FROM PERSONAL IDENTITY TO PLURALISM OF INTERCULTURAL IDENTITY: A STUDY ON THE TRANSFERABILITY OF SELF-KNOWLEDGE TO THE MULTICULTURAL SOCIAL CONTEXTS (original) (raw)
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A Model for Multicultural Identities Within an Individual
2009
As cultural borders are crossed and increasing numbers of individuals are identifying with more than one culture, the issue of how we define ourselves and our place in society is becoming a more complicated task. Multiculturalism not only relates to a society made up of individuals with a variety of cultural identities, but it can also refer to an individual with an identity comprised of more than one culture. This article examines models of identity development, including multicultural identity models. It then introduces a model of multicultural identities within an individual which is an adaptation of the iceberg metaphor of culture illustrated by Cummins (1980), Ting-Toomey and Chung (2005), and others. マルティカルチャリズムというのは一つの社会が様々の文化の人々でできていることだ けではなく、一人の人が様々の文化をもつことでも言えます。 世界が小さくなり、二つ以上の文化に浸し身をもつ人が増えると同時に自分が誰だとか 自分の社会的の立場が何なのかなどの問題が複雑になって来ています。 この論文はマルティカルチャルアイデンティティを含まれ、アイデンティティのモデル
Unity in Diversity, vol.1: Cultural Paradigm and Personal Identity.
2013
‘Who am I?’ The answer to this question is one of the most important issues a human being has to address in life. This is a question about possessing the continuous self, about the internal concept of oneself as an individual. The self-defining process, the discovery of the self takes place in the context of culture and society. The impact of social experience is felt across the whole life-span. Socialization exerted by parents, family and friends, acculturation to stereotypes and limited and limiting roles, inheritance of local identity and cultural myths, acknowledgement of the legacy of history contribute to the formation of poly-identity comprised of personal, racial, national, group or gender identities. Unity in Diversity. Cultural Paradigm and Personal Identity is a collection of essays by scholars of multicultural experience who, by employing different interpretative strategies indicative of their different backgrounds and interests, explore the issues of difference and otherness, inclusion/exclusion and of multiple ethnic, cultural, gender, and national identities. Offering literary, cultural, social, and historical perspectives the collection will be of interest to readers studying contemporary literature, (popular) culture, gender studies, sociology, and history.
Building A Multicultural Indonesian Nation Through The Mediation Of Self-Identity And Self-Concept
Asian Journal of Management Entrepreneurship and Social Science, 2023
The combination of cultural frameworks presented by multicultural identity has many advantages in facilitating adaptation. How can someone feel friendly and comfortable with their environment wherever and whenever an individual is. This persistence seems to describe and treat the world as a "friendly global village". New identities and topics of how individuals deal with internal cultural diversity need to be adequately explored. The fact that there is selfidentity and self-concept in society will generally change when influenced by social change. Focusing on examining integrative approaches in Islamic and cultural studies, with the type of library research in the area of descriptive analysis as a way of collecting data, compiling, classifying for analysis and interpretation, it can be concluded that: 1) The need to search for deeper meanings in differences between groups and individual, intra similarity such as behavior, knowledge, emotion, interaction and style; 2) Self-identity is not only a matter of selfdescription but also a matter of the social labels affixed to it; 3) Rejected social identity results in defensive anticipatory reactions; 4) The self-concept will be awakened, when the need for acknowledgment of the suitability of their identity is also given. The four things above, in its realization there are at least three dimensions as mediation in building the multicultural nation of Indonesia, namely: 1) Mediation of social tolerance; 2) Mediation of religious moderation; 3) Prejudice reduction mediation and 4). Friendly social media mediation
CULTURAL IDENTITIES: ROOTS OR ROUTES
The issue that the identities are acquired congenitally or created in the collective past has been opened to debate in the last century. The challenge made to the fact that the identities have fixed " selves " , has argued that the identity is not a given structure. According to this view, identity is a constructed structure and this construction process is always in the construction phase. No identity can ever be completed. There is an endless transformation. The past, which was given reference by the identity, has a variable structure just like the identity itself. The accumulation of what has happened in the past, changes in accordance with the viewpoints of both those who narrate the past and those who try to conceive the past. Moreover, in the reconstruction of the identity and the past, man is not the sole authority. People are constantly open to the external influences during the construction of their identities. Thus, the identity is constructed in an individual and collective way. The emphasis in this study is on the fact that the identity is constructed with the effects created by the future expectations rather than the effects from the past. Since, both the identity and the past can be reconstructed today, the identity has no self and the identity is a variable. Future expectations decide on how the identity shall be reconstructed as much as the past. The identity is in the roots as well as towards the routes. The uncertainty of the identity is caused by the fact that it carries in itself the uncertainty of the future. Due to this reason, in identity policies and studies future plans of the people or the groups forming the identity should be examined as much as the past.
