Optimal dynamic routing protocols for agro-sensor communication in MANETs (original) (raw)
Related papers
— A Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is a group of wireless mobile nodes which dynamically form a network without any established infrastructure. The application is considered in an agro-based project and therefore, Routing protocols are mandatory to send and receive packets. In this paper, we have evaluated the most commonly used routing protocols in MANET and compared the performance of reactive routing protocols such as Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) and proactive routing protocols such as Geographic Routing Protocol (GRP), and Destination-Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV) routing protocol by using OPNET simulator 17.5. The OPNET simulator is optimal for core level network design and parameters of sensor nodes are detailed enough to design a sensor network as the MANET in this paper. Analysis of the performance of protocols are certainly depending on End to End delay (average), Network Load and the throughput. These parameters are the common primary issues behind routing and sensor nodes in the MANET will coordinate themselves following these issues staying in an environment of proactive or reactive routing. The result shows that AODV performs better than the other two.
Ijca Proceedings on International Conference on Recent Trends in Information Technology and Computer Science 2012, 2013
In wireless communication, using ad-hoc networking any user desiring to communicate with each other can form a temporary network, without any form of centralized administration. Each node participating in the network is mobile and can be connected dynamically in an arbitrary manner. All nodes of these networks behave as routers and take part in discovery and maintenance of routes to other nodes in the network. Because nodes are forwarding packets for each other, some sort of routing protocol is necessary to make the routing decisions. Routing in the MANETs is a challenging task and has received a tremendous amount of attention from researches. This has led to development of many different routing protocols for MANETs, and each author of each proposed protocol argues that the strategy proposed provides an improvement over a number of different strategies considered in the literature for a given network scenario. In the recent years, it has been quite difficult to determine which protocols may perform best under different network scenarios, such as change in node density and traffic applications. This paper begins with an overview of classification of routing protocols. We then provide a performance comparison of throughput for three mobile adhoc routing protocols AODV, DSR and OLSR to understand and analyze the behavior of these protocols under different parameters. All the experimental set up and simulations is done using OPNET v14.5 Simulator.
Performance Analysis of Reactive and Proactive Routing Protocols for Mobile Ad-hoc –Networks
In Mobile Ad Hoc networks (MANETs) the mobility of nodes results in frequent changes of network topology making routing in MANETs a challenging task. Some studies have been reported in the literature to evaluate the performance of the proposed routing algorithms. This paper evaluates the review of the performance of AODV, DSR, DSDV and OLSR routing protocols in MANETs under CBR traffic with different network conditions. Review of these protocols show that in different conditions different protocols behave differently. These four protocols have been reviewed under different conditions.
PERFORMANCE COMPARISONS OF ROUTING PROTOCOLS IN MOBILE AD HOC NETWORKS
Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is a collection of wireless mobile nodes that dynamically form a network temporarily without any support of central administration. Moreover, Every node in MANET moves arbitrarily making the multi-hop network topology to change randomly at unpredictable times. There are several familiar routing protocols like DSDV, AODV, DSR, etc… which have been proposed for providing communication among all the nodes in the network. This paper presents a performance comparison of proactive and reactive protocols DSDV, AODV and DSR based on metrics such as throughput, packet delivery ratio and average end-to-end delay by using the NS-2 simulator.
Performance Analysis of AODV & DSR Routing Protocol in Mobile Ad hoc Networks
International Journal of Computer …, 2010
Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is an autonomous system of mobile nodes connected by wireless links. Each node operates not only as an end system, but also as a router to forward packets. The nodes are free to move about and organize themselves into a network. These nodes change position frequently. The main classes of routing protocols are Proactive, Reactive and Hybrid. A Reactive (on-demand) routing strategy is a popular routing category for wireless ad hoc routing. It is a relatively new routing philosophy that provides a scalable solution to relatively large network topologies. The design follows the idea that each node tries to reduce routing overhead by sending routing packets whenever a communication is requested. In this paper an attempt has been made to compare the performance of two prominent on demand reactive routing protocols for MANETs: Ad hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV), Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocols. DSR and AODV are reactive gateway discovery algorithms where a mobile device of MANET connects by gateway only when it is needed. As per our findings the differences in the protocol mechanics lead to significant performance differentials for both of these protocols. The performance differentials are analyzed using varying simulation time. These simulations are carried out using the ns-2 network simulator. The results presented in this work illustrate the importance in carefully evaluating and implementing routing protocols in an ad hoc environment.
