Étude bayésienne de l'effet de l'utilisation des Bio-pesticides sur la production des espèces rares (original) (raw)
Related papers
2022
Abstract The degradation of soil fertility and poor cultivation practices severely limit yields, given that maize is demanding in terms of soil fertility. Currently, to overcome this soil fertility constraint, the use of biofertilisers is essential. Several biofertilisers have been developed and are increasingly available on the Congolese market. These biofertilisers include Supergrow, Verto, compost and Azomite. The present study aims to identify the most effective biofertilizer for maize growth and yield in an environmentally friendly production. A trial on the influence of four biofertilizers: Verto, Composte, Supergrow and Azomite on maize growth and yield was conducted in Kinshasa using a randomized complete block design. After experimentation, it was found that the supergrow was better on yield with 7572.5 ± 269.61kg.ha-1 and weight of a thousand seeds with 333.00±24.50g. As for growth, no biofertiliser applied influenced the maize plants. Keywords : Bio fertilizer, yield, corn, Kinshasa
La présence d'une fraction dangereuse dans les déchets biomédicaux mérite toujours une attention particulière sur les sources potentielles de production. L'objectif de la présente étude était de caractériser les sources de production de déchets biomédicaux (DBM) basée surles fractions dangereuses contenues. L'étude a été conduite dans la ville de Bobo-Dioulasso au Burkina Faso autour d'un échantillon detrente-un (31) établissements sanitaires publics et privés. Le principe du « système à trois bacs » catégorisant les déchets généraux considérés a été utilisé. Les pesées on tété réalisées en saison sèche et pluvieuse durant une période desept (07) jours consécutifs. Les résultats indiquent une production totale des DBM de la ville de Bobo-Dioulasso estimée à 1269 tonnes par an. Le CHU est les eul hôpital de la ville et produit 531tonnes de DBM représentant 42% du total des DBM. Il est suivi successivement des Établissements de Soins Privés Hospitaliers avec 234 tonnes (18%), des CMA avec 177 tonnes (14%), les Officines avec 95 tonnes (7%), des Établissements de Soins Privés Non hospitaliers avec 87 tonnes (7%) et des CSPS avec 74 tonnes (6%). Des catégories sources de productions, les déchets non dangereux sont compris entre 66 et 94% tandis que les déchets dangereux sont compris entre 6 et 34%. L'analyse en composante principale a fait ressortir trois (03) classes de sources de production: la classe C1 caractérisée par une production assez importante de fg (déchet non dangereux) ; la classe C2 composite est dominée par la fraction des infectieux fi; et la classe C3a une forte production de la fraction des piquants fp. Les informations autour de cette caractérisation sont desorientations permettant aux producteurs de s'organiser pour mieux assurer une gestion concertée et mutualisée des DBM.
MEMOIRE DE MASTER, 2017
The present study consisted in evaluating the effectiveness of the "Banzai" Biostimulant on cocoa healthy trees productivity and cocoa diseased trees productivity in framework of swollen shoot disease pressure. Specifically, the effect of different doses of banzai on the cherries and pod production was compared, as was the coverage rate of healthy and diseased trees. The experimental set-up consists of a single block of four plots, including three plots with treatments (T1, T2, T3) and a control plot (T0). The observations were carried out for six consecutive months on number of cherries, number of pods and foliar cover rate of test trees. The Kruskal-Wallis results showed that the treated plots produced significantly more cherries and pods than the control plots in both healthy and disease trees regardless of the dose. Moreover, in healthy trees, the Kruskal-Wallis test showed that the simple dose of Banzai without fertilizer (T1) significantly increased the number of cherries and pods compared to other treatments. While in diseased trees, the test showed that the double dose of Banzai without fertilizer (T2) produced significantly more cherries and pods than other treatments. In addition, the chi-square test showed that the Banzai biostimulant improves the foliar cover rate of diseased trees and healthy trees by at least 14%. Keywords: Cocoa tree, Biostimulant, Banzai, CSSV, Côte d’Ivoire, Soubré.