Identity in a multicultural environment: a gender perspective
Hubert J. Hermans and Harry J. Kempen in their article "Moving cultures", published in the American Psychologist in 1998, write about growing cultural complexity, employing the three cultural dimensions distinguished earlier by Hannerz (1992; in: Hermans and Kempen, 1998). The first of these (a) consists of ideas and ways of thinking, in other words, the whole range of concepts, assumptions, values and mental operations owned by people belonging to a given community. The second dimension (b) includes forms of externalization of culture, which are various ways of making public (and available to senses at the same time) those ideas and ways of thinking. Examples here could be art, food or computers. Finally, the third dimension is (c) social distribution, which is how both ideas (a) and forms of externalization (b) are disseminated in society. The traditional understanding of culture in anthropology and cross-cultural psychology overlaps with the first, and sometimes with the second of Hannerz's dimensions. Rarely is it taken into account that cultural groups are internally diverse, with divisions due to class, age, gender and region. Both ideas and forms of externalization are not equally available to persons of different generations, or to people whose income differ. The goal of this chapter is to analyze the role of gender as a modifying factor that influences ways of functioning in a cross-cultural environment, particularly in the construction and reconstruction of identity by migrants. The chapter has three main aims: First, to describe various ways of integrating multicultural identity and the prerequisites for this process. This is followed by an analysis of the obstacles that an individual may encounter during the process of building and rebuilding their identity. Finally, the chapter considers whether the process may be similar for women and men. When analyzing acculturation strategies, it is commonly assumed by various authors that a strategy choice does not rest entirely upon an acculturating individual. Specific conditions in the recipient country, such as policies relating to multiculturalism or migration, may serve as positive or negative catalytic factors, facilitating or blocking migrants' choices. I would like to demonstrate how sex, gender and sex roles constitute vital factors that facilitate, block or limit an individual's free access to the culture of the host country, at the same time restricting the individual's potential to move away from the culture of their country of origin.
Given the growing numbers of bicultural individuals in the United States and around the world, bicultural identity integration (BII) is an important construct that helps researchers to better capture the diversity within this group. In this chapter, we organize and summarize the limited literature on individual differences in bicultural identity, with a special focus on BII. First, we discuss and define biculturalism and cultural identity in general. Second, we introduce individual differences in bicultural identity and the ways in which these differences have been studied. Third, we define BII, summarize research on this construct, and introduce the latest applications of BII theory to other areas of identity research. In unpacking the construct of BII, we first define it along with its components (harmony and blendedness) and nomological network. We also discuss what we believe to be the process involved in integrating one’s dual cultural identities. We then present correlates of BII, including self-group personality perceptions, culturally related behaviors and values, and sociocultural and psychological adjustment. Finally, we discuss how BII relates to other important social-cognitive constructs, such as cultural frame switching or code switching. We end with a brief overview of the latest applications of BII theory (e.g., to gay identity) and suggestions for future research on bicultural identity. In summary, our goal for this chapter is to introduce BII and to help readers understand the importance of culture in identity.
Construction of Identity in Globalized Milieu: A New Paradigm
Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology, 2012
In anthropological perspective, identity is taken from the two opposite angles; uniqueness and sameness. Uniqueness keeps the properties, which make a person distinct from the others. Sameness keeps the qualities that a person is associated with others, with groups or categories on the basis of some salient common features. This article analyzes how individual or group identity is created, reshaped and molded after physical mobility of the people, what plays roles in creating identity, what values for that, and how it can be institutionalized. The paper concludes that immigrants' identity is constructed through the interaction among the rapidly increasing global inflows of knowledge; their own previous worldviews; the new social cultural patterns of host country; norms and values of other surrounding immigrants, and the perception of external pressure. In the process of cultural mixing, there is possibility of cultural homogenization and cultural heterogenization. Similar worldviews make the people nearer to each other which broaden the circle of 'us' and hence can lead toward homogenization of culture. On the other hand, dissimilarities in worldviews increase the level of 'them' therefore leads towards heterogenization.