Growth performance, feed conversion efficiency and blood characteristics of growing pigs fed on different levels of Moringa oleifera leaf meal (original) (raw)
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journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, 2017
To determine the effects of inclusion, at different levels of Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) in growing pig diets on pig’s daily feed intakes (DFI), growth performance, feed conversion efficiency (FCE), haematology and plasma lipid indices, a total 24 pigs aged 2.5 months old were selected and assigned to 4 treatment diets (T) containing: 0% (T1), 3% (T2), 6% (T3) and 12% (T4) MOLM concentrations, each with 2 replications of 3 pigs. The DFI and weekly pig weights were monitored for 7 weeks, after which 2 sets of blood samples were drawn from 2 pigs per replication for haematology and serum lipid determination. The DFI for the T4 (3.16 kg) was significantly higher than T1 (2.90 kg), T2 (2.61 kg) and T3 (2.54 kg). Pigs in T2 had significantly higher daily weight gains (0.836 kg) compared to T1 (0.807 kg), T3 (0.810 kg) and T4 (0.810 kg) groups. Furthermore, pigs in T2 and T3 had significantly higher FCE (31.57 and 31.23% respectively) compared to T4 (28.05%) and T1 (30.31%). Inclusion of MOLM in the diet significantly increased haemoglobin concentration only to the level of T3 (14.70 g/dL) after which there was a reduction in T4 (12.70 g/dL). Higher mean corpuscular volume was also observed for T1 (60.0 fL) compared to T3 (52.30 fL). MOLM diet also improved the white blood cell counts; 16.70×109/L in T2 compared to 14.50×109/L from T1. Total cholesterol in T2 (2.80 mg/mL) were significantly reduced compared to T1 (3.90 mg/mL). This implies, MOLM at lower levels (<6%) in the diet improves haemoglobin concentration, white blood cell counts and exhibits hypocholesterolemic effects, thereby improving growth performance of the animals.
South African Journal of Animal Science, 2015
The effect of dietary inclusion of Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) on the feed conversion ratio (FCR) of finisher pigs, physico-chemical meat quality, fatty acid (FA) composition and shelf life of pork was investigated. A six-week feeding trial was conducted with 24 Large White x Landrace gilts aged 14 weeks. Each pig was housed individually and randomly allocated to one of four dietary treatments, containing 0%, 2.5%, 5% or 7.5% MOLM, with six replicates per treatment. Feed intake was measured daily, pig liveweight was measured weekly, and average daily gains (ADGs) and FCR were calculated. Pigs were slaughtered at 20 weeks old and measurements of backfat thickness, pH 45min and pH 24h were taken. Muscularis longissimus thoracis et lumborum muscle samples from each carcass were analysed for physico-chemical quality. Muscle, subcutaneous fat and feed samples were analysed for FA composition and health lipid indices of atherogenicity (AI) and thrombogenicity (IT) were calculated. A 10-day shelf-life study was conducted, during which instrumental and sensory meat colour and odour were assessed. Pigs fed 7.5% MOLM had significantly higher average daily feed intakes (3.56 kg/day) than pigs fed 0%, 2.5% and 5% MOLM (3.05, 3.14 and 3.07 kg/day, respectively). The FCR of pigs fed 0%, 2.5% and 5% MOLM did not differ significantly (3.34, 3.44 and 3.22, respectively). However, the FCR of pigs fed 7.5% MOLM was significantly poorer (3.78). No significant differences were observed for carcass and physico-chemical quality traits. MOLM inclusion improved shelf life, as meat samples from MOLM-fed pigs exhibited significantly prolonged acceptability of colour and odour during 10 days of refrigerated storage. Although the n-6 : n-3 FA ratios of the dietary treatments containing MOLM were significantly improved (T1 = 35.45, T2 = 22.08, T3 = 14.24, T4 = 15.90), no significant differences were observed for this ratio in the fat composition of the meat or subcutaneous fat samples between treatments. A significant reduction in intramuscular fat and stearic acid content was observed with increasing levels of MOLM. However, all other FA profiles, ratios and health lipid indices did not differ significantly across treatments. In conclusion, up to 5% MOLM may be included in finisher pig feed with no negative effect on feed conversion efficiency, carcass and meat quality traits, and may improve shelf life of pork. However, inclusion levels of 7.5% MOLM may lower FCR. The MOLM inclusion significantly improved the FA composition of the feed, but did not produce the desired improvements in FA composition of meat, probably because of the prominence of fat deposition by de novo lipogenesis in finisher pigs rather than direct incorporation of dietary fatty acids.
Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2020
Moringa oleifera Lam leaf flour is one of the original feed from herbal plants, which is assumed to contain growth promoters and has complete amino acids to stimulate the growth of pigs. This study aims to find out the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf flour (MLF) in diet to increase the growth performance of East Timor local pig. A total of 20 local pig’s male in growth phase with an average initial body weight of 15.35 ± 6.72 kg were used and the randomized block design with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The experiments were carried in this study in the following way: treatment T0 (0% MLF), T1 (3% MLF), T2 (6% MLF) and T3 (9% MLF) in diet. The variables observed were the initial body weight, final weight, daily body weight gain, consumption and FCR. The results showed that the treated of pigs in group 2 exhibited significantly different (P0,05) in the feed consumption was observed among the dietary treatment. We concluded that use of 6% MLF in diets could increase growth performa...
Aims: To determine the influence of Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) on haematological and serum biochemical indices of growing rabbits fed diets containing varying levels of Moringa oleifera leaf meal. Study Design: Completely randomized design. Place and Duration of Study: At the Rabbit unit of the Teaching and Research farm of Federal College of Agriculture, Ishiagu, Ivo L.G.A., State, Nigeria, between May, 2015 and July 2015. Methodology: 48 growing rabbits were used for this study. Four diets were formulated such that diets T1, T2, T3 and T4 contain MOLM at 0%, 10%, 20% and 30%, respectively. The diets were offered to the growing rabbits, which were randomly divided into 4 groups of 12 rabbits each, with 4 animals constituting a replicate in a completely randomized design pattern. Each animal received the experimental diet for 49 days. Blood samples were drawn from each animal on the last day of Original Research Article Jiwuba et al.; BBJ, 15(2): 1-7, 2016; Article no.BBJ.28095 2 the trial and evaluated for haematological and serum biochemical indices, data obtained were analysed statistically. Results: Results showed that packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin Mean cell haemoglobin concentration and white blood cell differed (P<0.05) significantly, while red blood cell, mean cell haemoglobin and mean cell volume were similar (P>0.05) among the groups PCV ranged between 35.01–36.59%. Haemoglobin was improved (p<0.05) by Moringa oleifera leaf meal at 30% inclusion level. White blood cell (WBC) count of weaner rabbits in treatment groups was significantly (p<0.05) higher and better than the control. All the serum biochemical indices were significantly (P<0.05) except creatinine. Cholesterol was lowest at 30% inclusion indicating the anti-diabetic properties of the test ingredient. Conclusions: All the parameters studied fell within the normal range reported for clinically healthy rabbits; an indication that MOLM had a beneficial effect on health status of rabbits. ABBREVIATIONS MOLM = Moringa oleifera leaf meal; PCV = Packed cell volume; MCHC = Mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration; MCH = Mean corpuscular haemoglobin; MCV = Mean corpuscular volume; RBC = Red blood cell; WBC = White blood cell; ANOVA = Analysis of variance; DM = Dry matter; NFE = Nitrogen free extract; ME = Metabolisable energy; CP = Crude protein; CF= Crude fibre.