Evaluation of Reactive and Proactive Routing Protocols for MANET
Abstract—Mobile Ad –hoc networks (MANET) have been an interested field for researchers. MANET is a network doesn’t need an infrastructure to build and it’s also a self-organization network. These types of networks do not have any requisite for a fixed infrastructure or a central control entity, such as Base Stations (BS) or Access Points (AP). Thus, the Ad-hoc networks can build for scenarios those have a special proposes and goals. Every node in network is freely to move randomly, such a flexibility causing continues changes to the network topology since the nodes are moving, and the routing became a critical issue and an efficient routing protocol needs to be chosen to make the MANET reliable. In this paper a performance comparison where performed, four types of MANET’s routing protocols where chosen in this study: Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV), Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) Optimized link State Protocol (OLSR) and Geographic Routing Protocol (GRP). The performances have been analyzed with are average delay, throughput, load in the network and packet losses/drops. The simulation results indicate that OLSR outperforms AODV, DSR, and GRP in terms of delay and packets dropped, but the AODV better than GRP in throughput when the size of network increases. GRP and DSR have dramatic reduction in performance when the network size increase and mobility is high.
COMPARISON OF EFFECTIVENESS OF AODV, DSDV AND DSR ROUTING PROTOCOLS IN MOBILE AD HOC NETWORKS
Mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) represent complex distributed systems that comprise wireless mobile nodes that can freely and dynamically self organize into arbitrary and temporary ad hoc network topologies. A mobile ad hoc network is a collection of nodes that is connected through a wireless medium forming rapidly changing topologies. The widely accepted existing routing protocols designed to accommodate the needs of such self-organized networks do not address possible threats aiming at the disruption of the protocol itself. Simulation is the research tool of choice for a majority of the mobile ad hoc network (MANET) community. Manets are infrastructure less and can be set up anytime, anywhere. We have conducted survey of simulation results of various Manet routing algorithms and analyzed them. The routing algorithms considered are classified into two categories proactive and reactive. The algorithms considered are AODV, DSR, DSDV. The performance measurements are based on the various parameters such as packet delivery fraction, average end to end delay and number of packets dropped. Future work in this area includes development of efficient routing protocols so as to improve the performance of the parameter in which the particular routing protocol is lagging.
Performance Analysis of Reactive Routing Protocols in Mobile Ad hoc Networks
Proceedings of the 2014 IEEE 6th International Conference on Telecommunications and Multimedia (IEEE TEMU 2014)
Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) are self-organized infrastructure-less networks, including wireless mobile systems, which have been thoroughly studied and widely used in a variety of applications. Routing mechanisms in MANETs are considered as a major research challenge due to the nature of the network topology, where the nodes are able to move in any direction in the network showing unpredictable behavior. Nodes failures and absence of centralized coordinators are also important challenges in such network configurations. In addition, the routing protocols that are usually exploited in MANETs are characterized as proactive (Table-driven) and reactive (On-demand). In this context, this paper elaborates on a preliminary comparison study among different reactive protocols, such as the Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) and the Dynamic Source Routing (DSR). This comparison was conducted towards investigating the optimum exploitation of such routing protocols in MANETs, in terms of their performance against the number of the nodes in the network.
Comparative Analysis of Reactive, Proactive and Hybrid Routing Protocols in MANET
The performance of routing protocols in Mobile Ad hoc network (MANET) always attracts many attentions. As many previous works have shown, routing performance is greatly dependent to the availability and stability of wireless links. Although there are some studies reported to evaluate the performance of routing protocols in MANET, little work is done for the system overall performance, which is generally referred to as the network throughput, delay and network load. MANET is a self organized and self configurable network where the mobile nodes move arbitrarily. Routing is a critical issue in MANET and hence the focus of this paper along with the performance analysis of routing protocols. We compared three routing protocols i.e. AODV, OLSR and GRP. Our simulation tool will be OPNET modeler. The performance of these routing protocols is analyzed by three metrics: delay, network load and throughput. All the three routing protocols are explained in a deep way with metrics. The comparison analysis will be carrying out about these protocols and in the last the conclusion will be presented, that which routing protocol is the best one for mobile ad hoc networks. The final evaluation is presented at the end of this paper.
Ascent the Performances of Dynamic Routing Protocols in MANET
2019
Mobile ad hoc network is a collection of mobile nodes communicating through wireless channels without any existing network infrastructure or centralized administration. Routing protocols used in ad hoc networks must automatically adjust to environments that can vary between the extremes of high mobility with low bandwidth, and low mobility with high bandwidth. This paper argues that such protocols must operate in an on-demand fashion and that they must carefully limit the number of nodes required to react to a given topology change in the network. This paper proves practicality of the DSR (Dynamic Source Routing), AODV(Ad hoc On Demand Distance Vector) and OLSR (Optimized Link State Routing) protocols through performance results, and it demonstrates several methodologies for experimenting with protocols and applications in an ad hoc network environment. KeywordsMANET, DSR, AODV, OLSR, Multicast routing protocol.