A Meta-Analysis of the Characterisations of Plastic Ingested by Fish Globally (original) (raw)
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Microplastics in fish an emerging concernfor human healthand nutrition compressed
Food and Scientific report, 2021
Plastic production and its usage are increased exponentially and will continue to do so due to its durability and utility. Thousand tons of plastics are disposed prejudicially into the water bodies across the world every year due to lack of inadequate disposal and management system. In aquatic ecosystems, micro plastic pollution poses multiple serious threats to biodiversity. Micro plastic contamination is of emerging concern as these are hazardous to aquatic life, since they are the potential source of toxins and have direct impact on fish physiology. Micro plastic contamination of fish is also likely to pose serious threat to human life upon ingestion.
Brazilian journal of biology , 2023
Around the globe, plastic has been entering the aquatic system and is ingested by organisms. Identification, optimal digestion method, and characterization of the polymers to trace sources are of growing importance. Hence, the present work investigated microplastics accumulation, digestion protocol efficiency, and characterization of polymers with FTIR analysis in the guts of five fishes (Lethrinus nebulosus, Rastrelliger kanagurta, Acanthopagrus arabicus, Otolithes ruber, and Euryglossa orientalis) from the Karachi coastal area, Arabian Sea. A total of 1154 microplastics (MPs) were ingested by 29 out of 33 fish species (87%). The highest average MP/fish was recorded in Otolithes ruber (54) and the lowest in Rastrelliger kanagurta (19.42). Microfibers were the most abundant shape with the highest numbers (35.52%) as compared to the rest of the MPs identified. Transparent microfibers were recorded as the highest in numbers followed by red, black, blue, and green. In this study, KOH with different concentrations and exposure times along with oxidizing agent hydrogen peroxide was tested (Protocols 3 and 4). Results showed these bases were highly efficient in obtaining optimal digestion of the samples. FTIR analysis confirmed that the majority of the polymers found in the fish guts were polyethylene and polypropylene. This study validated for the first time the presence of these polymers of plastic in marine fish from Pakistan.
Plastic pollution in the aquatic ecosystem: an emerging threat need to be tackled
2021
The accumulation of plastic substances in the aquatic ecosystem is a threat that should not be underestimated. Smaller plastic pieces, such as microplastics and nanoplastics, are of particular concern since their presence in the food web is persistent. Microplastics enter in the food chain and its very bottom, when aquatic organisms eat or ingest contaminated food materials, and keep being transferred in the next food web such as predators including humans. It is evident that aquatic organisms frequently ingest microplastics across a variety of feeding guilds. Marine organisms may cause shock, inner or outer injuries, ulcerating sores, blocking digestive tracts, fake feelings, degraded feeding capabilities, fatigue, weakness, limited predator prevention, or death due to the ingestion of large plastic material and/or particles. However, effects of microplastic particles on marine organisms and the toxicity mechanisms are largely unknown. There is much more limited evidence of the imp...
Environmental Science & Technology, 2013
To quantify the occurrence of ingested plastic in fish species caught at different geographical positions in the North Sea, and to test whether the fish condition is affected by ingestion of plastics, 1203 individual fish of seven common North Sea species were investigated: herring, gray gurnard, whiting, horse mackerel, haddock, atlantic mackerel, and cod. Plastic particles were found in 2.6% of the examined fish and in five of the seven species. No plastics were found in gray gurnard and mackerel. In most cases, only one particle was found per fish, ranging in size from 0.04 to 4.8 mm. Only particles larger than 0.2 mm, being the diameter of the sieve used, were considered for the data analyses, resulting in a median particle size of 0.8 mm. The frequency of fish with plastic was significantly higher (5.4%) in the southern North Sea, than in the northern North Sea above 55°N (1.2%). The highest frequency (>33%) was found in cod from the English Channel. In addition, small fibers were initially detected in most of the samples, but their abundance sharply decreased when working under special clean air conditions. Therefore, these fibers were considered to be artifacts related to air born contamination and were excluded from the analyses. No relationship was found between the condition factor (size−weight relationship) of the fish and the presence of ingested plastic particles.
Brazilian Journal of Biology
Around the globe, plastic has been entering the aquatic system and is ingested by organisms. Identification, optimal digestion method, and characterization of the polymers to trace sources are of growing importance. Hence, the present work investigated microplastics accumulation, digestion protocol efficiency, and characterization of polymers with FTIR analysis in the guts of five fishes (Lethrinus nebulosus, Rastrelliger kanagurta, Acanthopagrus arabicus, Otolithes ruber, and Euryglossa orientalis) from the Karachi coastal area, Arabian Sea. A total of 1154 microplastics (MPs) were ingested by 29 out of 33 fish species (87%). The highest average MP/fish was recorded in Otolithes ruber (54) and the lowest in Rastrelliger kanagurta (19.42). Microfibers were the most abundant shape with the highest numbers (35.52%) as compared to the rest of the MPs identified. Transparent microfibers were recorded as the highest in numbers followed by red, black, blue, and green. In this study, KOH w...
