Thyroid neoplasm in Makkah region, Saudi Arabia (original) (raw)
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Patterns of thyroid cancer in Southwestern Saudi Arabia
Saudi medical journal, 2010
To examine the pattern of thyroid cancer, assess the magnitude of the problem, and evolve a management plan for such malignancies. This is a retrospective cohort study of all thyroid cases operated at Aseer Central Hospital, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, between January 1998 and December 2007. Clinical presentations, management regimens, and recurrence were reviewed. Five hundred and sixteen patients were operated for different thyroid lesions. Ninety-two (17.8%) were malignant (20 males and 72 females). Mean age for males was 41.35 +/- 15.52 years compared to 36.59 +/- 13.28 years for females. Papillary carcinoma constituted 50%, while follicular carcinoma formed only 4.3% of malignant cases. Lymphoma ranked third with only 1.1% of all malignant thyroid lesions. No cases of medullary carcinoma were found. Of 92 patients, 75 reported for follow-up. The recurrence rate for follow-up patients was 29 (31.5%). High resolution neck ultrasonography and image-guided fine needle aspiration...
Prevalence and Histological Subtypes of Thyroid Cancer in the Aljouf Region, Saudi Arabia
International Journal of Biomedicine, 2024
Background: Thyroid cancer, the most common endocrine neoplasm, has a strong female predominance. There has been a steady increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of thyroid cancer and identify its predominant histological subtypes in the Aljuf region of Saudi Arabia. The study findings and new data obtained will contribute to advancing knowledge about thyroid cancer at the national level. Methods and Results: This retrospective, cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Sakaka, Aljouf region, Saudi Arabia. Data from thyroid specimens collected at King Abdul-Aziz Specialist Hospital and Prince Mutaib Hospital between January and December 2022 was analyzed. Among 3102 histopathological samples and 298 cytology samples received in both hospitals, 181 were thyroid specimens: histopathology samples [63(34.8%)] and fine-needle aspiration (FNA) samples for cytological diagnosis [118(65.2%)]. The age of patients with thyroid disorders ranged from 17 to 69, with a mean age of 38.4±(SD)1.2 years. The highest percentage, 76(42%), were in the age group over 40. The majority of patients with thyroid disorders, 139(76.8%), were women compared to 42(23.2%) men, giving a female-to-male ratio of 3.3: 1. 165(91.2%) of the study population were Saudi patients, while the non-Saudis represented only 16(8.8%) cases. Among 181 thyroid specimens, thyroid cancer was diagnosed in 33 patients (18.2%), benign tumors in 43 patients (23.8%) [follicular adenoma 39(90.7%) and Hürthle cell adenoma 4(9.3%)], goiter in 96(53.0%) cases, Hashimoto's thyroiditis in 6(3.3%) cases, and chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis in 3(1.7%) cases. The age of patients with thyroid cancer ranged from 20 to 57 years, with a mean age of 36.9 years. There were 25(75.8%) females versus 8(24.2%) males, with a ratio of 3.1:1. Papillary thyroid carcinoma was the most frequent histological subtype among patients with thyroid cancer, accounting for 75.8%, while follicular thyroid carcinoma represented only 24.2%. Among 155 cancer cases, thyroid cancer ranked third (21.3%) after breast cancer (26.4%) and colon adenocarcinoma (23.9%). Conclusion: Thyroid pathology, including cancer, is notably prevalent among females and older age groups in the Al-Jouf region. Thyroid carcinoma is the third most diagnosed cancer type after breast carcinoma and colon adenocarcinoma in Al-Jouf in 2022. Papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most frequent histological subtype among Saudi patients with thyroid cancer.
Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, 2016
Background and objective: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy. This report aims to describe the pattern of thyroid cancer presentations at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah. Methods: This was a retrospect chart review of all thyroid cancer cases diagnosed between 2001 and 2010 at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah. We documented patients' demographic and clinical data, including age at diagnosis, tumor type and size, extrathyroidal extension, and metastasis. Results: A total of 114 thyroid cancer cases were diagnosed from 2001 through 2010. Females comprise the majority of cases (female to male ratio of 4:1). The mean ages of patients diagnosed with different thyroid cancers were: papillary thyroid cancer, 39.6 years; follicular thyroid cancer, 43.2 years; medullary thyroid cancer, 55.8 years; and anaplastic thyroid cancer, 46.0 years. Papillary thyroid cancer was diagnosed in 88 cases (77%), follicular thyroid cancer in 19 cases (17%), medullary thyroid cancer in 5 cases (4%), and anaplastic thyroid cancer in 2 cases (2%). Conclusion: Thyroid cancers are more common among females. The disease is diagnosed at a relatively young age among our patients (40 years). Papillary thyroid cancer is the most common type of thyroid cancer.
Histopathological Pattern of Thyroid Lesions in Western Region of Saudi Arabia
The New Egyptian Journal of Medicine, 2009
BACKGROUND: Partial or complete thyroidectomies are frequently encountered by the practicing pathologist and the possibility of neoplastic disease is of major concern in patients with thyroid nodules. Pathological evaluation of those specimens ranged from non-neoplastic lesion to highly aggressive malignancy. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to document the frequency of different patterns of thyroid diseases as presented to pathology departments at King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital (KAUH) and King Faisal Specialty Hospital and Research centre (KFSHRC) within the last twelve years. MATERIAL AND METHOD: All specimens presented to pathology departments at KAUH (1997-2008) and KFSHRC (2000-2008) as thyroidectomies (partial or complete) were retrospectively reviewed and categorized according to their histological appearance. RESULTS: The total number of the studied cases was 845 cases. The age of the patients ranged between 9 and 93 years. One hundred seventy eight were males and 667 were female (male to female ratio; 1:3.7). The reviewed cases were classically categorized into two main groups; Non-neoplastic (494; 58.5%) and Neoplastic (351; 41.5%). The non-neoplastic group includes: Multinodular Goiter (311 cases; 36.8 %), hashimoto/chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (64 cases; 7.6 %), single hyperplastic nodule (51 cases; 6 %), Grave's disease (8 cases; 0.9 %), miscellaneous (58 cases; 6.9%). The neoplastic group includes benign category represented by "Adenomas" and includes 94 cases (11% of all cases, and 26.8 % of neoplastic cases) and the malignant category includes 256 cases, representing 30.3 % of all studied cases and 73% of the neoplastic category. Two hundred and nine cases (81.6 % of malignant) were papillary carcinoma. CONCLUSION: Thyroid lesions are more common in Saudi female. The majority of the thyroid nodules in Saudi are non-neoplastic. Papillary carcinoma is the commonest type of thyroid cancer in Saudi society. Thyroid neoplasm is rare in Saudi children.
