of mineral additions at various dosages were used to determine these properties in the fresh and hardened states. The "Design-expert" methodology was used to analyse the results after 7, 14 and 28 days, identifying correlations and the effects of the different variables. The results obtained showed the advantageous effect of incorporating the pozzolana and slag into the concrete mixture at dosages of 15% and 30%, they also demonstrated the low optimal percentage of marble fillers of 5%. These findings suggest that replacing clinker with industrial waste could limit the dust and CO 2 emissions into the atmosphere during concrete manufacture, offering environmental advantages as well as conserving the natural resources of aggregate recovery from C&D wastes.
Structural Concretes with Waste-Based Lightweight Aggregates: From Landfill to Engineered Materials
Environmental Science & Technology, 2009
This research provides possible opportunities in the reuse of waste and particularly muds, coming from both ornamental stone (granite sludges from sawing and polishing operations) and ceramic production (porcelain stoneware tile polishing sludge), for the manufacture of lightweight aggregates. Wastes were characterized from the mineralogical (XRPD, X-Ray Powder Diffraction), chemical (XRF, X-Ray Fluorescence), and technological (HSM, Hot-Stage Microscopy) points of view, in order to assess their potential as bloating materials, and suitable mixes were designed. Lab simulation of the manufacturing cycle was performed by pelletizing and firing the waste mixes in a rotative furnace up to 1300 °C, and determining composition and physico-mechanical properties of lightweight aggregates. The best formulation was used to produce and test lightweight structural concretes according to standard procedures. Both granite and porcelain stoneware polishing sludges exhibit a suitable firing behaviour due to the occurrence of SiC (an abrasive component) which, decomposing at high temperature with gas release, acts as bloating promoter, resulting in aggregates with particle density <1 Mg/m 3 . However, slight variations of mixture composition produce aggregates with rather different properties, going from values close to those of typical commercial expanded clays (particle density 0.68 Mg/m 3 ; strength of particle 1.2 MPa) to products with high mechanical features (particle density 1.25 Mg/m 3 ; strength of particle 6.9 MPa). The best formulation (50 wt.% porcelain stoneware polishing sludge + 50 wt.% granite sawing sludge) was used to successfully manufacture lightweight structural concretes with suitable properties (Compressive strength 28 days > 20 MPa, bulk density 1.4-2.0 Mg/m 3 ).
The microstructure and mineralogy of lightweight aggregates manufactured with washing aggregate sludge, sewage sludge and a clay-rich sediment have been studied. The mineralogical analysis revealed the neo-formation of plagioclase and pyroxene group minerals and a minor presence of gehlenite. Some relationships may be established: (i) heating temperature and dwell time affect the formation of new porosity; (ii) the disappearance of pyroxenes could produce changes in the density of the solid material in the lightweight aggregates; (iii) when an external glassy film is not present, water absorption values depend on the size and number of each type of pore.
Review on Industrial Waste Materials as a replacement for Construction Material
Infrastructure development leads to increase consumption of concrete. Concrete is commonly used in construction industry. As a result the concrete industry demands large number of construction materials. Concrete mix is consist of 70-75% of aggregates, 10-15% of cement & remaining will be water & air entrained. Cement is a binding material. Cement performs a vital role in the construction industry due to its strength and other properties; therefore it is very important construction material. The cement manufactured by a complex process involving multiple ingredients, but this process leads to consume more energy & also effect on environment as it releases Co2 gas. Hence an alternative material for cement is required which will lead to the decrease in the production of CO2 & energy consumption. Similarly, the aggregates have impact on environment as quarrying is done for aggregates. As we have limited natural sources we need to conserve them. This requirement is drawn the attention of investigators to explore new replacements of ingredients of concrete. The present technical report focuses on investigating characteristics of concrete with partial replacement of cement with Ground Granulated Blast furnace Slag (GGBS) & sand with Copper Slag. Ground Granular Ballast Slag & Copper Slag is the industrial waste.