Microplastics in Aquatic Environments and Their Toxicological Implications for Fish
Toxicology - New Aspects to This Scientific Conundrum, 2016
The intensive use of plastics and derivatives during the last century has increased the contamination of animal habitats. The breakdown of these primary plastics in the environment results in microplastics (MP), small fragments of plastic typically <1-5 mm in size. Apart from the potential negative effects of the MPs per se, it is generally assumed that microplastics may increase the exposure of marine aquatic organisms to chemicals associated with the plastics. In addition, to enhance the performance of plastics, additives are added during manufacture. Furthermore, they are active in absorbing other contaminants and be used as vectors of highly and well-documented persistent contaminants. Finally, these small MPs are easily ingested by animals and affect their physiology and behaviour. Thus, aquatic living organisms are continuously exposed to these MPs, and associated contaminants, and could suffer from its contamination but also introduce them into the food chain.
Microplastics as an emerging threat to the fresh water fishes: A review.
International Journal of Biological Innovations, 2022
In the present scenario, microplastics (MPs) are emitted into the environment either directly from the use of cosmetic products or indirectly from the decomposition of big plastic items. These are commonly found in aquatic environments and amongst the most serious threats to freshwater ecosystems. Plastic components are broken down into the small fragments from large fragments during the treatment procedure in treatment plants of wastewater. Such plants act as an entry point for the MPs into the aquatic ecosystem; so it is necessary that MPs must be removed from the wastewater during the treatment process. Microplastics can be consumed directly by fish or indirectly through prey that contains these particles. These MPs can have a variety of ecotoxicological consequences on fish, including behavioural changes, cytotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and liver stress, among other things. The presence of microplastics along with the contaminants can boost the deposition of such contaminants in aquatic biota. Since the microplastics are of emerging concern, hence authors attempted to explain the possible impacts of these particles on aquatic species and human beings.
2019
Plastic is pervasive in modern economies and ecosystems. Early research suggests freshwater fish commonly ingest microplastic (particles \u3c 5 mm), which may influence fish digestive tissues, but no studies have examined historical patterns in microplastic consumption or rates of microplastic retention in fish. We measured microplastic in digestive tissue of specimens collected and preserved over the last century (Field Museum, Chicago). We selected Micropterus salmoides (largemouth bass), Notropis stramineus (sand shiner), Ictalurus punctatus (channel catfish), and Neogobius melanostomus (round goby) because each was well represented in the museum collection, with specimens from urban rivers. Specimens from 1900-2018 showed increases in microplastic concentration from the 1950\u27s to present. in a second project, we collected round gobies from Lake Michigan in Chicago to conduct feeding experiments to measure microplastic ingestion and retention rates. the majority of microplasti...
Ingestion of plastic by fish destined for human consumption in remote South Pacific Islands
Plastic marine debris is increasingly recognised as one of the greatest threats to global oceans, and the humans who depend on them. This study documents plastic ingestion in 24 species caught or sold for human consumption in the South Pacific. Fish were collected from local fishermen and markets in remote locations, including French Polynesia, Lord Howe Island and Henderson Island (Pitcairn group). Gastrointestinal tracts of 126 fish were visually examined and plastic was found in 7.9% of individual fish and 25% of species. The plastics were mostly microplastics (fragments, nurdles and rope). There was no significant difference in plastic ingestion in relation to feeding style, length, region or species. This is concerning as plastic appears to be widespread across species, lifestyles and habitats. This is the first report of plastic in South Pacific fish, raising concerns about the transfer of pollutants in a region that is largely oceanic and heavily dependent on seafood. The remote locations of the study also provide evidence of the widespread nature of this issue.
Plastic Particle Ingestion by Wild Freshwater Fish: A Critical Review
Environmental Science & Technology, 2019
Table S1. Overview of studies reporting plastic contamination in freshwaters. Sample Continent Location Water body Plastic mean size (mm) Mean (or range) of plastic concentrations Modified mean (or range) of plastic concentrations References Water Europe France River ? 0.3 i/m³ 0.3 i/m³ Dris et al. 2015 Water Europe Switzerland Lakes ? 92,800 i/m² 60,000 mg/m²-Faure et al. 2015 Water Europe France River ? 1.4% of all debris-Gasperi et al. 2014 Water Europe Austria River ? 316.8 i/1000m³ 4.8 g/1000m³ 0.3168 i/m³ Lechner et al. 2014 Water Europe Portugal Rivers ? 58-1265 i/m 3 5-51.7 mg/m 3 58-1265 i/m 3 Rodrigues et al. 2018 Water Europe Hungary Lakes & river* ? 0-32.05 i/m³ 0-32.05 i/m³ Bordós et al. Water