Caregiver Burden Among Informal Caregivers of Women with Breast Cancer (original) (raw)
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Caregiver burden among poor caregivers of patients with cancer in an urban African setting
Psycho-oncology, 2010
Objectives: The nature and magnitude of the problems facing caregivers remain largely unknown in developing countries of the world. This study addresses these issues in a group of caregivers of patients with cancer in Zaria, Nigeria.Method: One hundred and three patients attending an oncology outpatient clinic at the Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital were enrolled in the study with their caregivers. The caregivers were interviewed using the Socio-demographic data sheet, General Health Questionnaire-30 (GHQ-30) and Zarith Burden Interview (ZBI). A score of 4 or more in GHQ and scores above the median score of the sample in ZBI were considered a clinically significant level of psychological morbidity and a high level of burden, respectively. Data obtained were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 13 for Windows. All statistical tests of significance were carried out at 5% level of probability.Results: The patients were 60 women whose mean age was 57. Of the 103 caregivers, 60 (58%) were men and 43 (42%) were women. Their mean age was 37. Their mean ZBI and GHQ-30 scores were 29.16±12.8 (median = 25) and 3.67±3.01, respectively. A high level of burden was found in 49.5% (95% CI 39.9–59.1%) and psychological morbidity was found in 46.6% (95% CI 37.0–56.2%) of the caregivers. High levels of burden and psychological morbidity were significantly associated with absence of financial support.Conclusion: The study demonstrated a high level of caregiver burden, psychological morbidity and financial strain in family caregivers coming to the clinic with a relative who has cancer in an urban Nigerian setting. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Social and Institutional Support in Breast Cancer Management among Elderly Women in Nigeria
Public Health in Developing Countries - Challenges and Opportunities [Working Title], 2019
The focus of the study was on the social and institutional support available in Nigeria for the management of breast cancer among elderly women. It examined the occurrence and sociocultural factors implicated in breast cancer among elderly women in Nigeria. It discovered that there is increasing incidence of breast cancer among elderly women in Nigeria with an equally increasing mortality rate due largely to low awareness of this menace among women who are past childbearing age. In addition to a low level of awareness are other sociocultural factors such as age, income, education, and the belief systems of the people that the study identified as drivers of increasing menace of breast cancer among elderly women. The above are compounded by the scarcity and inaccessibility of cancer treatment and management facilities in Nigeria. Incidentally, counseling services from such professions as social work and clinical psychology are hardly in existence, leaving the burden of management and care entirely to the families of those affected by the ailment. This calls for a rethink of the sociocultural and support context of public health management in Nigeria. This paper examines the availability and adequacy of existing social and institutional support for breast cancer in Nigeria.
Managing Breast Cancer: Echoes from Patients in Lagos, Nigeria
Journal of Cancer Education, 2016
Breast cancer is ranked second as the cause of cancer death among women. Of importance to the management of breast cancer is the interaction processes between the patients and their professional caregivers or healthcare providers. Against this background, this study explores the experiences of Nigerian women as breast cancer patients and their interaction with their caregivers in the management of their condition. The study was cross-sectional in design. Twenty diagnosed breast cancer patients participated in the study and were purposively selected using convenience and snow balling sampling technique. Patients affirmed that they were initially afraid when diagnosed but overcame their fear based on caregivers' supports. Physical interactions and the use of mobile phones were common means of communication while the fear of death and financial burden of the disease were of major concerns to the patients. The majority of the patients were satisfied with the quality of care and treatment received in the private hospitals as they were encouraged and supported. It was discovered that professional caregivers are germane to patients' survival from shock and adequate information on how to manage their condition and live a normal life.
PLOS global public health, 2022
Breast cancer is the number one cause of cancer death in women globally. According to the Global cancer registry, there were 2.3 million new cases of breast cancer diagnosed in 2020 worldwide, accounting for 25% of all cancer cases in women. The data on the cost burden of breast cancer on households is limited in Ghana, it is therefore imperative that it is estimated to ensure effective planning and provision of adequate resources for breast cancer treatment. This cost-of-illness study estimates the household treatment cost of breast cancer and the cost coping strategies used by patients. This cost-of-illness study was conducted at the surgical unit (Surgical unit 2) of the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital (KBTH), with 74 randomly selected patients and their accompanying caregiver(s). Data was collected using structured questionnaire on direct, indirect and intangible costs incurred and coping strategies used by patients and their households. The results are presented in descriptive and analytic cost statistics. Most of the patients were aged 40-69 years and were married with moderate education levels. Nearly 57% of patients earn an income of USD 370 or less per month. The average household expenditure was USD 990.40 (medical cost: USD 789.78; non-medical cost: USD 150.73; and indirect cost: USD 50). The publicly provided mechanism was the most utilized cost coping strategy. The direct, indirect and intangible costs associated with breast cancer treatment had significant financial and psychological implications on patients and their households. Moreover, poorer families are more likely to use the publicly provided strategies to cope with the increasing cost of breast cancer treatment.
