Web Service Composition Automation based on Timed Automata (original) (raw)
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Automating Web Service Composition
Advances in Systems Analysis, Software Engineering, and High Performance Computing
In the Service-Driven Computing paradigm, applications are typically built by composing a set of Web services. Web service composition facilitates rapid development of applications via service reuse and enables the creation of complex services from simpler application services. Research efforts in the area of Web service composition are concerned mainly with two challenges, namely automated service synthesis and verification of the composed Web services. This chapter presents a framework for Web service composition based on semantic specification through OWL-S to establish an ontological agent for automating Web service composition. The semantic description serves to define the planning domain for the agent to automate the composition procedure. A Petri nets model is applied to build a formal representation of the structure and behavior of the service. Finally, AND-OR graph methodology is used to represent the dependences among Web services to select between alternatives based on Qu...
Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science, 2009
Composition of services is necessary for realizing complex tasks on the Web. It has been characterized either as a plan synthesis problem or as a software synthesis problem: given a goal and a set of Web services, generate a composition of the Web services that satisfies the goal. We propose algorithms for performing automated Web service composition. We also examine the composition of services from the perspective of computational complexity.
Implementation Issues for Automatic Composition of Web Services
2010 Workshops on Database and Expert Systems Applications, 2010
Service Oriented Computing (SOC) is a computing paradigm for the agile development of software based on the orchestration of loosely-coupled services. Services perform functions from the solution of simple atomic requests to execution of complex business processes. Nowadays, new services are created from the manual composition of basic Web Services. It is an arduous and susceptible to errors task. To avoid this problem, it is necessary the existence of discovery and automatic composition mechanisms.This paper presents the specification of a architecture and implementation of a prototype for the automatic composition of Web Services using Artificial Intelligence planning techniques and the WSMO ontological model. Moreover, the paper contains a discussion about design and implementation choices and further improvements.
A Survey of Automated Web Service Composition Methods
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2005
In today's Web, Web services are created and updated on the fly. It's already beyond the human ability to analysis them and generate the composition plan manually. A number of approaches have been proposed to tackle that problem. Most of them are inspired by the researches in cross-enterprise workflow and AI planning. This paper gives an overview of recent research efforts of automatic Web service composition both from the workflow and AI planning research community.
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Abstract. The aim of Web service composition is to arrange multiple services into workflows supplying complex user needs. Due to the huge amount of Web services and the need to supply dynamically varying user goals, it is necessary to perform the composition automatically. The objective of this article is to overview the issues of automatic dynamic Web service composition. We discuss the issues related to the semantics of services, which is important for automatic Web service composition.
Synthesis and Composition of Web Services
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2009
One of the key ideas underlying Web services is that of allowing the combination of existing services published on the Web into a new service that achieves some higher-level functionality and satisfies some business goals. As the manual development of the new composite service is recognized as a difficult and error-prone task, the automated synthesis of the composition is considered one of the key challenges in the field of Web services. In this paper, we will present a survey of existing approaches for the synthesis of Web service compositions. We will then focus on a specific approach, the ASTRO approach, which has been shown to support complex composition requirements and to be applicable in real domains. In the paper, we will present the formal framework behind the ASTRO approach; we will present the implementation of the framework and its integration within a commercial toolkit for developing Web services; we will finally evaluate the approach on a real-world composition domain. A wide variety of approach has been proposed in the scientific literature for addressing the problem of Web service composition-we will provide a survey in this paper. Here we will focus on a specific approach to Web service composition, namely the ASTRO approach (see http://www.astroproject.org). This approach starts from the observation that, in most real-life scenarios, services are stateful and realize complex protocols (e.g., a multi-phase booking procedure includes search, selection, and checkout tasks); their behaviour may be non-deterministic (the search may provide no result, checkout may fail), and they may exchange messages asynchronously. The synthesis of a Web service composition in this setting consists in understanding how to orchestrate the interactions among the component services, so that their protocols are respected, all non-deterministic outcomes are covered, and the composition requirement is achieved. More precisely, in this paper we present a formal framework for the automated composition of Web services that is able to cope with complex control and data flows, i.e., with Web services exposing complex protocols and exchanging structured data, and with composition requirements expressing constraints not only on the service interactions but also on the exchanged data. The framework is based on a model for Web services that is able to overcome the limitations of the existing approaches and to capture the complex protocols and data structures of services in real domains. For what concerns the specification of composition requirements, the framework provides advanced formal languages for specifying constraints both on the control flow and on the data flow. The framework is implemented and integrated in a toolkit that allows for automatically composing Web services. In the paper, we will also describe the toolkit and its application on a on real-world composition domains. The structure of the paper is as follows. Section 2 provides a survey of the existing approaches for the composition of Web services. Section 3 illustrates the problem of synthesising the composition of stateful Web services through a simple example based on a Virtual Travel Agency. Section 4 introduces the formal model for Web service compositions; this model allows for specifying stateful component services, as well as composition requirements on the control-flow and on the data-flow. Section 5 shows how the synthesis of the service composition can be achieved by exploiting an existing approach for planning in asynchronous domains. Section 6 introduces a tool for Web service composition which implements the model and the automated synthesis approach described in the previous sections. Section 7 evaluates the approach on a real problem of service composition, which is based on the Amazon shopping services and the payment services of an Italian bank. Finally, Section 8 ends the paper with some concluding remarks. 2 Composing Web Services Service composition [44] is one of the most promising ideas underlying Web services: composite Web services perform new functionalities by interacting with pre-existing services, called component Web services. Service composition has the potential to reduce development time and effort for new applications by re-using published services, thus allowing reusabilty and extensibility. In general, "service composition" can be de
A Development of AWSCPM Framework for Automation of Web Services Composition Processes
Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2019
The composition of web services that is the combination of several services to obtain new features becomes more and more popular and presents a necessary stage for the realization of the collaboration inter-companies (B2B). To implement this collaboration, a developer has to elaborate a specification which allows the modeling of the global behavior of the system to verify formally this model to assure the quality of the system then pass to the implementation of the composed service. This study presents a summary of our developed approach of web services composition this approach is separated into three tasks: specification using BPMN notation and Multi-Agent Reactive Decisional (MARDS) Model, formal verification using LOTOS language and implementation using BPEL language. Then this study will introduced the framework AWSCPM "Automatic Web Services Composition Processes based on MARDS", it is developed as part of this research and that automates the generation of different processes: business process BPMN, executable process BPEL and formal process LOTOS.
Validation and verification of Web services choreographies by using timed automata
The Journal of Logic and Algebraic Programming, 2011
We present an approach for the validation and verification of Web services choreographies, and more specifically, for those composite Web services systems with timing restrictions. We use a W3C proposal for the description of composite Web services, WS-CDL (Web Services Choreography Description Language), and we define an operational semantics for a relevant subset of it. We then define a translation of the considered subset of WS-CDL into a network of timed automata, proving that this translation is correct. Finally, we use the UPPAAL tool for the validation and verification of the described system, by using the generated timed automata.
A timed semantics for web services composition
International Journal of Business Process Integration and Management, 2017
This paper introduces a method to analyse and verify the BPEL language. We propose a transformation approach based on the translation of BPEL descriptions to the communicating durational action timed automata (C-DATA) model which is a distributed, real-time semantic model that is based on true-concurrency semantics and supports the distributed and the communicating aspects. In order to handle compositions of multiple web services and exchanged messages between them we represent each BPEL service by a local C-DATA, while the global system is represented by all these local C-DATAs. These local C-DATAs communicate with each other by exchanging messages through communication channels. This approach considers both timing constraints and interaction durations between web services.