16). (original) (raw)

Some Remarks on Resultative Constructions in Croatian. Croatica et Slavica Iadertina IV (2008), 23-33.

This paper discusses resultatives, often considered a subgroup of secondary predicates. Resultatives with an adjectival form (i. e., resultatives that can be considered a special form of secondary predicates) occur only rarely in Croatian. This paper highlights the formal and semantic characteristics of these constructions, as well as other possibilities of expressing resultative meaning. Key words: resultatives, secondary predicates, depictives, adverbials, adverbial resultatives, resultative meaning of prefixes

Depictive secondary predicates in Turkish

2021

This paper provides an overview of depictive secondary predicates within the Turkish language, particularly surrounding the small clause phenomenon. These constructions function as adjuncts in the matrix clause. However, it may be difficult to distinguish between depictives and adverbial adjuncts in Turkish because of their morphosyntactic shape. Primarily, I will address the distinction between depictives and adverbial adjuncts based on studies founded by Schultze-Berndt & Himmelmann (2004) and Himmelmann & Schultze-Berndt (2006) based on a description of the depictive secondary predicates in Turkish. Furthermore, I will specifically focus on the adjectivals as a depictive secondary predicate. These establish a predicative relationship with their controllers, which are the subject or object of the main clause. In this context, I will also analyze this predicative relationship at a semantical, syntactical and morphosyntactical level. I will then analyze the difficulties faced when r...

Depictive secondary predicates in Turkish 1

ONOMÁZEIN, 2021

Depictive secondary predicates in crosslinguistic perspective. Linguistic Typology 8:1

2004

Little is known about depictive secondary predicates such as raw in She ate the fish raw in languages other than a few European ones. The goal of this paper is to broaden the database for this grammatical construction by reviewing its recurring formal properties, introducing a crosslinguistically applicable def-inition and delimiting it from other, semantically and/or morphosyntactically similar constructions. In particular, we will show that the distinction between depictives and adverbials is much less clearcut, both in formal and semantic terms, than is often assumed. First, languages may not formally distinguish the two construction types. Second, in languages with genuine depictive construc-tions distinct from adverbials, expressions that have generally been analysed as adverbials (e.g., expressions of concomitance, manner, location, and even time) may exhibit the formal properties of depictives. As a consequence, we ar-gue that adverbial and depictive constructions are in comp...

Secondary Predication in Polish [open access]

2015

Szajbel-Keck, Małgorzata. 2015. Secondary Predication in Polish. PhD Thesis. Berkeley: University of California, Berkeley. This thesis explains how secondary predication is constructed. It focuses on Polish, with some comparisons to other languages, and provides analysis on the syntactic, morphological and semantic level in the paradigm of Minimalism. It starts with a definition of primary and secondary predication, maintaining that only adjucts are true secondary predicates. This is followed by an introduction of a new phrase type, bipartite, to Polish linguistics – an expression consisting of a preposition and adjective or, sometimes, a noun. It is shown that bipartites are not simply adverbs, for which they have been taken so far, but they can serve in a variety of functions, some of them typical for adjectives, such as attributive modifier or predicative use. That predicative use, especially in secondary predication, is then in the focus of the rest of this work. The morphosyntactic composition of secondary predication is discussed in detail, showing that lexically secondary predicates involve both adjectives and nouns (to a much lesser extent). Structurally, secondary predicates are divided into bare ones, consisting of an adjective or noun, and prepositional ones, involving bipartites, and thus consisting of a combination of a preposition and adjective or noun. Semantically, secondary predicates can be depictive or resultative. It is also illustrated that although secondary predicates fall into the category of adjuncts, they must be clearly distinguished from adverbials, attributives, interjections and absolutes. The second part of this study concentrates on the syntax of secondary predication. It shows that secondary predicates are best described as small clauses with a predicator serving as a head. Three attachment sites are proposed that allow for unambiguous subject and object control, as well as separation of depictives and resulatives from circumstantials. Secondary predicates can both agree and not agree with controlling NPs. Cases are discussed where agreement is obligatory, optional or blocked. In order to account for this variety, two types of Pr head (small clause head) are assumed: the full one blocks agreement and may assign its own case, the defective one allows for agreement, which is explained by feature sharing between the controlling NP and secondary predicate. Finally, the long distance control of secondary predicates in non-finite constructions and verbal nouns is explained. Additionally to the dichotomy depictive vs. resultative, a third group of circumstantials is identified that differ significantly from the former ones not only in semantics, but also in lexical composition (they are predominantly nominal) and attachment site (inside NP).

On the internal and external syntax of depictive secondary predication

Papers from the International Workshop on Secondary Predication 2021, Masashi Kawashima, Hideki Kishimoto, Kazushige Moriyama (eds.), Kobe: Department of Linguistics, Graduate School of Humanities, Kobe University. 1–22., 2022

The internal and external syntax of depictive secondary predication constructions are the topic of this paper. A small clause structure with an internal silent (PRO) subject is developed with particular reference to the morphosyntax of (dis)sociatives in Hungarian. The depictive small clause is integrated into the containing syntax via asyndetic specification, which offers an account of the properties of depictives in the realms of extraction, constituency and linear order.

'Secondary Predication', Chapter 18 of the Cambridge Handbook of Slavic Linguistics (2024)'

The Cambridge Handbook of Slavic Linguistics, ed. by Danko Šipka & Wayles Browne. Cambridge University Press., 2024

Secondary predicates (SPs) are those elements conveying an additional predication on top of the first predication featured by the main verbal form. Slavic secondary predicates follow the regular pattern, typical of most Indo-European languages, of a non-verbal element related to an argument in the clause. 2 This is illustrated in (1), an * This work has been partially supported by the PID2021-124769NB-I00 research project, funded by MCIN / AEI /10.13039/501100011033, and by ERDF "A way of making Europe", and the research group IT1344-22, funded by the Basque Government. I am deeply grateful to the editors of the volume, as well as two anonymous reviewers for their valuable remarks and comments. I would also like to thank Pasha Graschenkov for useful discussion of the Russian data, and Lanko Marušič and Tomáš Buchtele for help with the Slovenian and Czech data, respectively.

Depictive secondary predicates in crosslinguistic perspective

Linguistic Typology, 2004

Little is known about depictive secondary predicates such as raw in She ate the fish raw in languages other than a few European ones. The goal of this paper is to broaden the database for this grammatical construction by reviewing its recurring formal properties, introducing a crosslinguistically applicable definition and delimiting it from other, semantically and/or morphosyntactically similar constructions. In particular, we will show that the distinction between depictives and adverbials is much less clearcut, both in formal and semantic terms, than is often assumed. First, languages may not formally distinguish the two construction types. Second, in languages with genuine depictive constructions distinct from adverbials, expressions that have generally been analysed as adverbials (e.g., expressions of concomitance, manner, location, and even time) may exhibit the formal properties of depictives. As a consequence, we argue that adverbial and depictive constructions are in competition, in the sense that languages may have different cut-off points for the two construction types on an implicational hierarchy ranging from typical depictive content to typical adverbial content.

Some Remarks on Resultative Constructions in Croatian

2008

Secondary predicates in Croatian. In: Schroeder, Chr., Hentschel, G. & Boeder, W. (eds.) 2008: /Secondary predicates in Eastern European languages and beyond. /Oldenburg: BIS-Verlag der Carl von Ossietzky-Universität (= /Studia Slavica Oldenburgensia/ 16). (original) (raw)

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