2022
a Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Salem University, Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria. b Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria. c Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Osun State University, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria. d Department of Chemical and Food Sciences, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Bells University of Technology, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria. e Department of Biochemistry, Lead City University, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. f Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, USA. g Department of Bioscience, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Salem University, Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria. h Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Assessment of Growth Performance and Blood Profile of Rabbit Bucks Fed Moringa oleifera Leaf Meal
The study was conducted to assess growth performance and blood profile of rabbit bucks fed dietary inclusion levels of Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MoLM). Thirty (30) rabbit bucks (739.83 to 805.17 g) were balanced for weight and allocated to five groups of 6 rabbits and replicated six times with a buck per replicate in a complete randomized design. Five diets were formulated with incorporation of MoLM at 0.0, 7.5, 15.0, 22.5 and 30.0% and denoted as T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, respectively. Results on growth performance parameters were not influenced by dietary treatment. Rabbits fed control diet, diets containing 7.5, 15.0 and 22.5% had highest and similar dress weight while those on diet containing 30.0% recorded the least dress weight. Heart weight was highest and Original Research Article
In order to contribute to a better use of Moringa oleifera in guinea pig's diet, tests were conducted at the University of Dschang between March and July 2018. The study focused on the chemical composition and in vivo digestibility of Moringa oleifera fertilized at different levels with chicken droppings in guinea pig (Cavia porcellus). Moringa oleifera used in this trial was fertilized at doses of 0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg N/ha and harvested when the plants were 4 months old. The harvested M. oleifera was dried and then crushed with a hand grater. Similarly, 60 adult guinea pigs of local breed, including 30 males and 30 females, were purchased from stock farmers in the town of Dschang and the surrounding area. These animals were 5 months old and had an average weight of 450 ± 50 g. After 2 weeks of acclimation in the farm rearing lodges and 10 days of adaptation in the individual digestibility cages, the animals were randomly divided into 2 groups of 6 batches having 5 animals in each batch. Each group was subjected to 6 rations of Moringa oleifera fertilized at different doses with chicken manure (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg N/ha) and 200g Trypsacum laxum as basic fodder. During the digestibility test which lasted 7 days, each diet was repeated on 10 guinea pigs; 5 males and 5 females. The main results showed that Crude protein (CP) and ash increase with fertilization levels while non-nitrogen extract (NNE) and sugar decreased with fertilization levels. Fertilization had no effect on the dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) and crude fiber (CF) content of Moringa oleifera. Ingestion of M. oleifera and nutrients in animals were comparable (p > 0.05) with fertilization levels. Regardless of fertilization level, digestibili-ty of all nutrients was comparable (p>0.05). Digestibility of crude fiber in males was HIGHER THAN THOSE OF FEMALES FOR 100, 150, 200 and 250 Kg N/ha diets. This study showed that 100, 150, 200 et 250 kg N/ha has resulted in the highest fiber digestibility of Moringa oleifera at 4 months.
2024
To evaluate the impact of dietary inclusion of Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) on the growth performance, body conformation, and blood biochemistry of intensively managed cattle heifers, a total of 12 heifers were randomly selected and divided into two groups viz. group-CON (basal diet) and group-MOLM (basal diet + 10% M. oleifera leaf meal). Results indicate that significantly higher feed intake was observed in the MOLM group. The heifers supplemented with MOLM were having significantly improved body weight, body height, body length and heart girth compared to the heifers in CON group. Blood parameters, including Red Blood Cells (RBCs), haemoglobin, and immunoglobulins, showed positive trends, with immunoglobulin G levels significantly higher in the MOLM group. In conclusion dietary M. oleifera leaf meal improved growth, body measurement and blood biochemistry of intensively managed cattle heifers.
Asian Journal of Research in Biochemistry
The current research investigated the nutritional value of the Moringa oleifera leaves Four diets, different in their composition were used on sixteen male albino rats (n=4). Commercial vitamins and minerals premix (75.0 g) were used solely in diet 1; diet 2 contained 37.5 g of the vitamin-mineral premix and 37.5 g MOL. Diet 3 contained 19.0 g of vitamin-mineral premix and 56.0 g of MOL. Diet 4 contained only MOL (75.0 g) as the sole source of vitamins and minerals. Diets 1, 2, 3 and 4 were provided for groups A (control), B, C and D respectively. Nutritional evaluation of the Moringa oleifera leaves contained protein (28.23±0.02%), dry matter (25.56±05%), Calcium (723.01 ±0.11 mg), Magnesium (677.28±0.00 mg) and Zinc (214.51±0.02 mg). Concerning the respective diets on feed consumption, bodyweight gain and growth performance, results showed a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in dose-dependent manners compared with control (A). Groups C and D showed a significant decrease (p > ...