Systematic Reviews
Introduction: Caregivers of women with breast cancer in low-and-middle-income countries experience significant physical and economic burdens. The review aimed to map the evidence of studies that had reported on the experiences of family caregivers of women diagnosed with breast cancer. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science databases using a combination of key search terms and medical subject heading terms such as "family caregiver," "breast cancer," "home care," "low-and-middle-income countries," "experience," "effect," and "coping mechanism." A total of 1781 articles were retrieved and screened. Nineteen studies addressing caregiving experiences were included in the final review based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The systematic review yielded 19 studies that focused on caregivers' motivation, needs of caregivers, intervention for caregivers, and consequences of caregiving. The most significant correlates of the quality of life among caregivers were disease severity, functional status of patients, and family income. The challenges encountered by caregivers were mostly psychosocial. Conclusions: Caregivers play a crucial role in the management of women with breast cancer. However, they are faced with increasing challenges in their caregiving roles. Understanding the nature and extent of the burden experienced by family caregivers in developing countries will facilitate the development of appropriate interventions that can help improve caregivers' quality of life. Gaps in recent studies were identified, and suggestions for future research were also addressed in this review.
PLOS ONE
Introduction Significant number of women present with advanced-stage breast cancer in Ghana. These women usually depend on family caregivers for their multi-dimensional needs. Yet, there are gaps in research about what motivates family caregivers to assume the caring role and their experiences with caregiving within the Ghanaian context. Aim To explore and describe the caregiving motivations and experiences among family caregivers of patients living with advanced breast cancer. Methods In-depth, semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 15 family caregivers who were providing unpaid care for women living with advanced breast cancer. Colaizzi's thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. Results Family relationship normally prescribed the caregiving role among family caregivers. Due to the lack of home-based palliative services in Ghana, findings suggest that family caregivers are the main managers of advanced breast cancer-related symptoms in the home. These findings are discussed under three major themes: (i) motivation for assuming the caregiving role; (ii) meeting self-care and psychosocial needs of the patient; and (iii) symptom management and monitoring. Conclusion Socio-cultural values influence the role of family caregivers in Ghana. This presents opportunities for health professionals and relevant stakeholders to develop a culturally-PLOS ONE
Assessment of the impact of breast cancer on women in Gombe State, Northeastern Nigeria
2019
Objective: The aim of the study is to assess the physical, financial, emotional and social impact of breast cancer on women in North east Nigeria.Methods: A qualitative transcendental phenomenological study design was adopted, using face-to face unstructured interview to collect data from 22 respondents who were recruited via purposive non-probability sampling technique. The interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and further analyzed using thematic analysis method into themes and sub-themes.Results: The result revealed excruciating pains that does not abate completely as the main physical impact, expensive cost of treatment as the major financial impact and crying as the major emotional impact of breast cancer on women. However, been diagnosed with breast cancer had no any consequences on participants’ relationship with spouse or family members.Conclusion: Breast cancer causes pain, makes women to cry and the treatment is very expensive but it does not cause relationship pro...
Other Side of Breast Cancer: Factors Associated with Caregiver Burden
Asian Nursing Research, 2016
Purpose: This study aimed to determine factors associated with caregiver burden among primary caregivers of women with breast cancer in Iran. Methods: This was a descriptive correlation study conducted in 2012 on 150 main caregivers of patients with breast cancer who came to the oncology clinic of Shahid Ghazi hospital in Tabriz, Iran. A questionnaire which included caregiving-related factors and the Zarit Burden Interview was used for data collection after its validity and reliability were determined. Data was analyzed using SPSS 13.0 software with descriptive and analytic statistics. The association between significant variables and the dependent variable with an observation of the effects of other variables was assessed using the multiple linear regression model. Results: The mean age of caregivers was 39.60 ± 13.80 years old, and 77 (51.3%) of them were men. The mean score of the Zarit Burden Interview was 30.55 ± 19.18. In the regression model, the mean score of activities of daily living, level of education, gender, and financial status were identified as the determining factors of the burden of caregivers. Conclusions: Primary caregivers need to be financially supported by the relevant organizations. Care skills training and providing palliative care seem helpful in reducing the pain and the burden of family caregivers for patients with breast cancer.
Socioeconomic impact of breast cancer on young women in Ghana: A qualitative study
Nursing Open, 2020
AimThis study was undertaken to discover the socioeconomic impact of breast cancer on young women in Ghana.MethodsA qualitative exploratory and descriptive design was used to recruit 12 young women from the University of Ghana hospital, 37 Military hospital and Ridge hospital. Individual interviews were conducted face to face and data transcribed verbatim and analysed using content analysis.ResultsThree themes emerged: perceptions and beliefs; economic concerns; and secrecy. Participants perceived that breast cancer was a test of faith, a spiritual disease that is contagious and disgraceful. Mostly, participants stopped work to cater for themselves, and as a result, they encountered financial challenges. Their challenges were compounded with conscious efforts to keep diagnosis secret to avoid being stigmatized.ConclusionYoung women living with breast cancer need support physically, economically and socially from healthcare providers, their families and the society at large.
BMC Health Services Research
Background The impact of cancer extends beyond patients and consumes their families. Family members are widely recognized as informal caregivers. The economic burden on family caregivers is increased with new treatments, prolonged survival, and reduced stay in the acute care setting. This is especially true in African countries where family bonds are sacred and health system is fragile that they need to pay out of pocket for care. The aim of this study is to estimate the perceived caregivers’ economic burden in the subsequent aspects: financial strain, inability to make ends meet, not enough money for necessities, and economic adjustments/cutbacks. Method This study was a quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at Khartoum oncology hospital. Included 143 caregivers of cancer patients. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using the socio-demographic Questionnaire and Economic Hardship Questionnaire (EHQ). Results One hundred forty-three cancer patient...