Patterns of Thyroid Cancer Mortality and Incidence in Saudi Arabia: A 30-Year Study
Diagnostics
Thyroid cancer is the most prevalent endocrine cancer among the female population in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and the ninth most common in the male population in Saudi Arabia. Over the past years, an increasing incidence of thyroid cancer has been reported in Saudi Arabia. However, the etiology of thyroid cancer is still not clear. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate thyroid cancer incidence and mortality trends in Saudi Arabia from 1990 to 2019. The current study utilized the Global Burden of Disease and the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation databases to extract prevalence data of thyroid cancer in Saudi Arabia from 1990 to 2019. Moreover, the current project utilizes Global Burden of Disease (GBD) web-based tools to visualize these data. In total, 23,846 cases (17,220 females and 6626 males) were diagnosed with thyroid cancer in Saudi Arabia from 1990 to 2019. The incidence is higher in females than in males. Over these 30 years, women’s incidence steadily i...
Journal of clinical medicine research, 2018
Ultrasonography (US) is being recognized as a traditional way of the diagnosis of various thyroid disorders, and this will help in detecting the thyroid tumors in early stage. Thyroid nodules are common and usually benign; steps to diagnose malignancy should include a careful clinical evaluation, laboratory tests, a thyroid US exam and a fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy. A total of 173 registered cases were used for analysis in this study. Diagnosis was made following US-guided FNA cytology (FNAC) and histopathological diagnosis; clinicopathological and demographic data of all such patients were obtained and analyzed for the present study. For statistical analysis, Statistical Package of Social Sciences v.22 (SPSS) was used. In the current study, 87.3% of patients were female, and 12.7% were male. The mean age of the patients was 43.35 years, 86.4% were Saudi nationals and there was no significant difference between age groups. Overall, the distribution of lesions in all age grou...
Thyroid Research
Background: The prevalence of thyroid cancer is increasing worldwide. No previous data are available on the prevalence of thyroid cancer in Yemen. We performed this study to determine the prevalence of thyroid cancer among patients with thyroid nodules in Yemen. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed for 550 patients with thyroid nodules who underwent fine needle aspiration and/or thyroid surgery at a private endocrine clinic and at an endocrine clinic in a tertiary hospital in Yemen over a 3-year period from October 2016-2019. The prevalence of thyroid cancer; the sonographic findings, Bethesda classification, age, sex, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels of the patients; and the nodule size and number were reviewed. Results: A total of 550 charts were reviewed [501 females (91.1%) and 49 males (8.9%)]. The thyroid cancer prevalence among the patients was 13.8% (CI = 10.9-16.7), and the mean age of the patients was 38.5 years (SD = 12.2). The TSH level and the rate of cancer were significantly related (P = 0.01), but no significant difference in the prevalence of thyroid cancer was found between females (13.4%) and males (18.4%) (P = 0.334). When correlating the rate of cancer with the ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration (UG-FNA) result, those with Bethesda system category III and IV, V and VI had malignancy rates of 20.8, 27.2, 52.4 and 69.2%, respectively. Thyroid nodules highly suspicious for malignancy on ultrasound had a 70% cancer diagnosis rate. The most common thyroid cancer was papillary cancer (71%), followed by follicular cancer (23.7%). Among those undergoing surgery, 44.2% had thyroid cancer, and 5.2% had a premalignant diagnosis. Conclusion: Thyroid cancer has a higher prevalence in Yemen than in other middle eastern countries. Our study also reports a higher rate of follicular thyroid cancer than that in other published data, which has to be confirmed by further studies. The malignancy and premalignant diagnosis rate was~50% in our patients who underwent surgery. Many centers in Yemen still do not perform FNA before thyroid surgery. It is important that other centers in the country start emphasizing the need for FNA before surgery. This will decrease the number of unnecessary surgeries and associated complications.
Trends in Thyroid Cancer Incidence in the Gulf Cooperation Council States: a 15-Year Analysis
2020
INTRODUCTION Thyroid cancer is a predominant malignancy in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) states. Explicit regional assessments of incidence are crucial among countries that share similar demographic, cultural, and economic characteristics. This study provides an assessment of trends in thyroid cancer in the GCC over fifteen years. METHODS Data included cases in the GCC, reported to the Gulf Center for Cancer Registration during 1998-2012 (N=10,417). Age-specific rates, age-standardized rates (ASR), and stage at diagnosis are compared between the GCC states during 1998-2002, 2003-2007, and 2008-2012. Standardization of rates was performed using the World Standard Population. RESULTS Between 1998-2002 and 2008-2012, the frequency of thyroid cancer in the GCC was approximately fourfold higher in females than males. The average ASR increased from 1.8 to 2.4/100,000 for males and 5.7 to 8.4/100,000 for females. Age-specific incidence showed a shift towards a younger age for women an...