Simulation of Participation: Design Process of Residential Architecture (original) (raw)
Related papers
2000
Salama, A. M. (2000). Community Participation and the Housing Process: The Case of an Egyptian City, Quseir, AUEJ: Al Azhar University Engineering Journal, 4 (Special Issue). ISSN # 1110-6406. Community design as a term embraces community participation, social architecture, and community development. Although the issue of participation has been in vogue since the late sixties, basic disagreements do exist among professionals over what is meant by community participation. Some conceive it as political organization, while others advocate it as a sort of relationship in a decision-making activity. The idea of participation can be traced to preliterate societies. However, it has reemerged as a movement from the growing realization that the mismanagement of the physical environment is a major factor contributing to the social and economic ills of the world and that there are better ways of going about planning and design. The question that this paper addresses is how people can best participate in the housing process? The reverse question is in fact more important: How can architects and planners best participate in housing processes? To answer these questions the case study of Quseir, an Egyptian city located on the Red Sea Coast 600 Km away from Cairo, is presented. The case study highlights aspects that pertain to community involvement in the proposed action plan, developed by the author, for the historic core of the city. Also, it introduces a community design approach as a framework that delineates new roles architects and planners can play. This approach has been implemented by the author in a housing project within an International Idea Competition launched by the International Union of Architects and the UNESCO in 1998, and won one of the five major prizes. The most important conclusion is that local and personal housing activities should be controlled by local decisions, and that professional roles must be redefined to meet social aspirations of contemporary societies.
(2007) Beyond the blocks of flats. The potential for community participation
ENHR 2007 International Conference ‘Sustainable Urban Areas’, 2007
"This study explores the potential for community participation to enhance the environmental quality of owner-built housing in the city of Pitesti, Romania. First, perceptions of the environmental quality of the neighbourhood arising from inhabitants, decision-makers, and architects are explored and their degree of correlation is assessed. Second, an investigation is conducted of the community profile, self-defined objectives and the inhabitants’ and decision-makers’ perception of existing participatory mechanisms. The study develops a model of perception structured on a spatial and a temporal axis in which participants position their ‘urban vision’ of the neighbourhood. The ‘urban vision’ is a mental concept that involves different definition of needs and therefore generates different priorities. A major finding is that inhabitants and decision-makers share a similar spatial perception of the neighbourhood, resulting in a similar set of priorities. The actual content of their ‘urban vision’ as well as the time frame for action significantly overlap. This opens the potential for community participation. In the study neighbourhood, the community is economically mixed, demographically homogeneous and socially secluded but individuals express a high desire to participate to resolve a neighbourhood problem rather than to interact socially to enhance cohesion. However, tools of dialogue are not yet tailored to match citizens’ preferences for direct and informal ways of participation. The study concludes that the community participation in the case-study unit is still tentative. In other words, there is still doubt and uncertainty regarding its successful implementation although there is real necessity and readiness for concessions among actors. However, the study shows that there is need for local authorities to take the lead in finding ways to progress towards a successful experiment."
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
Engagement of public in the planning and design of our cities is one of the most basic foundations of the democratic society and is directly reflected on the quality of life of each individual. The public participation is necessary at least from two reasons-firstly, in order to define the real needs of local residents, and secondly, to gather feedback on the top-down of proposed regulations and planning documents. Especially in the countries after transition, a particular environment of panel mass housing estates presents a specific challenge to meet these trends. These areas can be characterised by lack of identity and individual attachment of local resident to their everyday spaces, the lack of demarcated public/private spaces-or, in other words-the plethora or "shared" no-one space. This leads to serious problems for city officials. The lack of organised communities means very difficult position in acquainting the inhabitants with development of the district, for example the area of central axis which was planned as main transport and facilities corridor but which was never built and so today has become a huge abandoned space. In Slovakia, at the same time, the areas of mass housing areas represent at least 70% of the whole housing stock, and the methods of their sustainable transformation are therefore an urgent topic for many urban planners and municipality offices. The proposed article deals with the case of redevelopment of area in mass housing estate in Petržalka, part of the capital of Bratislava in Slovakia, based on the piloting various different methods of community involvement and community building. Furthermore, the article contributes to the general topic of finding the balanced tools of planning and regulating the sustainable city development and applicability of proposed methods as a standard urban design and planning tool from the municipal level.
Critical Housing Analysis, 2016
Large housing estates (LHE) found in CEE countries can be seen as a legacy of socialism. Their endurance in these countries is still evident: the future of LHEs is substantially linked to their physical and social characteristics formed during socialism and their decline in status in Hungary and Latvia. The Western European practice of urban rehabilitation and community initiatives has gained more and more ground (sometimes literally) as of late. Our paper examines this phenomenon by analysing examples of converted green space of LHEs in two former socialist cities-a neglected and underused former "traffic park" in Budapest and a typical LHE "courtyard" overgrown and unused in Riga. We focus on the conversational process and the participatory approach of inhabitants and analyse how the redesigning of green areas involving local communities can lead to inhabitants feeling more at home in this housing structure.