An Artificial Lightweight Aggregate Based on Non-ferrous Metallurgy Slags
This paper relates to the obtaining of an artificial porous aggregate from slag waste of non-ferrous metallurgy. The developed technology permits to widen raw stuff basis of producing artificial porous aggregates for lightweight concretes. The investigations have demonstrated that granulated slags which are a by-product and are obtained through making non-ferrous metals, can be utilized as a basic starting raw material for manufacturing an artificial porous aggregate. From the results of the investigations expansion intervals of a mass based on the studied slags of metallurgical plants are determined. The technology of obtaining an artificial porous aggregate with the prescribedphysico-mechanical characteristics has been worked out. The main physico-mechanical characteristics of the produced aggregate have been studied. It has been revealed that the obtained artificial porous aggregate meets the requirements of the acting standard GOST 9757-90 “Gravel, Crushed Stone and Sand, Artificial Porous” by its physico-mechanical characteristics. It is found that the strength of the obtained aggregate 1.5-2.0 times exceeds that of the well-known aggregate- keramzit gravel. Using porous sand lightweight concrete of B7.5-B40 strength class with density of 1100-1600kg/cu.m has been produced on the base of the obtained gravel and high-strength lightweight concrete of strength class B25-B50 with density of 1500-1800 kg/cu.m has been manufactured with the use of dense sand and plasticizing additives.
International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment, 2017
Improving the mechanical properties of lightweight concrete using waste material is the goal of this work to get both structural and environmental advantage besides cost saving. Porcelanite aggregate was used as lightweight aggregate. First plastic bottles were cut into slices and used as fibers with these percentages: 0.0%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 1.0%, 1.25% and 1.5% by volume. The results of tests under compression and tensile stress showed that mix 1% plastic fiber (PF) gave the best results when compared to reference mix without PF. Eggshell (rich with CaO) and glass wastes (rich of silca) were crashed and powdered to desired size and used as partial replacement of cement with these percentage: 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. Compressive strength, flexural strength, density, absorption and modulus of elasticity were tested. Comparison was made with reference mix (without waste powder) to figure the efficiency of using these waste in lightweight Porcelanite concrete. The results of tests showed that mixes with 1% PF and 5% eggshell powder (ESP) gave results so close to reference mix. Using more than 5% ESP made no improvement in lightweight concrete, while the mix with 1% PF with any glass powder (GP) percentages used in this research gave good improvement in the tested properties especially at 20% GP.
Construction and Building Materials, 2011
The microstructure and mineralogy of lightweight aggregates manufactured with washing aggregate sludge, sewage sludge and a clay-rich sediment have been studied. The mineralogical analysis revealed the neo-formation of plagioclase and pyroxene group minerals and a minor presence of gehlenite. Some relationships may be established: (i) heating temperature and dwell time affect the formation of new porosity; (ii) the disappearance of pyroxenes could produce changes in the density of the solid material in the lightweight aggregates; (Hi) when an external glassy film is not present, water absorption values depend on the size and number of each type of pore.
Strength Properties of Eco-Friendly Concrete Using Recycled Wastes, 2019
This project reports step-by-step development of a novel and practical way of producing green concrete using industrial (furnace slag) and constructional (ground sandcrete block as fine and RCA as NA) wastes for a better sustainable environment. The materials used are recycled aggregate, cupola slag, and crushed hollow block. Aggregate size ranging from 11-19 mm. The mix ratio 1:2:4 with 0.55 water/cement ratio was used in this study. 72 mix combinations were prepared for this study with partial replacement for natural aggregate with RA (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%), partial replacement of cement with ground granulated cupola slag (0%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10%) and partial replacement of sand with crushed hollow block (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%). Workability (slump & compacting factor test), compressive and split tensile strength test were carried out at 7, 14, 28 and 56 days respectively to study and ascertain strength credibility. It was found that the replacement of natural aggregate, river sand and cement with recycled aggregate, crushed hollow block and cupola slag increases both the compressive and tensile strength considerably as the number of curing days increases. Based on experimental result it was concluded that 100% replacement of recycled aggregate, 100% replacement of crushed hollow block and 10% replacement of cupola slag starting from curing of 14 to 56 days gave satisfactory result and it is recommended for reinforced concrete works with proper mixed design. Keywords-Cupola furnace slag, recycled aggregate, natural aggregate crushed hollow block, compressive strength, split tensile.
Materials
This study aimed to investigate the recycling opportunities for industrial byproducts and their contribution to innovative concrete manufacturing processes. The attention was mainly focused on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI-FA) and its employment, after a washing pre-treatment, as the main component in artificially manufactured aggregates containing cement and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) in different percentages. The produced aggregates were used to produce lightweight concrete (LWC) containing both artificial aggregates only and artificial aggregates mixed with a relatively small percentage of recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in the sand form. Thereby, the possibility of producing concrete with good mechanical properties and enhanced thermal properties was investigated through effective PET reuse with beneficial impacts on the thermal insulation of structures. Based on the obtained results, the samples containing artificial aggregates had...