The study was conducted over two seasons (2015/2016 and 2016/2017) to assess the effect of mineral fertilizer inputs (NPK 15-15-15 and 12-22-22) on the yield of two sweet potato varieties in Bouaké. The test was conducted using a split-plot experimental design with two varieties of sweet potato (Tib-440060 and Irene) and five levels of fertilization (0, 200, 300, 400, 400, 500 kg/ha) in three repetitions. The results showed that mineral fertilizers had a positive effect on the yield components of tuberous roots. The results of the study also showed that the use of mineral fertilizers did not modify the organoleptic parameters measured, namely the taste, appearance, cooking and water content of the sweet potato. Irene variety seems to be more suited to mineral fertilization than the Tib-440060 variety.
Plantain is an easy plant to grow. There are many varieties directly exploitable which makes it a plant with economic potential. Banana is one of the most consumed foods by the inhabitants of Côte d'Ivoire. However, banana production in this region remains insufficient. The possibility of creating a banana plantation remains a major problem due to the low availability of "seeds". The introduction of a new method under the name DESHYPIF could both reduce the vegetative cycle and the production cycle while allowing the vegetative propagation of the buds. The aim of our study was to show that the production of banana plants by DESHYPIF technique is possible with the use of buds suckers. The study focused on two types of buds, traditional bayonet discharges and buds suckers. The results showed that buds suckers lose more water (39.34 ± 0.52) than the bayonet (27.15 ± 1.03) in the dehydration phase, however, the water level in the phase of physiological awakening remained the same (5.23 ± 0.01). The rehydration rate was 100 %. For the number of young plants emitted in germination, the buds suckers dehydrated gave a number of individuals (77 ± 2) comparable to those of the bayonets (80±1). Résumé Le bananier plantain est une plante facile à cultiver. Il existe de nombreuses variétés directement exploitables ce qui en fait une plante au
2011
En 2008, à l'occasion du Grenelle de l'environnement, la France s'est fixée un objectif de réduction de l'usage des pesticides de moitié en dix ans. Afin de répondre à la question des pouvoirs publics sur la possibilité de réduire l'utilisation des pesticides dans l'agriculture française et d'atteindre l'objectif fixé par le Grenelle de l'environnement, l'INRA et les ministères de l'Agriculture et de l'Ecologie ont mis en place le projet ECOPHYTO R&D. Nous présentons ici les résultats d'un travail réalisé dans le cadre de cette étude. Une réduction significative de l'usage des pesticides suppose des changements profonds dans les pratiques agricoles. Dans le but d'analyser les effets de tels changements sur le secteur français des grandes cultures qui représente 68 % de l'utilisation des pesticides en France, un modèle de programmation mathématique a été construit. Il permet d'étudier les combinaisons de techniques a...
Diversité des Espèces de Faunes Chassées et Impact sur la Biodiversité Animale (Nord-Ouest du Bénin)
Hunting is an important activity for communities close to wildlife reserves, despite its negative impacts on wildlife. For one and a half day, daily monitoring was conducted alongside the hunters during 203 hunting parties in the study area. This paper focuses on identifying the species hunted, to analyze the different sampling sites, and to evaluate the pressure on the fauna. The use of Generalized Linear Models realized in the software R 3.4.1 allowed the treatment of the data of the collected species. A total of 2712 game animals, belonging to 09 orders of animals and 34 species, were identified among the samples. The most severed species were small-sized species such as Lepus crawashayi (31.12%), Francolinus bicalcaratus (29.09%), and Thryonomys swinderianus (10.88%). Most game is slaughtered in the fields (53.28%), fallows (29.17%) and on rocky outcrops (3.32%), and some are taken from the protected savannah (1.29%). The samples are non-selective, resulting in damage to wildlife biodiversity. This pressure is also manifested by the presence of endangered species in the IUCN Red List samples, such as the vulnerable Ourebie (Ourebia ourebia) (VU) and Denham’s Bustard (Neotis denhami), another critically endangered species (CR). The harvested species are small resilient species that are resistant to hunting pressure for the moment. As the population increases, this hunt will no longer be sustainable.