2011
Intentional communities, Cooperatives de logement, Genossenschaften or Co-housing are types of collaborative housing in which residents actively participate in the design and operation of their own neighbourhoods. Cohousing residents are consciously committed to living as a community, and to managing the accommodation by themselves. The physical design to combine both social contact and individual space requires a gradual range of semi-public/-private spaces. Collective investment opens opportunities for renewable energy networks and sustainable innovative building. Many initiators as well as scholars therefore see a potential in the projects as experiments for the transition toward sustainable production and collaborative governance. Housing politicians and executive institutes tend to be more sceptical and perceive cooperative self-steered housing as peripheral solutions for a small minority of dwellers. This paper approaches the field from an architectural point of view. It applies criteria from gender-theory to investigate in how far the intentional communities represent a model for inclusive, ecological housing.
Participatory Processes in Contemporary Housing Design and Construction
Doctoral Studies on Housing, 2008
This research aims to analyze different processes of citizen participation in the development of housing. The study discusses and compares diverse methodologies of participation in the search for customizing the domestic spaces and evaluates which of these methods could be more effective promoting authentic participation in the process of design and construction of housing. Nowadays, besides creating shelters for protection, there is also need to design spaces, which could respond in a better way to the different manners of life. Therefore, it is important to study the process of designing such spaces. There are several ways to share the inhabited space, not every residence is occupied by the traditional family. Sometimes every person in the house has different schedules and in other situations, there are many simultaneous activities that can be carried out in the same room or various ways to use the space. The standard dwelling cannot respond to these differences. The participation of the users is common on the creation of individual dwellings, however for collective housing, there is a demand for organized and immediate methods in which the users can explain their needs and the architects can create a variety of options according to those.
Community participation for housing development
The aim of this research is to explore the roles of community participation in the development of housing, as the concept is known to be important over the world. The paper also looks at the barriers to community participation in housing development as well as the role of community participation in housing development. Methodology/approach: The study is conducted with reference to existing theoretical literature, published and unpublished research. The study is mainly a literature review focused on the concept of community participation in housing development. Findings: One of the primary findings of this study is that citizens need to build capacity and resources in order to achieve community participation in planning and project development. Also, the study shows that citizen's participation in community development projects does not usually occur by chance, but because certain principles are observed at an acceptable level to the participants and to other stakeholders. Other finding include that Citizens will voluntarily participate in a community activity if they could derive benefit to themselves and the entire community. Originality: The study explores the concept of community participation, as it is seen as a way for locals to influence development by contributing to project design, influencing public policies and choices, and holding public institutions accountable for the goods and services they provide. The study presents a robust background to the concept of 'community' and 'participation', and on the roles of community participation to development project scheduled to change the lives of the citizens. The paper contributes to this body of knowledge.
Residents Participation for a Sustainable Community in a Democratic Society
Public participation builds on classic democratic theory: that those citizens who are affected by decisions should have a say in decisions that affect their lives because they will become better citizens. Participation is effective when, the task is conceptualized in terms of what is to be accomplished when the need is acknowledged to involve citizens. And it is often the physical and environmental projects that citizens see directly affecting their lives. To create a condition in which people can act on their own environmental needs, in which they can make the distinction between the experts technical and aesthetic judgment, requires a change in the consciousness of both people and professionals. To illustrate the impact of public participation two case studies demonstrate cross-cultural similarities between residents in achieving a regeneration of their neighborhoods.
Guidelines from community participation for the design of collective housing
2014
The Housing Design Studio of the School of Architecture (ArqPoli, founded in 1995) at the Polytechnic University of Puerto Rico, (founded in 1966 and located in the capital, San Juan) requires students to learn the concepts and fundamentals of design, and also to solve complex architectural problems. It emphasizes the fundamentals of design focused on the subject of housing. For this, the course consists of a series of lectures, site visits, exercises, projects, and class discussions. The dynamics of the design workshop provide a framework for interaction between students and the teacher as they work to find alternatives to the same problem. This revolves around the theme of ‘habitat évolutif’, i.e., housing that is a reflection of its inhabitants and therefore may be a changing entity, unfinished, adaptable and flexible to fit different lifestyles. As part of the OIKODOMOS Network, the fourteen students of the Housing Design Studio, Winter 2013, worked with design guidelines prepared by the ‘ENLACE Project of Caño Martín Peña Corporation’. The ‘ENLACE Project’ is an organization whose mission is to coordinate and implement public policy relating to the rehabilitation of the river course Caño Martín Peña, in San Juan Puerto Rico. It also works with urban, social and economic development of the surrounding communities with effective and active participation of residents and community-based organizations, through partnerships between the communities and the private and public sectors. These guidelines were created taking into account a participatory process carried out with the residents of the communitie for the design of collective housing. The dwellings need to be built for the relocation of residents whose homes will be affected by the dredging of the channel.